Objective To investigate self-management behaviors of kidney transplantation recipients after discharge.Methods A total of 97 kidney transplantation recipients were recruited from a teaching hospital of Peking University From September 2009 to June 2012,and all eligible subjects were then assigned to 3 groups:post-transplantation less than 6 months group (group A),post-transplantation 6-12 months group (group B),and post-transplantation more than 12 months group (group C).The subjects were required to complete self-management scale for renal transplant recipients.ANOVA was used for data analysis.Results There were 32 patients in group A,31 in group B,and 34 in group C.Self-management behavior score of the participants of the three groups was 100.1 ± 7.0,99.0 ± 7.3 and 91.3 ± 5.8,respectively (F =3.53,P =0.03).In terms of diet,group B got the highest score (F =16.41,P =0.00).However,group A showed excellence in physical activities (F =11.50,P =0.00).For three groups,score of drug effect and side effect was 2.00 ±0.00,2.03 ±0.18,and 2.41 ±0.50; score of routine laboratory values was 2.00 ±0.00,2.05 ± 0.16 and 2.82 ±0.39; and score of skin protection was 3.09 ±0.30,3.03 ± 0.91,and 2.85 ±0.36,respectively.Conclusions Post-transplantive self-management behavior of patients who completed the surgery for more than 12 months may not be better than others.Healthcare professionals need to improve patients' self-management through health education.

Objective To investigate human papilloma virus(HPV) infection in normal endometrium, atypi-cal hyperplasia of endometrium and endometrial carcinoma. Methods By the nucleic acid hybridization,we detected 28 pairs of endometrial carcinomas, 21 pairs of atypical hyperplasia of endometrium. Normal endometrium from 16 pa-tients with uterine myomas were as control. Results HPV16/18 DNA was detected in 25 endometrial carcinoma and 2 atypical hyperplasia of endometrium and 1 normal endometrium. Conclusions Endometrial carcinoma HPV16/18 DNA were significantly higher than those infected with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and normal endometrium. Note the occurrence of endometrial cancer,the development may be associated with HPV infection.

Objective: To establish the method for determination of methyl acrylate, methybenzene, o dimethylb, m dimethy, p dimethy and phenylethene in Kechuanning Capsules(Papaver nudicaule) by chromatography. Methods: The GC system consisted of stainless steel column, 3.5% organic bentonite and 2.5% DNP as the solid phase, nitrogen as the carrier gas, and FID as the detector. Results: The contents of all the determined substances in Kechuanning Capsules are lower than 20mg?g -1 . Conclusion: The method is sensitive, accurate and reproducible, and it can be used to control the quality of the preparation.

Background: To date, consistent data have not been reported on the association between serum amyloid A (SAA) levels and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to systematically summarize their relationship. Methods: Databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and MEDLINE were searched until August 2021. Cross-sectional and case-control studies were included. Results: Twenty-one studies with 1,780 cases and 2,070 controls were identified. SAA levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients than in healthy groups (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39 to 0.98). A subgroup analysis showed that the mean age of participants and the continent that participants were from were related to differences in SAA levels between cases and controls. Furthermore, in T2DM patients, SAA levels were positively associated with body mass index (r=0.34; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.66), triglycerides (r=0.12; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.24), fasting plasma glucose (r=0.26; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.45), hemoglobin A1c (r=0.24; 95% CI, 0.16 to 0.33), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (r=0.22; 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.34), C-reactive protein (r=0.77; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.91), and interleukin-6 (r=0.42; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.54), but negatively linked with highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (r=–0.23; 95% CI, –0.44 to –0.03). Conclusion The meta-analysis suggests that high SAA levels may be associated with the presence of T2DM, as well as lipid metabolism homeostasis and the inflammatory response.

