Despite the high prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) worldwide, the exact pathogenesis of the disease remains unknown. Even with therapeutic intervention, treatment response is often only partial and frequently ineffective. The inability to define exact disease phenotypes in relation to specific disease mechanisms has led to a broad based approach with both anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial intervention. The clinical efficacy of such current therapeutic strategies is highlighted and the urgent need for further robust therapeutic intervention studies in CRS is discussed in this article.
Clinical Trial ; Phenotype ; Prevalence

SUMMARY Introduction: The aim of this article was to review the types of psychological interventions for patients with tinnitus, professionals involved in giving the intervention, the effectiveness of each method of interventions and comparisons with non-psychological approaches in treating tinnitus. Materials and Methods: PubMed database searched. Results: Twenty one articles that employed randomized controlled trials design were included. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) was the most common intervention conducted by the researchers. Clinical psychologists and trainee psychologists were the most professionals involved in the therapy. The length of therapy ranged from six weeks to three months. Discussion: Psychological interventions were more effective in reducing psychological impacts of tinnitus than non-psychological interventions such as the use of tinnitus maskers. Nevertheless, the combination of the treatments yielded more superior outcomes. Conclusion: A simplified version of psychological intervention that can be implemented by other clinical professionals should be developed to treat tinnitus holistically to overcome the shortage number of clinical psychologists.
Tinnitus ; Clinical Trial

Background: Turmeric demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties in laboratory and clinical studies that suggest its usefulness in psoriasis. This is the first randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy and safety of turmeric 1% cream to clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream in the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of turmeric 1% cream versus that of clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream in the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial to determine the proportion of patients with clinical remission. Secondary outcomes namely mean PASI and pruritus scores per visit, time to remission and incidence of adverse effects were also determined. Results: Fifty-nine patients were randomized into two groups: a turmeric (n=30) and a clobetasol (n=29) group. After four weeks of treatment, there was no significant difference (p=0.36) in the proportions of patients with clinical remission in the turmeric group (5/20, 25%) and the clobetasol group (8/23, 35%) (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.78-1.70). The average time to achieve clinical remission was 4 weeks in the turmeric group and 3.38 ± 1.06 weeks in the clobetasol group (p=0.07). There was no significant difference in post-treatment mean PASI scores in turmeric (8.77 ± 5.71) and clobetasol (7.26 ± 6.04) groups (p=0.40). Post-treatment mean pruritus scores in turmeric (6.9 ± 2.83) and clobetasol (5.83 ± 3.87) groups (p=0.30) were also statistically comparable. Two patients in the clobetasol group developed folliculitis. Conclusion Turmeric 1% cream demonstrated comparable efficacy and safety with clobetasol 0.05% cream in the treatment of mild to moderate plaque-type psoriasis.
Curcuma ; Clinical Trial

Background: Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential therapeutic candidate against COVID-19 infection. Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of VCO as adjunctive therapy for hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a randomized, open-label controlled trial involving laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted at the Philippine General Hospital. The study participants were randomized to the intervention group who received virgin coconut oil with local standard of care, or to the control group who received local standard of care alone. Results: We enrolled 39 participants into the VCO group and 38 participants into the control group. Significantly fewer participants in the VCO group had abnormal CRP levels at the end of treatment compared to control. (relative risk [RR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58 to 0.95; p=0.02) No significant difference was found in the duration of hospital stay (mean 9.33 days for VCO vs. 10.29 days for control; p=0.45) and time to symptom resolution (mean 6.8 days for VCO, vs. 6.74 days for control; p=0.91). Although the proportion of patients who developed the secondary outcomes of mortality, need for ICU admission, need for invasive ventilation, and negative viral conversion was lower in the VCO group, results did not reach statistical significance. The VCO group had larger reduction in the inflammatory markers ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, TNF-alpha, IP-10 and IL-6, but results did not reach statistical significance. Adverse events were significantly higher in the VCO group (RR 4.87, 95% CI 1.14 to 20.79; p=0.03). Conclusion This clinical trial on hospitalized patients showed significant benefit in CRP levels of participants given VCO compared to control. There was no significant benefit in the use of VCO as adjunctive therapy in reducing duration of hospital stay. Larger studies are needed to conclusively demonstrate the effect of VCO on other clinical outcomes and inflammatory markers.
COVID-19 ; Clinical Trial

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the factors affecting container terminal worker's recovery experience from job stress. METHODS: The subjects were 299 workers from one S dock in P city. Data were collected from April 5 to June 5, 2015 and analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Sheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and logistic regression. RESULTS: The mean scores of job stress, ego-resilience, and recovery experience from job stress were 47.18, 46.90, and 49.17 respectively. Recovery experience according to the general characteristics showed significant correlation between daily exercise. There was a significant negative correlation between recovery experience and job stress, and a positive correlation between recovery experience and ego-resilience. Recovery experience was 2.54 times higher for a high ego-resilience group than for a low ego-resilience group, and the group that exercised was 2.25 times higher, than the non-exercising group. The group with a low level of interpersonal conflict was 1.97 times higher, than a group with a high level of interpersonal conflict. CONCLUSION: Based on this study, intervention programs to increase ego-resilience, decrease interpersonal conflict, and encourage over 30-minute-daily exercise for in container terminal workers should be developed to improve recovery experience of job stress.
Clinical Trial ; Logistic Models ; Recovery of Function

