Objective To explore the correlation between cystatin C (Cys C) and intima-media thickness of carotid artery (CIMT) in patients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and one patients with hypertension (hypertension group) and 54 healthy people (control group) were enrolled in this study.The level of serum Cys C was measured and CIMT was detected by B ultrasound.The correlation between Cys C and CIMT was analyzed.Results The level of Cys C and CIMT in hypertension group were significantly higher than those in control group [(0.92 ±0.21) mg/L vs.(0.85 ±0.20) mg/L,(0.91 ±0.16) mm vs.(0.65 ± 0.15) mm] (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Multiple linear correlation analysis showed that Cys C and CIMT was positively correlated in total population or hypertension group or control group (r =0.412,0.443,0.315,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Serum Cys C is associated with the degree of hypertension arteriosclerosis,and Cys C may be involved in atherosclerosis.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.001

AIM: To examine the effects of monocyte-endothelium interaction on the expression of CD36 in monocytes and observe the functions of cytokines in this process. METHODS: The monocytes and endothelial cells were cultured alone or cocultured together to form different cell culture conditions. The level of M-CSF in culture medium was determined by enzyme linked immune sandwich assay(ELISA) technique, and the expression of CD36 in monocytes was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The expression of CD36 in monocytes was low in monocytes cultured alone but increased significantly when monocytes and endothelial cells were cocultured(P

Objective To investigate and analyze the mineral and bone disorder (MBD) in the patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD),reveal the change of related indexes of CKD-MBD.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.From October 2011 to May 2014,1318 inpatients and hemodialysis outpatients were enrolled.Parameters related to MBD,including serum phosphorus (P),total calcium (t-Ca),intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were analyzed.Last,it was analyzed with multiple regression analysis to related factors of the secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in patients with CKD.Results Serum calcium,phosphorus and iPTH had no obvious abnormalities at the early stages of CKD [GFR ＞ 60 ml· min-1· (1.73 m2)-1],and relatively stable before GFR ＞ 30 ml· min-1· (1.73m2)-1.After entering the CKD4 stage,serum phosphorus,iPTH increased sharply and serum calcium decreased obviously along with the decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).Serum P,t-Ca and iPTH levels were statistically significant in CKD 1 to 5D patients,respectively,serum P:(1.13±0.20) mmol/L,(1.14±0.22) mmol/L,(1.26±0.23) mmol/L,(1.48±0.34) mmol/L,(2.05±0.61) mmol/L and (2.08±0.58)mmol/L;serum t-Ca (mmol/L) (2.35±0.13) mmol/L,(2.35±0.12) mmol/L,(2.35±0.15) mmol/L,(2.26± 0.18) mmol/L,(2.07±0.29) mmol/L and (2.31±0.26) mmol/L;iPTH:57.8(45.6,91.8) ng/L,54.1(37.8,74.6) ng/L,71.6(45.8,102.2) ng/L,131.1(81.7,205.1) ng/L,277.5(173.6,395.3) ng/L and 354.9 (194.4,720.3) ng/L;The stepwise logistic regression analysis showed:hypocalcemia (OR=3.32,P ＜ 0.01) and decreased GFR (OR=5.28,P ＜ 0.01) were independent risk factors of iPTH elevation at stage CKD3～ 5.Conclusions From the beginning of the CKD3 stage,serum t-Ca,P,iPTH level began to be relatively abnormal as renal function declined.Hyperphosphatemia,SHPT has not been improved significantly in CKD5D stage patients even with hemodialysis.The regulation of hemodialysis on serum calcium showed overcorrecting phenomenon.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of ¹⁸F-labeled PSMA PET/CT for regional lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang database from January 1, 2000 to May 31, 2021 for the studies about the diagnosis of ¹⁸F-labeled PSMA PET/CT for regional lymph node metastasis and staging in prostate cancer. Two investigators screened literature, extracted relevant data and assessed the quality of the literature independently. The meta-analysis was performed using Meta-disc 1.4 and Stata 16.0 software. Results A total of 8 studies were finally included for the analysis, consisting of 754 prostate cancer patients and 2101 lymph nodes. The results of this meta-analysis showed pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio, pooled negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic ratio were 0.82 (95%CI: 0.61-0.93), 0.98 (95%CI: 0.91-1.00), 45.7 (95%CI: 9.0-231.3), 0.18 (95%CI: 0.07-0.45) and 251 (95%CI: 34-1851), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.97 (95%CI: 0.95-0.98). Conclusion ¹⁸F-labeled PSMA PET/CT has a high diagnostic value for regional lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for preoperative localization of epileptogenic foci in refractory epilepsy patients with negative MRI. Methods:Clinical data (550 lobes) of 55 epilepsy patients (38 males, 17 females, age (20.0±8.1) years) with negative MRI who underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT-MRI between January 2014 and June 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University were retrospectively analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 18F-FDG PET/CT, video electroencephalogram (VEEG), PET/CT+ VEEG and PET/CT-VEEG for localizing epileptogenic foci were calculated using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and the outcomes of at least 1 year of postoperative follow-up as reference standards. χ2 test was used to compare the efficiencies of different examination modalities for unilobar, multilobar and all patients. Results:The correct lateralization rate of epileptogenic foci was 92.6%(25/27) using PET/CT. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of PET/CT for localization of epileptogenic foci were 65.1%(54/83), 77.9%(364/467), 76.0%(418/550), 34.4%(54/157) and 92.6%(364/393), respectively. The sensitivities of PET/CT-VEEG for localization of epileptogenic foci in all patients and patients with multilobar epilepsy were higher than those of VEEG alone (75.9%(63/83) vs 45.8%(38/83), 68.6%(35/51) vs 31.4%(16/51); χ2 values: 15.80, 14.16, both P<0.001). The specificities of PET/CT+ VEEG for localization of epileptogenic foci in all patients and patients with unilobar epilepsy were higher than those of VEEG alone (97.6%(456/467) vs 94.6%(442/467), 97.9%(282/288) vs 94.1%(271/288); χ2 values: 5.66, 5.48; P values: 0.017, 0.019). The sensitivity of PET/CT-VEEG (PET/CT and VEEG concordance) for localization of epileptogenic foci was higher than that of PET/CT+ VEEG (PET/CT and VEEG discordance) (8/9 vs 28.4%(21/74); χ2=10.40, P=0.001), and its specificity and accuracy were higher than those of PET/CT-VEEG (PET/CT and VEEG discordance) (93.4%(57/61) vs 71.7%(291/406), 92.9%(65/70) vs 72.1%(346/480); χ2 values: 13.23, 13.96; both P<0.001). Conclusions:18F-FDG PET/CT can localize and lateralize epileptogenic foci in patients with negative MRI. The combination of 18F-FDG PET/CT and VEEG improves the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for epileptogenic foci detection. 18F-FDG PET/CT is more accurate in detecting epileptogenic foci when it is concordant with VEEG.

