The key and difficult point always on the way of projecting the rural cooperative medical system is to find out a reasonable fund-raising level and compensating rate according to local economic condition.A variety of trials and researches on the fund-raising system have been committed in Xihu district of Hangzhou,Zhejiang province since June,2003 when it was chosen as an experimental place for the new rural cooperative medical system.In this paper,two main patterns of fund-raising system are introduced with their effects compared as well.Based on the data-analyses,it comes the conclusion that the key to ensure the new rural cooperative medical system's stable execution and sustainable development is to establish a reasonable and long-lasting cooperative fund-raising system.Some advices are put forward in the end.

[Objective]To explore the clinical effect of prolapse of waist intervertebral disc treated with traction and massage.[Method]382 cases were randomly divided into treatment group (traction and massage) 272 cases and controlled group of (traction) 110 cases for comparison.[Result]After 15 days for clinical effect,treatment groups were better control.[Conclusion]Prolapse of waist intervertebral disc treated with traction massage was better than prolapse of waist intervertebral disc treated with traction.

[Objective] To explore the relativity between sPG and gastritis of H.pylori. [Method] Select 73 cases of chronic gastritis correctly diagnosed by gastric microscope and pathology, among which, 36 were chronic atrophic gastritis and 36 chronic superficial gastritis. 49 cases of positive H.pylori were administered with Lizhu Weisanlian tablets, measure the sPG before and after treatment. [Result] In the infected cases of H.pylori, PG Ⅰ was similar between atrophic gastritis and superficial gastritis; for PG Ⅱ value, atrophic gastritis group was more than superficial gastritis group, positive H.pylori patients higher than negative ones; PGR(PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ) was lower in atrophic gastritis group than superficial one, so was in positive H.pylori than negative one. After anti-H.pylori treatment, 87.75% patients were removed H.pylori, where the PG Ⅰ rose, PG Ⅱ lowered, PGR rose in atrophic gastritis group; in the superficial one where the H.pylori was not removed, no changes happened to PG Ⅰ, PG Ⅱ and PGR. In superficial gastritis group where the H.pylori was not removed, PGR rose. [Conclusion] H.pylori infection is correlated with sPG. Serum PG Ⅰ, PG Ⅱ and PGR have definite value in early diagnosing H.pylori concerned atrophic gastritis. PGR can be an index to evaluate the removal efficacy of H.pylori.

The traditional Chinese medicine Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., also known as Aralia mandshurica, has the effect of "tonifying Qi and calming the mind, strengthening the essence and tonifying the kidneys, and dispelling wind and invigorating blood circulation". It is used in the treatment of neurasthenia, Yang deficiency and Qi deficiency, kidney Qi deficiency, spleen Yang deficiency, water-dampness stagnation, thirst, and bruises. Aralia elata saponins are the main components for the pharmacological effects. From the perspective of modern pharmacological science, Aralia elata has a wide range of effects, including anti-myocardial ischaemia and alleviation of secondary myocardium ischemic reperfusion injury by regulating ionic homeostasis, anti-tumor activity by inhibiting proliferation, promoting apoptosis and enhancing immunity, hypoglycemia and lipid lowering effects by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, and hepato-protective, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory/analgesic effects. The studies on pharmacological mechanisms of Aralia elata will be conducive to its development and application in the future. This article reviews the research progress of Aralia elata domestically and internationally in the last two decades and proposes new directions for further research.
Aralia ; Yang Deficiency ; Apoptosis ; Saponins/pharmacology* ; Myocardial Ischemia

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of modified Yanghe Decoction (YHD) on the dose of glucocorticoid demanded in treating polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).

METHODSSixty-one patients with PMR were randomly assigned to two groups, the 32 patients in the treatment group treated with YHD two doses per day combined with prednisone and the 29 patients in the control group treated with prednisone alone. The dosage of prednisone used was started from 20 mg/d and decreased step by step as possible after 2 weeks according to patient's condition. The therapeutic course for them all was 12 weeks.

