1.Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. and Colletotrichum spp. isolated from infected vanilla orchid
Nurdiana Ab Kadir ; Laila Naher ; Fatimah Kayat ; Noorhazira Sidek ; Norhafizah Md. Zain ; Tengku Halimatun Sa&rsquo ; adiah T. Abu Bakar
Malaysian Journal of Microbiology 2021;17(1):42-51
Aims:
This study aimed to isolate and identify fungi involved in causing diseases to Vanilla planifolia as well as to study
their pathogenicity level in causing disease.
Methodology and results:
The diseased parts of vanilla plants were collected from vanilla farms located in Pahang and
Sabah, Malaysia from May 2015 to May 2016. Diseases tissue transplantation was adopted to isolate the fungi for
morphology identification prior to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS)
regions using universal primers for fungi, ITS1 and ITS4. After being isolated, the fungi pathogenicity was tested on
detached fresh and mature vanilla leaves. A total of 22 fungal isolates were identified, Fusarium fujikuroi and F.
oxysporum were the two most recovered species, followed by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium sp., F.
proliferatum and F. solani. Pathogenicity test revealed a significantly high pathogenicity of F. oxysporum and C.
gloeosporiodes (p<0.01) on detached vanilla leaf, with high level of damage.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study
This study provides valuable information on fungi-associated diseases
on vanilla plants grown in Malaysia and can be used for future development in disease management.
Vanilla--microbiology
;
Fusarium--isolation &
;
purification
;
Colletotrichum--isolation &
;
purification
2.Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from Chelidonium majus and their antifungal activity.
Ting HUANG ; Wei XIE ; Xiao-Dong LIU ; Kai-Xun TANG ; Rui YANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2019;44(3):460-464
In order to find new source of antifungal agents, eleven cultivable endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots,stems and leaves of Chelidonium majus by traditional method. Seven of them were identified as Colletotrichum(L1, L2, L3, S1, S3, S4, S5), and three of them were identified as Fusarium(R1,R2,R3) by morphological features and molecular biological technology. The antifungal activity test showed that all the tested fungi displayed some inhibitory activity against five common plant pathogens(C. gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, Pyricularia oryza, Alternaria alternate and A. brassicae), and their inhibition rate of some test items were over 60%. Among them, R1, S2, S3 and S4 were more potent than others. This study enriches the understanding of endophytes from Ch. majus and provides a basis for the study of new microbial fungicides.
Alternaria
;
pathogenicity
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Antibiosis
;
Ascomycota
;
pathogenicity
;
Chelidonium
;
microbiology
;
Colletotrichum
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
;
Endophytes
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
;
Fusarium
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
3.Epitypification: should we epitypify?
Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 2008;9(10):842-846
Epitypification can solve many taxonomic problems and stabilize the understanding of species, genera, families or orders. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how to epitypify. A few examples where taxa have been epitypified are considered and the benefits and disadvantages of epitypification are discussed. We also outline some examples of taxa which need to be epitypified with reasons.
Colletotrichum
;
classification
;
genetics
;
DNA, Fungal
;
genetics
;
isolation & purification
;
Fungi
;
classification
;
genetics
;
Mycological Typing Techniques
;
methods
;
Phylogeny
4.The preparation of an elicitor from a fungal endophyte to enhance artemisinin production in hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua L.
Jian-wen WANG ; Li-Ping ZHENG ; Ren-Xiang TAN
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2006;22(5):829-834
The different components of crude mycelium of the predominant endophytic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides of Artemisa annua have been extracted by the methods of acid hydrolysate. We compared the effect of the isolated components on artemisin biosynthesis in hairy root cultures. Therefore, the oligosaccharide elicitor from C. gloeosporioides has been partially purified by column chromatography of Sephadex G25. The isolated oligosaccharide B II (elicitor, MW < 2500) has been revealed to promote the production of artemisinin in Artemisia annua hairy root cultures. When hairy roots of 23-day old cultures (later growth phase) were exposed to the elicitor at 0.4 mg/mL for 4 days, the maximum production of artemisinin reached to 13.51 mg/L, a 51.63% increase over the control. This is the first report on the stimulation of artemisinin production in hairy roots by the oligosaccharide elicitor from an endophytic fungus of A. annua.
Artemisia annua
;
drug effects
;
growth & development
;
metabolism
;
Artemisinins
;
metabolism
;
Bioreactors
;
Colletotrichum
;
chemistry
;
Mycelium
;
chemistry
;
Oligosaccharides
;
isolation & purification
;
pharmacology
;
Plant Roots
;
drug effects
;
growth & development
;
metabolism
5.A new sesquiterpenoid from fungus Colletotrichum sp. and its cytotoxicity.
Zhi-Jun YANG ; Tian YANG ; Min-Yu LUO ; Xing XIA ; Dai-Jie CHEN ; Xiu-Ping QIAN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2013;48(6):891-895
A novel sesquiterpenoid (1) and three known compounds identified as isoaltenuene (2), altenuene (3), and alternariol 4, 10-O-dimethyl ether (4), were isolated in our investigation of the cytotoxic constituents from solid cultures of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic data analysis. All compounds exhibited cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cell line A549, breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. Compound 4 could induce the PANC-1 cells inflation or death, but couldn't induce apoptosis at the IC50 of 60.2 microg x mL(-1).
Antineoplastic Agents
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
;
pharmacology
;
Apoptosis
;
drug effects
;
Cell Line, Tumor
;
Cell Proliferation
;
drug effects
;
Colletotrichum
;
chemistry
;
Humans
;
Inhibitory Concentration 50
;
Lactones
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
;
pharmacology
;
Molecular Structure
;
Sesquiterpenes
;
chemistry
;
isolation & purification
;
pharmacology