Water soluble extract (WSE) is an important index for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix (AR). In this study, the WSE of the wild AR from Shanxi province (SX) and the cultivated AR from Gansu Province (GS) were compared. The WSEs of two types of AR were determined according to the appendix of Chinese pharmacopoeia. Then the WSEs were subjected to NMR analysis, and the obtained data were analyzed using HCA, PCA, OPLS-DA, microarray analysis, and Spearman rank analysis. In addition, the Pearson correlation of differential metabolites were also calculated. The results showed that the WSE content of GS-AR (37.80%) was higher than that of SX-AR (32.13%). The main constituent of WSE was sucrose, and other 18 compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, were also detected. Multivariate analysis revealed that SX-AR contained more choline, succinic acid, citric acid, glutamate, taurine and aspartate, while GS samples contained more sucrose, arginine and fumaric acid. In addition, the Pearson correlations between different metabolites of the two types of AR also showed apparent differences. The results suggested that the WSE of two types of AR differs not only in the content, but also in the chemical compositions. Thus, the cultivation way is important to the quality of AR. This study supplied a new method for the comparison of extract of herbal drugs.
Arginine ; analysis ; Aspartic Acid ; analysis ; Choline ; analysis ; Citric Acid ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Fumarates ; analysis ; Glutamic Acid ; analysis ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Multivariate Analysis ; Phylogeography ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Succinic Acid ; analysis ; Sucrose ; analysis ; Taurine ; analysis

BACKGROUND:Pore diameter,size and porosity of biomaterials are important for cell attachment,infiltration and growth.OBJECTIVE:To primarily evaluate the biocompatibility of novel bionic scaffold of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/sol gel bioactive glass (PHBV/SGBG) with nanostructure in vitro.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Cell-material experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Third Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from March to September 2006.MATERIALS:PHBV/SGBG was provided by the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering,South China University of Technology;bone marrow stroma cells (MSCs) were prepared by our team.METHODS:The standard concentration of PHBV/SGBG extracting solution should be 10 mL/ cm2 of the ratio of culture solution to material surface.PHBV/SGBG was immersed into the complete culture solution and incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 ℃ for 2-3 days.The extracting solution was drawn and stored under sterile condition.In addition,PHBV/SGBG extracting solution of 8,4,2,1,0.5,0.25 and 0.125 times of standard concentration was prepared.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:PHBV/SGBG ultrastructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy;PHBV/SGBG porosity was measured by routine measurement.MTT methods were used as a quantitative assessment for cytotoxicity of the biomaterials.Adherence and spreading of MSCs on the surface of specimen was observed using direct contact cultivation.RESULTS:The PHBV/SGBG was porous,with connecting pores under electron microscopy.Nanometer SGBG particles were imbedded or encapsulated in pore wall of PHBV,with the porosity ＞90%.The toxicity gradation of the novel bionic scaffold ranked from grade 0 to 1 at 1,3,5 days of culture.MSCs slightly attached and grew on the surface of the biomaterials,and proliferated rapidly.Obvious cell processes stretched into the micro-pores structure.CONCLUSION:The novel bionic scaffold of PHBV/SGBG has excellent cellular affinity,possibly due to the porous structure,with no cytotoxicity to MSCs.

Amines ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Amino Alcohols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Avidin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Crown Ethers ; Cyclodextrins ; chemistry ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; Polysaccharides ; Serum Albumin ; Stereoisomerism

Drug transporters and drag metabolic enzymes are crucial factors in the process of drug treatment.Rhein,as the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb,has a wide range of pharmacological activities.Previous studies have shown that rhein is closely related to drug transporters and metabolic enzymes,and can directly activate or inhibit the functions of a variety of transporters and their protein expression.Furthermore,rhein can inhibit the function and protein expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP450),a drug metabolizing enzyme.Thus,when rhein is combined with other drugs,the drug-drug interaction (DDI) may occur based on pharmacokinetic.This paper focuses on the distribution of drug transporters,metabolic enzymes,and the effects of rhein on transporters and metabolic enzymes.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the establishment and implementation effect of ECPR rapid response medical team in emergency department, and to explore a more efficient rescue mode.Methods:A total of 41 patients who started ECPR in the emergency room of a tertiary hospital in Beijing from November 2017 to September 2022 were selected as subjects. The 14 patients treated by the ECPR rapid response medical team in the emergency department were set as the experimental group, and the 27 patients treated by the ECPR team of the MDT mode led by the cardiac surgeon were set as the control group. The ECPR start-up time, pipeline pre-filling time, ECPR start-up to ECMO successful operation time, complication rate and treatment success rate were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the outcome between the two groups (all P>0.05), but the total time (min) of ECPR implementation by the rapid response medical team in the emergency department was shorter (20.86 ± 10.86 vs. 23.04 ± 11.40), the incidence of complications was lower, and the success rate of treatment was higher (28.57 % vs. 25.93 %). Conclusion:Establishing a mature ECPR rapid response team dominated by emergency medical care helps improve the rescue coordination and work efficiency, thereby providing the emergency protection and management of full -chain for the treatment of critical condition.

OBJECTIVETo understand the current status and relative factors of reproductive health (RH) on unmarried floating population.

METHODSBoth quantitative and qualitative surveys were employed. Quantitative survey would include questionnaire admimistration, physic examination and laboratory test while qualitative study including focus/nominal group discussion, individual and resource persons interview. All of the investigative targets were selected under informed consent.

