Objective To explore the effect of sodium ferulate injection on myocardial function in rat model with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Methods Selected 60 rats aged 7 ~8 weeks (7. 26 ± 0. 36 weeks averagely) and randomly divided them into the sham group, myocardial reperfusion group, and the sodium ferulate group, with 20 rats in each group. Observed the changes of the cardiac func-tion indexes of the two groups after perfusion. Results Compared with the sham group,the degree of LVESP and ± dp/dmax decreased sig-nificantly (P<0. 05) in the myocardial reperfusion group and the sodium ferulate group. The descending degree of LVESP and ± dp/dmax 2 hours after reperfusion in the reperfusion group was significantly higher than that in the sodium ferulate group (P<0. 05). Compared with the sham group,the LVEDP of the other two groups showed a rising trend,and it was significantly lower 2 hours after reperfusion in the sodium ferulate group compared to the reperfusion group (P<0. 05). Proportion of apoptosis cells increased in the reperfusion group and the sodium ferulate group,and positive expression rate of Fas in the sodium ferulate group was significantly lower than the reperfusion group (P<0. 05). LDH and CK-MB of content in the blood of rats were significant increased,and it was higer in the reperfusion group compared with the sodium ferulate group (P<0. 05). Compared with the sham group,SOD content in the reperfusion group and the sodium ferulate group decreased obviously (P<0. 05). The MDA content increased,but the degree of increase was lower in the sodium ferulate group (P<0. 05). Conclu-sion Sodium ferulate could protect the myocardial function in rat model with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion to a certain degree.

Objective To investigate the value of neuronavigation system in resection of pituitary adenoma through the endonasal transsphenoidal approach. Methods Twenty-one patients with pituitary adenomas underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or CT scans studies. The image datasets were transported into the neuronavigation system. The anatomic information of approach was reconstructed for three-dimensional visualization and the best approach was designed. The midline structure and internal carotid artery were displayed in real-time intraoperatively, the anterior-wall of sphenoidal sinus and the floor of sella were accurately opened and the tumor was resected guiding by neuronavigation system. Results All the operations were smoothly and accurately performed under the neuronavigation by transsphenoidal approach. No injury occurred in the internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus. After surgery, 13 patients got better vision and visual field. Postoperative transient diabetes insipidus was found in 11 cases, and CSF leak in 1 and serious hyponatremia in 2 cases. Total tumor removal was achieved in 17 patients and subtotal removal in 2 cases during operations, which were confirmed by postoperative MRI. Three-month follow-up data showed only one recurrence case (subtotal tumor removal), the recurrence rate was 4.8%. Conclusion Neuronavigation system provided real-time localization with three-dimensional anatomic information of the endonasal transsphenoidal approach during pituitary adenomas surgery. As a result, the approach proceeds more smoothly and accurately, the tumor can be resected more completely, the surgical injury and complications can also be reduced.

ObjectiveTo discuss the role of neuronavigaition technique in localizing and facilliating microsurgical resection of intracranial ateriovenous malformations (AVM) .Methods Forty-three cases with intracranial AVM treated microneurosurgically asisting by Stryker Leibinger neuronavigation system were retrospectively analyzed.Results After reaching neuronavigation calculated technical accuracy (less than 2 mm) and continual intraoperative navigating accuracy, all of the 43 AVM lesions were completely resected.In 41 patients, syptoms were significantly improved (95.4％) at discharge, new neurofuntion defection were found in 2 patients(4.6％) , no death occured.ConclusionNeuronavigation techniques helps the surgery in planning a precise surgical approach to the targeted AVM lesion and tracing the neurovascular structures ,improves the safety of the surgery and the functional outcome of the patients, contribute to lesion resection and reduce operative complications.

objective To explore the application of navigation-assited microsurgery resection of posterior fossa solid hemangioblastoma.Methods The data of 16 patients with posterior fossa solid hemangioblastoma treated by navigation-assited microsurgery were analyzed retrospectively,compared with 19 patiems treated by microsurgery who suffered the same disease in the similar location(control group).Results The tumors were totally resected successfully acompanied by minimal blood loss and shortening of the operation time,compared with the control group.Manipulation and removal of these tumors were actually easier,in addition,adjacent structures can avoid damage.Conclusions Navigation-assited microsurgery is useful technique to surgical resection of fossa solid hemangioblastoma by significantly reducing blood loss at the time of surgery and operation procedure time,avoiding damage to the adjacent structures,and reducing the surgery complications and mortality.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and one of the deadliest cancers worldwide.According to the distribution of tumor tissue,breast cancer can be divided into invasive and non-invasive forms.The cancer cells in invasive breast cancer pass through the breast and through the immune system or systemic circulation to different parts of the body,forming metastatic breast cancer.Drug resistance and distant metastasis are the main causes of death from breast cancer.Research on breast cancer has attracted extensive attention from researchers.In vitro construction of tumor models by tissue engineering methods is a common tool for studying cancer mechanisms and anticancer drug screening.The tumor microenvironment consists of cancer cells and various types of stromal cells,including fibroblasts,endothelial cells,mesenchymal cells,and immune cells embedded in the extracellular matrix.The extracellular matrix contains fibrin proteins(such as types Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅵ,and Ⅹcollagen and elastin)and glycoproteins(such as proteoglycan,laminin,and fibronectin),which are involved in cell signaling and binding of growth factors.The current traditional two-dimensional(2D)tumor models are limited by the growth environment and often cannot accurately reproduce the heterogeneity and complexity of tumor tissues in vivo.Therefore,in recent years,research on three-dimensional(3D)tumor models has gradually increased,especially 3D bioprinting models with high precision and repeatability.Compared with a 2D model,the 3D environment can better simulate the complex extracellular matrix components and structures in the tumor microenvironment.Three-dimensional models are often used as a bridge between 2D cellular level experiments and animal experiments.Acellular matrix,gelatin,sodium alginate,and other natural materials are widely used in the construction of tumor models because of their excellent biocompatibility and non-immune rejection.Here,we review various natural scaffold materials and construction methods involved in 3D tissue-engineered tumor models,as a reference for research in the field of breast cancer.