Objective To establish cell strain expressing the genes of HIV vpr and mutant HIV vpr-FS, and to explore cell apoptosis ability by HIV Vpr and Vpr-FS. Methods The recombinant plasmids were constructed by cloning HIV vpr and HIV vpr-FS genes into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1respectively. To determine the primary structures of HIV vpr and HIV vpr-FS, plasmids were cleaved by restriction enzymes. After the plasmids were transfected into HeLa cells by liposome, the HeLa cells were selected with G418 selective medium, mRNA expression of HIV vpr or HIV vpr-FS of transfected cells was detected by RT-PCR, and Vpr and Vpr-FS protein expression were detected by Western blot assay respectively. The DNA content and the percentage of apoptosis in HeLa HIV vpr cell, HeLa HIV vpr-FS cell and HeLa pcDNA3.1 cell were monitored by flow cytometry and the DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results BamH Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ cleavaged products of pcDNA3.1-vpr and pcDNA3.1-vpr-Fincluded 342 bp length fragments suggesting that the length of DNA sequence containing HIV vpr (HIV vpr-FS) within pcDNA3.1 was the same as theoretical length. The HeLa cells transfected by pcDNA3.1-vpr or pcDNA3, l-vpr-FS and selected with G418 could express HIV vpr or HIV vpr-FS by RT-PCR, and express HIV Vpr or HIV Vpr-FS protein by Western blot. The results of flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation showed that there was significant different in the number of apoptotic cells between HeLa HIV vpr cell and HeLa HIV vpr-FS cell, but the difference between HeLa HIV vpr-FS cell and control group was not obvious. Conclusion Recombinant plasmids pcDNA3.1-vpr and pcDNA3. 1-vpr-FS were constructed successfully, and the cell strain expressing HIV Vpr and HIV Vpr-FS proteins was established. The HIV Vpr could induce host cell apoptosis, while the mutant of Vpr did not or weakened this ability. This study provides foundation for further study on HIV vpr gene.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Xuezhikang (XZK) on serum levels of high sensitivity-C reactive protein (Hs-CRP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and lipoprotein in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODSSixty-nine ACS patients were divided into the XZK group (40 cases) treated with conventional therapy and XZK and the control group (29 cases) with conventional therapy alone, another 30 healthy persons were assigned as the normal group. Before and after the treatment, the levels of Hs-CRP, MMP-9 and lipids were detected.

RESULTSCompared with those in the normal subjects, Hs-CRP and MMP-9 levels in the ACS patients increased significantly (P <0.05), parallel with the extent of myocardial injury. After 2 weeks of XZK treatment, levels of Hs-CRP and MMP-9 of the XZK group decreased significantly (P <0.05), while lipids levels had no remarkable changes.

CONCLUSIONHs-CRP and MMP-9 levels were closely correlated to the genesis and severity of ACS. Anti-inflammatory action of XZK plays an important role in early stage treatment of ACS patients.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; drug therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Angina, Unstable ; blood ; drug therapy ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; blood ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; blood ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Triglycerides ; blood

ObjectiveBased on ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS^E） technique， we identified qualitatively the metabolites of aristolochic acid（AAs） in rat in order to analyze the metabolic differences between water extract of Aristolochiae fructus（AFE） and Aristolochic acid Ⅰ（AAⅠ）. MethodSD rats were selected and administered AFE（110 g·kg^-1·d^-1） or AAⅠ（5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） by oral for 5 days， respectively. Serum， urine and feces were collected after administration. Through sample pretreatment， ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column（2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.7 μm） was used with the mobile phase of 0.01% formic acid methanol（A）-0.01% formic acid water（B， containing 5 mmol·L^-1 ammonium acetate） for gradient elution（0-1 min， 10%B； 1-7 min， 10%-75%B； 7-7.2 min， 75%-95%B； 7.2-10.2 min， 95%B； 10.2-10.3 min， 95%-10%B； 10.3-12 min， 10%B） at a flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1. Positive ion mode of electrospray ionization（ESI⁺） was performed in the scanning range of m/z 100-1 200. In combination with UNIFI 1.9.4.053 system， the Pathway-MS^E was used to qualitatively analyze and identify the AAs prototype and related metabolites in biological samples（serum， urine and feces）， and to compare the similarities and differences of metabolites in rats in the subacute toxicity test between AFE group and AAⅠ group. ResultCompared with AAⅠ group， 6， 10， 13 common metabolites and 14， 20， 30 unique metabolites were identified in biological samples（serum， urine and feces） of AFE group， respectively. Moreover， the main AAs components always followed the metabolic processes of demethylation， nitrate reduction and conjugation. Compared with common metabolites in AAⅠ group， prototype components of AAⅠ in serum and most metabolic derivatives of AAⅠ［AAⅠa， aristolochic lactam Ⅰ（ALⅠ）a， 7-OHALⅠ and its conjugated derivatives］ in biological samples were significantly increased in AFE group（P<0.05， P<0.01）， except that the metabolic amount of ALⅠ in feces of AFE group was remarkably lowed than that of AAⅠ group（P<0.01）. In addition， a variety of special ALⅠ efflux derivatives were also identified in the urine and feces of the AFE group. ConclusionAlthough major AAs components in AFE all show similar metabolic rules as AAⅠ components in vivo， the coexistence of multiple AAs components in Aristolochiae Fructus may affect the metabolism of AAⅠ， and achieve the attenuating effect by increasing the metabolic effection of AAⅠ and ALⅠ.