AIM: To explore the change of the amount of GLUT4 protein at the plasma membrane of the rat skeletal muscle after high-fat feeding. METHODS: The animals were divided into three groups (ten for each): group I: control; group II: high-fat feeding; group III: high-fat feeding + dietary treatment. The rat model of insulin resistance (IR) was made by feeding high-fat diet for eight weeks. And then insulin-resistant rats were fed with chow diet for 4 weeks. Fasting plasma glucose and fasting serum insulin levels were measured before and after dietary treatment, respectively. Insulin treatment was achieved by intraperitoneal injection of insulin (10 unit insulin per kg body weight) 15 minutes before killing the animals. The right hindlimb skeletal muscle was rapidly dissected. Then the expression of GLUT4 protein at the plasma membrane in all the animals was assessed with Western bloting. RESULTS: The GLUT4 content at the plasma membrane in high-fat-fed rat skeletal muscle was significantly lower (about 31%) than that in controls (P

Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in the skeletal system of minors .The five-year survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma is significanty improved by neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgery.However,its mortality and morbidity rates remain quite high .With the development of molecular bi-ology and genetics ,gene therapy provides a new hope for patients with osteosarcoma .Researchers at home and a-broad have actively explored effective therapeutic targets .In this paper ,new progress in the study of gene -targe-ted therapy for osteosarcoma is reviewed .

Objective To study the telomerase activity in the tissue adjacent to bladder cancer and to investigate its clinical significance. Methods Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification PCR (TRAP) assay. The telomerase activity in the tissue adjacent to bladder cancer was evaluated. Results Telomerase activity was positive in the tissue samples adjacent to bladder cancer in 10 of the 24 cases(42%). Telomerase activity in the adjacent tissue has been related with the tumour grades and stages. The tumour recurrence was also related with the telomerase activity in the adjacent tissue. Conclusions The detection of telomerase activity in the tissue adjacent to bladder cancer could be a prognostic marker for bladder tumor recurrence.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of desflurane on the brain against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the underlying mechanism. Methods Ninety-six male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 24 each) : group A sham operation; group B I/R; group C desflurane + I/R and group D 5-HD + desflurane + I/R. I/R was induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries combined with controlled hypotension for 10 min. In C group 1 MAC desflurane (5.9% ) was inhaled for 60 min before I/R. In group D 5-HD 5 mg?kg-1 was given i.v. before desflurane inhalation. The animals recovered from anesthesia at 30 min of reperfusion. The neurological behavior was evaluated by the clambering test, the overhanging test, the inclined plane test and the beam balance test. Animals were killed at 6, 24 and 48 h ( n = 8 each) of reperfusion in each group and the brains were removed for microscopic examination of area CA1 of hippocampus for the number of normal pyramidal neurons surviving I/R. Results Neurological behavior was greatly compromised by I/R at 6, 24 and 48 h of reperfusion. The animals behaved significantly better at 6,24 and 48h in C group but only at 6 h in D group than in B group. The number of normal pyramidal neurons in CA1 of hippocampus was significantly decreased by I/R at 6, 24 and 48 h of reperfusion. The number was significantly larger at 6, 24 and 48 h in C group but only at 6h in D group than in B group. Conclusion Desflurane preconditioning has protective effect on the brain against I/R injury. Activation of KATP channel is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effects of aerosolized prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) inhalation on oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt in acute lung injury (ALI) .Methods Eighteen healthy male pigs weighing 14-18 kg were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 50 mg?kg-1, intubated and mechanically ventilated (VT=10-15 ml?kg-1, RR= 16 bpm, FiO2=100%) . PaCO2 was maintained at 34-45 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with intravenous infusion of ketamine-procaine-succinyl-choline. Swan-Ganz catheter was placed via right femoral vein. Right femoral artery was cannulated for BP monitoring and blood sampling. ALI was induced by intratracheal instillation of HCl (0.1 mol?L-1) until PaO2 was

Objective: To explore the effects of different proportions of Fructus Cnidii (Shechuangzi) and Psoralea corylifolia (Buguzhi) on highly metastatic human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231BO and bone marrow stromal cell line ST-2 in vitro. Methods: Thirty-six female SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups to prepare the drug-medicated sera by administering with different proportions of Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia, including 4:0 group, 3:1 group, 1:1 group, 1:3 group, 0:4 group and control group. MDA-MB-231BO cells and ST-2 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing drug-medicated serum. Inhibition rates of MDA-MB-231BO cells and ST-2 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method; migration ability of MDA-MB-231BO cells was tested by a cell migration experiment; alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) of ST-2 cells was measured by using 4-nitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt, and mineralized nodule formation of ST-2 cells was measured by alizarin red staining. Results: Sera contaning different proportions of Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia inhibited the migration activity of MDA-MB-231BO cells as compared with the blank serum, and serum contaning Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea Corylifolia at proportion of 1:1 had the best function (P<0.01). Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia at ratio of 1:1 also enhanced the ALP activity of ST2 cells (P<0.05) and increased the number of mineralized nodules of ST2 cells (P<0.01). Conclusion: Kidney-warming recipe of Fructus Cnidii and Psoralea corylifolia can inhibit proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231BO cells and increase the activity of ST-2 cells.