RESULTSThe therapeutic efficacy of PMR in the 32 patients of the treatment group was remission in 9 (28.1%), markedly effective in 15 (46.9%), effective in 7 (21.9%), and ineffective in 1 (3.1%), with the total effective rate of 96.9%; while that for the 29 patients of the control group, the corresponding numbers and percentages were 3 (10.3%), 11 (37.9%), 10 (34.5%), 5 (17.2%), and 82.8%. Compared with the control group, the treatment group can alleviate the activity of PMR more significantly (u = 2.109, P < 0.05) showing a greater and quicker decrease of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (t = 2.957, P < 0.05); and the dosage of prednisone demanded in the treatment group was reduced faster than that in the control group (t = 10.23, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONYHD was helpful to shorten the therapeutic course for PMR, decrease the dosage of glucocorticoid used and raise the therapeutic efficacy.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Polymyalgia Rheumatica ; drug therapy ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: This study aims to analyze the outcome of free perforator flap for repairing soft tissue defects on the dorsum of foot. Methods: Thirty-six patients with soft tissue defects on the dorsum of foot were treated at a single institution from March 2015 to September 2017. They were 20 males and 16 females, aged from 21 to 59 years old, with the mean age of 39.4 years. The causes of injury include crush injury (n=19), traffic injury (n=15), and electric injury (n=2). The injury site involves left foot (n=19) and right foot (n=17). The defect area of soft tissue was from 4.4 cm ×6.6 cm to 7.1 cm×16.2 cm in size. The vacuum sealing drainage dressing (VSD) was performed for all patients at the first stage of operation. The fracture and dislocated bone were fixed using Kirschner needle and plate screw. The ruptured tendon was repaired at the same time. The flap transplantation was performed at the second stage of operation. Twelve patients were treated with free anterolateral thigh perforator flap, 15 patients were treated with free sural artery perforator flap, and 9 were free peroneal perforator flap. The skin flap was from 4.9 cm× 7.2 cm to 7.9 cm × 17.8 cm in size. Results: All 36 flaps survived. The wounds of both donor and recipient area primarily healed, without infection or skin necrosis. The venous crisis occurred in 1 patient of anterolateral thigh flap and 1 patient of free medial sural flap within 24 hours after surgery. Both flaps survived after stitches removed and blood cleaned. All patients were followed up for 6—22 months, with an mean follow-up period of 9.8 months. Except for the swollen anterolateral thigh perforator flap in 2 patients, the other patients were satisfied with the shape of flap and in wearing shoes. The sensation of flap was good, and the two-point discrimination was 11—16 mm. There was no obvious dysfunction occurred in the donor site. Conclusions The free anterolateral thigh perforator flap, free sural artery perforator flap and free peroneal perforator flap are suitable for repairing soft tissue defects on the dorsum of the foot. A reasonable surgical plan can help to obtain satisfactory clinical outcome.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the impacts of abdominal acupuncture on serum leptin, adiponectin, total cholesterol and triglyceride in the patients of obesity induced by olanzapine.

METHODSEighty-six obesity patients induced by olanzapine were randomized into an observation group (47 cases) and a control group (39 cases). The healthcare guide and the adjustment on diet and physical exercise were given in the two groups. Additionally, in the observation group, the abdominal acupuncture therapy was applied to Zhongwan (CV 12), Xiawan (CV 10), Qihai (CV 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Tianshu (ST 25) and Shuidao (ST 28), once a day, 5 times a week. The treatment lasted for 3 months in the two groups. The body mass index (BMI), serum leptin, adiponectin, total cholesterol and triglyceride were compared before and after treatment in the patients of the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, BMI, serum leptin, total cholesterol and triglyceride were all lower than those before treatment in the patients of the two groups (all<0.05). Adiponectin was higher than that in the two groups before treatment (both<0.05). After treatment, BMI, serum leptin, total cholesterol and triglyceride in the observation group were apparently lower than those in the control group (all<0.05) and adiponectin was higher than that in the control group (<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAbdominal acupuncture regulates the transfer capacity of leptin signal and the secretion of adiponectin, promotes lipid metabolism and reduces the body mass in obesity patients induced by olanzapine.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of rapamycin on Parkinson's disease (PD) and its underlying mechanism in mice. METHODS: Sixty SPF adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and treatment group. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) was used to induce Parkinson's disease in model group and treatment group. All mice were trained to cross the runway and were subjected to computer-assisted CatWalk. The numbers of tyrosine hydroxylase positive (TH) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) were assessed by unbiased stereology using the optical fractionator method; protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis; and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected by spectrophotometry. RESULTS: In the model group, a decrease in stride rate and an increase in variation of stance and swing were noted by CatWalk system (<0.05 or <0.01); the numbers of TH neurons decreased (<0.01); expression of p-Akt, p-S6K, p-S6 and p-ULK increased (all <0.01); LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio decreased (<0.01); MDA level was elevated while the levels of SOD and GSH-PX were reduced (all <0.01). Compared with the model group, after treated with rapamycin, the abnormal behavior including the stride length, variation of stance and swing and step patterns induced by MPTP were all improved (<0.05 or <0.01); the numbers of TH neurons increased (<0.05); the expression of p-Akt, p-S6K, p-S6 and p-ULK was suppressed (all <0.01); the LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio was upregulated (<0.05); MDA level decreased while the levels of GSH-Px and SOD increased (all <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin inhibits the activation of mTOR pathway, which contributes to protect against the loss of dopaminergic neurons and provide behavioral improvements in mice with Parkinson's disease. These results are partially related to the ability of rapamycin in inducing autophagy and reducing oxidative stress.
Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Parkinson Disease ; drug therapy ; Random Allocation ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Substantia Nigra ; drug effects