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to analyze effect size of the intervention studies for posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer. METHODS: A total of 871 studies published between 2000 and 2014 were identified by searching Ovid-Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, PsycARTICLES, Cochrane library, RISS, and KISS. 15 studies were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) Ver. 3 program and the effect sizes were shown using Hedges's g score. RESULTS: Intervention studies included 5 studies on Cognitive Behavioral Stress Management (CBSM), 4 studies for Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), 2 studies for couple-based intervention, and 1 study each for health coaching, building resilience, yoga and painting intervention. The overall controlled effect size was 0.335 (95% CI=0.231, 0.438), using a fixed effects model. The most effective intervention was the couple-based intervention (0.368, 95% CI=-0.146, 0.883), followed by MBSR (0.340, 95% CI=0.172, 0.508) and CBSM (0.314, 95% CI=0.139, 0.490). CONCLUSION: Cancer is one of the most significant traumatic events that affect patients' lives, a few cancer patients have been known to have posttraumatic growth. Therefore it is necessary to consider nursing interventions to increase posttraumatic growth for cancer patients such as couple-based intervention, MBSR and CBSM.
Humans ; Clinical Trial ; Nursing ; Paint ; Paintings ; Yoga

PURPOSE: The aims of this study is to analysis the effects of obesity management programs for children and to measure the differences in the effects by type and dependent variables in order to analyze the structures of the programs. METHODS: Sixty-one peer-reviewed journals including child obesity and intervention studies published between 2000 and 2010 were included for meta-analysis. Effect size and statistics of homogeneity were by STAT 10.0. RESULTS: A total of 61 studies were used in the analysis, and the effect size of the independent studies was determined to be -0.23 (95% CI, -0.32 ~ -0.15). Serum Leptin and Insulin were the big effect size among the studies that used dependent variables. The theses used in the research did not display publishing bias. CONCLUSION: Obesity management programs that have been confirmed to be effective need to be developed into regional protocols. A continuous control of obese children and research for effective intervention program are in need.
Child* ; Humans ; Insulin ; Clinical Trial ; Leptin ; Obesity*

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the trends and contents of imagery interventions and to evaluate the effects of imagery interventions by using meta-analysis. METHOD: The materials used for this study were 15 imagery intervention studies carried out from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 2001. The studies were analyzed and evaluated in different categories: 1) types of dependent variables 2) types of imagery 3) interval of imagery 4) total duration of imagery 5) sample characteristics 6) intervention method. RESULT: 1) Behavioral imagery was more prevalent than dynamic imagery. There were wide variations in duration, and interval of interventions. Imagery intervention had moderate effects on psychological variables (state of anxiety, depression & and stress etc.) and had moderate to large effects on physiological variable(pulse rate, cortisol etc.). Behavioral imagery had larger effects than dynamic imagery. Imagery applied to the public had larger effect on decreasing the state of anxiety and stress than applied to the patients. But imagery applied to the patients had a larger effect on decreasing depression than applied to the public. The imagery intervention method by using the individual approach had greater effect than group approach method. CONCLUSION: These results of this study will be used to guide the development of imagery interventions to nursing practice. Also, various types of imagery interventions need to be developed based on the characteristics of nursing practice.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Clinical Trial ; Nursing

OBJECTIVES: Sleep disturbance constitutes a significant and relatively common source of suffering for cancer patients. It is a challenge for oncologists to address this troubling symptom with pharmacotherapy's limited evidence base. This paper systematically reviewed the literature for evidence of pharmacological treatment of sleep disturbances in this population. METHODS: We searched international and domestic databases using the search terms "cancer", "sleep disturbance", and "pharmacological intervention", limiting the search to English- and Korean-language articles published between 1980 and 2008. Included studies were intervention studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on pharmacological treatment for the sleep disturbance of adult patients suffering various medical conditions, including cancer. We graded the included studies according to Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN) methodology checklists. RESULTS: Of the 223 studies searched, we only 7 studies met the criteria : 1 systematic review and 6 (85.7%) intervention studies. Among currently prescribed medications for sleep disturbance, only a few have been studied in patients with cancer, and their long-term follow-up data was not available. CONCLUSION: Based on available literature, the evidence in favor of pharmacological treatment for sleep disturbance (in cancer patients) is weak. Further studies containing long-term follow-up data should be conducted.
Adult ; Checklist ; Humans ; Clinical Trial ; Stress, Psychological

42 patients with gonarthritis were diagnosed according to ARA standard at Bachmai Hospital. Gonarthritis is commonly seen in females age over 50 with 85,7%. Favorable factors of disease are working hard jobs with 64.3%, menopausal age is 80,6% and women had 3 children or over. Features of clinical and X-ray symptoms were not different previous studies.
Clinical Trial [Publication Type] ; X-Rays