Objective To investigate the effects of desflurane on the delayed rectifier potassium current (Ik ) in acutely dissociated rat parietal cortical neurons. Methods Wistar rats between 10- and 14-day old of both sexes were used. The parietal cortical neurons were acutely dissociated enzymatically. The extracellular fluid saturated with 0.3,0.6 and 0.9 mmol/L desflurane was added to the culture dish, then the effects of different concentrations of desflurane on Ik were investigated by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in acutely dissociated rat parietal cortical neurons. Results IK was inhibited by desflurane in a concentration-dependent manner ( P ＜0.01). The V1/2 of the activation and inactivation curves and the slop factor had no change after giving 0.6 mmol/L desflurane (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Desflurane inhibits delayed rectifier potassium channels of parietal cortical neurons of rats in a concentration-dependent manner, and has no effect on the activation and inactivation of delayed rectifier potassium channels, indicating that the change in the excitability of the channel is not involved in the mechanism of inhibitory effect of desflurane, and the other reasons may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms of effect of glycogen synthase kinase -3beta( GSK3β) on proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells .Methods Normal osteoblast hFO and osteosarcoma cell lines were examined for GSK 3βexpression and activity by Western blot and in vitro kinase assay ( NIRKA) . The effects of small molecule GSK3βinhibitors on cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined .Depletion of en-dogenous GSK3βby GSK 3βsiRNA detected the expression and phosphorylation of p 27 and its downstream cy-clinD1-CDK-Rb pathway factor by Western blot .Human osteosarcoma cell xenografts ,in athymic mice model , were treated with DMSO as control or with GSK 3βinhibitor SB-216763 or AR-A014418 by intraperitoneal in-jection,3 times a week.The tumor growth and body weight were observed in nude mice .Results Osteosarcoma cell lines showed increased GSK 3βexpression and decreased serine 9 phosphorylation compared with normal oste-oblast cells.Inhibition of GSK3βresulted in attenuated cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in most osteosar-coma cell lines in vitro and in vivo in MG 63 xenografts in rodents but not in hFOB cells .We decreased endoge-nous GSK3b activity,tumor growth was inhibited in SB216763,AR -A014418 group compared with control group.There was statistical significance(P<0.05).GSK3βinhibition in osteosarcoma cells was associated with decreased p27 expression, Rb expression and phosphorylation level of decline , CDK2, 4, 6 protein level de-creased,the upregulation of cyclin D1 expression but the phosphorylation level of no effect .Conclusion In this research,we demonstrate that deregulated GSK 3βsustains osteosarcoma cells survival through modulation of p27and cyclinD1-CDK-Rb pathway.The result will open up a potential target for clinical treatment of osteosar -coma.

AIM:To observe the effects of normal mesenteric lymph (NML) on the lung, heart and liver inju-ries and the phosphorylation levels of p 38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ( MAPK) , extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the mice with endotoxic shock (ES).METHODS: The NML was drained form health male BALB/c mice for the intervention of ES after the removal of cellular constituent .Lipopolysaccha-ride (LPS, 35 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into the mice for the establishment of ES model .After 60 min of LPS injection, the administration of NML (1/15 of whole blood volume) was performed through the femoral artery in NML +ES group.Meanwhile, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored during the experiment .At 6 h after intraperitoneal in-jection of LPS or the corresponding time point , blood samples were harvested from the heart through apical centesis for de-termination of the biochemical indexes to reflect myocardial and hepatocyte injuries .Simultaneously , the lung , heart and liver tissue specimens from a fixed location were harvested for the observation of histomorphology and the measurement of phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK.RESULTS:Compared with sham shock (SS) group, MAP in ES group and NML+ES group remarkably decreased at multiple time points after intraperitoneal injection of LPS .However, MAP in NML+ES group at 80 min, 90 min, 190 min, 210 min, 240 min, 250 min, 340 min, 350 min, and 360 min were significantly increased compared with ES group .There were normal structures in the lung , liver and myocardium of the mice in SS group, while the morphological damages of these tissues appeared in ES group .Meanwhile, the damages were attenuated in the mice of NML +ES group.The activities of AST , ALT and CK-MB in the plasma in ES group were remark-ably higher than those in SS group .The CK-MB activity in NML+ES group was also increased compared with SS group , and the activities of AST and LDH-1 were lower than those in ES group .At 6 h after LPS injection , the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK in the lung tissues were remarkably increased .Meanwhile , no statistical difference of these indexes between the myocardial and hepatic tissues was observed .NML intervention decreased the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK in the lung tissues , and p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK in the myocardial tissues .CONCLUSION:The NML administration alleviates multi-organ injuries and reduces the phosphorylation level of p 38 MAPK in the lung tis-sues in the mice subjected to ES .

Objective To explore SIRT4 gene expression in tumor tissue and investigate the clinicol-pathological features in osteosarcoma .Methods In this study ,SIRT4 protein expression was detected in 106 os-teosarcoma tissues and 36 paired neighboring non -tumorous tissues by immunohistochemistry and determined the correlation between the SIRT 4 expression and the clinicopathological features .Results SIRT4 protein was dra-matically decreased in osteosarcoma cells compared with neighboring non -tumorous bone cells .The low expres-sion of SIRT4 was notably associated with a poor overall survival and disease -free survival in osteosarcoma pa-tients.By using univariate and multivariate analyses ,we confirmed that the increased SIRT 4 expression was an in-dependent factor in predicting better prognosis for patients .Conclu is on SIRT4 expression might be an inde-pendent biomarker for prognostic evaluation of osteosarcoma .