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of brain-targeted rapamycin (T-Rap) in treatment of epilepsy in rats. METHODS: Rapamycin nanoparticles targeting brain were prepared. The epilepsy model was induced by injection of pilocarpine in rats. The rats with pilocarpine-induced epilepsy were treated with rapamycin (Rap group) or brain-targeted rapamycin (T-Rap group). Seizure activity was observed by electroencephalography; the effect on mTOR signaling pathway was detected by Western blot; neuronal death and moss fiber sprouting were analyzed by Fluoro-Jade B (FJB) and Timm's staining, respectively. RESULTS: Electroencephalography showed that both preparation of rapamycin significantly reduced the frequency of spontaneous seizures in rats, and the effect of T-Rap was stronger than that of conventional rapamycin (<0.05). Western blot showed that the phosphorylation levels of S6K and S6 in T-Rap group were lower than those in Rap group (all <0.05), indicating that T-Rap had a stronger inhibitory effect on mTOR signaling pathway. FJB staining showed that T-Rap significantly decreased neuronal death, but there was no significant difference as compared with Rap group. Timm's staining showed that both preparations of rapamycin significantly reduced the germination of mossy fibers, while the effect of T-Rap was more pronounced than Rap group (<0.05). The inhibition of body weight gain of T-Rap group was less than that of Rap group (<0.05). CONCLUSIONS T-Rap has a better therapeutic effect on epilepsy than conventional rapamycin with a less adverse effects in rats.
Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Pilocarpine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of licorice flavonoid (LF) on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure in mice and its mechanism.

METHODSMale adult ICR mice were injected with 25 mg/kg KA to induce temporal lobe seizure. LF was administrated 7 d before seizure induction (pre-treatment) or 24 h after seizure induction (post-treatment) for 7 d. Acute seizure latency, seizure stage and duration were observed and compared between LF- and vehicle-treated mice. From d2 on, mice with status epilepticus were video-monitored for spontaneous seizures, 10 h/d for 6 w. Immunohistochemical analysis of BrdU and Timm staining was conducted to detect the neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting, respectively.

RESULTSNo significant difference was observed in acute seizure latency, seizure stage and duration between LF-and vehicle-treated mice. KA-induced acute seizure resulted in spontaneous seizure in mice, and the seizure frequency was increased with time. Pre- and post-treatment with LF decreased seizure frequency from w3 after modeling [(0.58±0.15)/d, (0.38±0.38)/d vs (1.23±0.23)/d, P <0.05]. Furthermore, KA-induced seizure resulted in robust neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting, while treatment with LF both pre- and post- KA injection significantly inhibited neurogenesis (15.6±2.6, 17.1±3.1 vs 28.9±3.5, P <0.05) and mossy fiber sprouting (1.33±0.31, 1.56±0.42 vs 3.0±0.37, P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONLF has no significant anti-seizure effect. However, it can decrease epileptogenesis through inhibition of neurogenesis and mossy fiber sprouting.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Kainic Acid ; adverse effects ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal ; drug effects ; Neurogenesis ; drug effects ; Seizures ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Status Epilepticus ; drug therapy