Objective:To Investigate the correlation of eosinophil count and stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods:Patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 h after onset admitted to the Department of Encephalopathy, Suzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from August 2016 to September 2018 were enrolled prospectively. Their general clinical data and eosinophil counts were collected. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the severity of stroke. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for SAP. Results:A total of 521 patients were enrolled, including 106 (20.35%) SAP. Univariate logistic analysis showed that SAP was associated with the classification of eosinophil count (odds ratio [ OR] 0.37, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 0.20-0.68; P=0.001), and tended to be associated with eosinophil count ( OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01-1.01; P=0.051). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that both eosinophil count and eosinophil count classification were not the independent risk factors for SAP, and advanced age ( OR 1.077, 95% CI 1.045-1.109; P< 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( OR 6.931, 95% CI 1.295-37.106; P=0.024) and high baseline NIHSS score ( OR 1.148, 95% CI 1.003-1.314; P=0.045) were significantly independently associated with SAP. Conclusions:Eosinophil count was not an independent predictor of SAP in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To establish a pseudovirus system for phenotypic drug-resistance detection and provide a relatively cheap and easy method for drug-resistance testing. Methods EGFP gene was amplified from plasmid pSV-EGFP and then cloned to backbone plasmid pNL4-3.Luc. E-R-by double enzyme digestion;env gene was amplified from RNA isolated from HIV-1-infected persons and cloned to eukaryotic expression plasmid cells and EGFP or ENV expression. Pseudovirus was produced by co-transfection of two recombinant plasmids to 293t cells. Infection of pseudovirus was determined by co-cultured with TZM-b1 cells and immunofluorescent test. Results Two recombinant plasmids(mass ratio,pcDNA3.1-env:pNL4-3.EGFP.E-R-.=2:1)were co-transfected to 293t cells. Cultured supernatants containing pseudovirus were harvested at 48 h post-transfection. Fluorescence was observed in TZM-b1 cells after TZM-b1 cells were infected with pseudovirus at 48 h post-infection. Conclusion The recombinant pseudovirus carrying EGFP gene is constructed successfully and it could be used for phenotypic drug-resistance detection.

Oligoasthenospermia is the primary cause of infertility. However, there are still enormous challenges in the screening of critical candidates and targets of oligoasthenospermia owing to its complex mechanism. In this study, stem cell factor (SCF), c-kit, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) biosensors were successfully established and applied to studying apoptosis and autophagy mechanisms. Interestingly, the detection limit reached 2.787 × 10^-15 g/L, and the quantitative limit reached 1.0 × 10^-13 g/L. Furthermore, biosensors were used to investigate the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis. Schisandrin A is an excellent candidate to form a system with c-kit similar to SCF/c-kit with a detection constant (K_D) of 5.701 × 10^-11 mol/L, whereas it had no affinity for SCF. In addition, it also inhibited autophagy in oligoasthenospermia through antagonizing TRPV1 with a K_D of up to 4.181 × 10^-10 mol/L. In addition, in vivo and in vitro experiments were highly consistent with the biosensor. In summary, high-potency schisandrin A and two potential targets were identified, through which schisandrin A could reverse the apoptosis caused by excessive autophagy during oligoasthenospermia. Our study provides promising insights into the discovery of effective compounds and potential targets via a well-established in vitro-in vivo strategy.