RESULTSAmong 1333 investigated unmarried floating population, the mean score on knowledge of RH was 12.97 +/- 12.20 (the full score was 100). Among studied persons, 10.20% of them were in favor of unmarried sexual activity while 50.64% of them did not care about it and 26.90% of them had ever experienced sexual activity. Among females who experienced sexual activity, 25.45% of them had induced abortion. It was found, through multivariate logistic analysis, that sexual activity at younger age, less education, agreed on having sexual activity under partner's request, sexual activity in half of a year, and pregnancy were the major risk factors on RH of unmarried floating population.

CONCLUSIONThe problem on the current status of RH among unmarried floating population needs to be addressed as they were lack of knowledge on RH and having more risk factors on RH.

Abortion, Induced ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Female ; Health Status ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Sexual Behavior ; statistics & numerical data ; Single Person

This paper systematically summarized the core problems in the field of medical and health services and did the root analysis.It is concluded that the current domestic and international related medical service modes deviated from the essence of health services and led to difficulties in the idea and method,bringing people to new problems and new crises.KY3H health care service model,set innovative ideas,innovative technical methods,innovative products,innovative processes,standards and standards into one,by providing a full range and the whole cycle of people-oriented,self-help,"diagnosis and treatment of security" integration of health careservice,improve people's health status,fundamentally change the traditional passive "seeking medical treatment" service mode,to active "seeking one's own" health service mode,so as to achieve "health status continues to rise,the medical costs continue to decline,"which is the social development aims.The paper systematically analyzes the idea,operational logic,goal,mode structure,characteristics of the model,and its significance to individuals,industries,society,countries and even the international community in order to make a positive contribution to the healthy development strategy in China and provide a Chinese case for global Health.

Vigorously development of the health service industry has received great attention,but the health service industry faces many difficulties.By analyzing the current predicament,this paper put forward the KY3H health care service model and systematically analyzed its six innovations:from "disease as the center" to "health as the center",from "homogenized group health service" to "Personalized and Humanized Health Service",from "Extensive Health Service"to "Precise Intervention of Individual Health Status",from "Single Health Service" to "Trinity Service of Health,Culture,Health Management and Health Insurance",from the "seeking medical" service model to "seeking one's own"service model,as well as from the "fixed (fixed-time,fixed-point,fixed-mode) service" to "anytime,anywhere full-time service".This model has achieved initial success in practice.It is an important way to solve the dilemma.

Objective To analyze the changes of varicella outbreak in Minhang District before and after practicing "the varicella emergency vaccination implementation program (2013-2014 trial version),Shanghai",and to evaluate the effects of live attenuated vaccine against varicella.Methods We used cross-sectional investigation to collect monitoring data of vaticella outbreak recorded in "China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention".The observation periods before and after the implementation of the program were during 2012-01-01 to 2013-06-30 and during 2013-07-01 to 2014-12-31.Results Before the implementation of the program,14 cases of varicella epidemic were reported in Minhang District.All cases were up to the outbreaks in the epidemic,the longest duration was 82 days,the average duration continued was 50.86 days (912/14),the average cumulative generation was 2.42 generations (50.86/21),the total number of people was 159,the total incidence rate was 1.26％ (159/12 625),the class incidence rate was 9.09％ (159/1 750),the average number of people was 11.36 (159/14),the average number of class was 3.21 (45/14).After the implementation of the program,169 cases of the varicella epidemic were reported in Minhang District,only 22 cases rose to the outbreaks in the epidemic,the longest duration was 66 days,the average duration continued was 41.32 days (909/22),the average cumulative generation was 1.97 generations (41.32/21),the total number of people was 200,the total incidence rate was 1.10％ (200/18 200),the class incidence rate was 8.38％ (200/2 387),the average number of people was 9.09 (200/22),the average number of class was 2.50 (55/22);Although the varicella epidemic in the total outbreaks had significantly increased in Minhang District before and after emergency implementation,but the varicella outbreak in the varicella epidemic significantly decreased,the total incidence rate,the class incidence rate,the longest duration,the average duration,the average cumulative generation,the average number of people and the average number of class had decreased in varying degrees.There is statistical difference between the average duration before and after the implementation (x2 =4.06,P＜0.05).Conclusions Emergency vaccination of varicella vaccine in high risk population can effectively control the spread of epidemic situation and reduce the possibility of secondary transmission.

BACKGROUNDRecent studies have identified signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) as a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in different populations. In order to examine whether the allele distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in gene STAT4 rs7574865 in patients with SLE is different from those of healthy controls in Chinese Northern Han population, we investigated whether the variants of STAT4 rs7574865 were associated with any specific clinical features of SLE.

METHODSWe genotyped SNPs in STAT4 rs7574865 in 252 patients with SLE and 497 healthy controls. All subjects were from the Northern part of Chinese Han population. The genotypes in rs7574865 were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and consequence direct sequencing of PCR products in the DNA samples.

RESULTSThere was a significant difference in distribution of the SNPs in rs7574865 between the SLE patients and healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, there was a significant correlation between TT genotypes in rs7574865 and the risk of SLE when GG genotype was used as a reference genotype after adjusting for gender and age. The frequency of T allele in the SLE patients was strongly significantly higher than that of healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the distribution of SNP in rs7574865 between male and female SLE patients, when compared with healthy controls. The frequency of T allele in rs7574865 in male patients was significantly higher than that of male healthy controls or female patients. There was no significant correlation between the frequencies of T allele in STAT4 rs7574865 and the clinical features of SLE.

CONCLUSIONSThe SNP rs7574865 in STAT4 is strongly associated with risk of SLE in the Chinese Northern Han population. The TT genotype and T allele in STAT4 rs7574869 are susceptibility factors for SLE, especially for male SLE patients.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; STAT4 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; Young Adult