Objective:To investigate the effect of perineural invasion (PNI) on patients with early squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (ESCCT) and the controversial issues related to PNI's effect on loco-regional recurrence, cervical lymph node metastases, and prognosis. Methods:Data of 156 patients with ESCCT were analyzed. Two subgroups comprising 40 patients each were investigated. One was PNI-positive subgroup, and the other subgroup was consisted of patients with PNI-negative carcinomas. These patients had similar histopathological characteristics and were randomly selected from the total number of cases. The relationship among the prevalence of PNI, loco-regional recurrence, cervical lymph node metastases, and prognosis was analyzed. Results:PNI was significantly correlated with high cervical lymph node metastases and poor 5-year survival rates (P=0.045 and P=0.034, respectively) but not with local recurrence (P=0.531). Elective neck dissection was considerably associated with a low risk of regional recurrence among the PNI-positive ESCCT patients (P=0.001). Conclusion:PNI should be considered as a predictor for high cervical lymph node metastases and poor 5-year survival of early tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Elective neck lymph node dissection should be performed among patients with PNI-positive early tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To construct a human endostatin adenovirus vector and investigate its inhibitory effect on pancreatic carcinoma in nude mice.Methods Animal model of pancreatic carcinoma bearing nude mice was established by subcutaneous injection of SW1990 cells.All mice were randomized into Ad-hEnd group,Ad-LacZ group and control group with 8 mice in each group.The endostatin gene recombinant adenovirus were intratumorally injected every two days for 4 times.The rate of tumor growth was observed.lmmunohistochemical staining was employed to investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and micro-vessel density (MVD).TUNEL in situ was used to examine tumor cell apoptosis.Results The tumor formation rate was 100%.4 weeks later,the volumes of the tumors were (921.9±279.7 )mm3,(2804.4±553.5 )mm3 and ( 3040.6±487.6 ) mm3 in Ad-hEnd group,Ad-LacZ group and control group,respectively;the weights of the tumors were (1.19±0.18 ) g,( 2.38±0.42 ) g and ( 2.41±0.47 ) g,respectively;the VEGF positive rates were (36.3±7.1 )%,(81.2±6.6)% and (79.4±6.2)%,respectively;the levels of MVD were 12±4,27±5 and 25±6,respectively;the apoptotic rates were (31.2 ±5.4) %,( 9.4±4.9 ) % and ( 8.5±3.7 ) %,respectively.Compared with Ad-LacZ group and control group,the parameters in Ad-hEnd group were statistically different (P ＜0.01 ).The difference betweon Ad-LacZ group and control group was not statistically different.Conclusions Human endostatin gene mediated by recombinant adenovirus could inhibit tumor growth,angiogenesis and promote cell apoptosis of pancreatic carcinoma and could be used as geue therapy for pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the methylation status of E-cadherin(E-cad), p16, RASSF1A, DAPK and MGMT in histologically normal salivary gland tissues and provide reference for determination of the methylation status of salivary gland tumors.Methods Methylation of E-cad, p16, RASSF1A,DAPK and MGMT was analyzed using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction ( MSP) .The results were compared with the methylation status of these genes in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma ( ACC) tumor tissues in our previous studies and the association between promoter methylation of E-cad, p16, RASSF1A, DAPK, and MGMT on one hand and the patients′gender, age, smoking and types of gland on the other hand was also analyzed .Results Promoter methylation was detected in 8 of the 60 (13%) salivary glands, E-cad in 4(7%), p16 in 2(4%), RASSF1A in 2(4%), DAPK in 2 (4%), and MGMT in 1(2%).Compared with our previous results, there was a significantly lower methylation ratio in promoter methylation of E-cad(P<0.01), p16 (P<0.01), RASSF1A (P<0.01),and DAPK (P<0.01) in salivary gland tissues than in ACC tumor tissues.Conclusion Promoter methylation of E-cad, p16 and RASSF1A is a rare event in histologically normal salivary gland tissues .

Objective To investigate the structure-activity relationship for 21 anthocyanins in inhibiting oxidized injury of endothelial cells,and explore the structural characteristics of anthocyanins closely related to their effects. Methods Endothelial cells were treated by ox-LDL at different concentrations of 50,100,150 or 200 ?g/ml,and MTT assay was used to determine IC50. After pre-incubated for 2 h with different concentrations ( 50,100 or 200 ?mol/L) of anthocyanins and then treated with 100 ?g/ml ox-LDL for another 24 h in endothelial cells,MTT assay was used to detect the cellular viability. After pre-treated for 2 h with different anthocyanins with 100 ?mol/L and treated with ox-LDL for another 24 h,MDA and NO level in the culture media were both measured according to the methods of assay kits. Structure-activity relationship was analyzed according to the respective cellular viability,MDA and NO level. Results Cellular viability was significantly inhibited by ox-LDL in a dose-dependent manner,and the IC50 was 100 ?g/ml. A significant correlation was observed among the effect of anthocyanins on cell viability,MDA production and NO release. The inhibitory effects of anthocyanins in ox-LDL-injured endothelial cells were positively related to the total number of hydroxyl groups and hydroxyl substitutions in B ring. 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl substitution on B-ring and a 3-hydroxyl group on C-ring significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of anthocyanins,yet methoxylation or glycosylation significantly decreased the effect. 6-hydroxylation substitution might attenuate the inhibitory effect of anthocyanins,while substitution at C5 or C5′ showed no significant influence on the effect of anthocyanins. Anthocyanin with monosaccharose substitution was much stronger than that with disaccharose substitution,while there was no significant difference between anthocyanins with glucoside and that with galacotoside substitution. Delphinidin and delphinidin-3-glucoside were respectively the most effectual anthocyanidin or anthocyanin. Conclusion 3′,4′-ortho-dihydroxyl substitution on B-ring and a 3-hydroxyl group on C-ring are the main structural requirements for anthocyanins in suppressing ox-LDL-induced injury in endothelial cells.

Objective:To analyze the clinical manifestations, radiographic features, and pathological classification of the juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) of the jaws and discuss its clinical management and prognosis. Methods: From January 2005 to December 2014, 15 patients with JOF who underwent surgery were retrospectively investigated with regard to clinical and radiologic data. On the basis of the standards of the World Health Organization in 2005, JOF was divided into juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (JPOF) and juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma (JTOF). Results:Among the 15 patients, 10 were female and 5 were male. Patient age ranged from 7 years old to 18 years old with a mean of 10.93 years old. Nine cases were located in the mandible and 6 in the maxilla. The clinical manifestation was painless swelling of the jaw, but 20%of the cases showed jaw swelling with pain. Various JOF radiolog-ic appearances, such as radiolucent, mixed radiopaque-radiolucent, or ground-glass pattern, were observed. Ten of the 15 patients were JTOF and 5 were JPOF With regard to treatment, 4 patients underwent conservative surgery, 3 patients lived with tumors, and 11 pa-tients underwent radical surgery during the follow-up period; no lesion recurrence occurred. Nine patients underwent reconstruction, that is, 5 cases with fibula flap graft, 3 cases with free iliac graft, and 1 case with costal cartilage graft. Conclusion:JOF is a rare form of benign fibro-osseous lesions and occurs in adolescents. Mandible and maxilla are two of the most common locations. Early diagnosis and treatment and strict clinical and radiological follow-up is important in the clinic because of the aggressiveness and high recurrence rate of JOF. Operation time and treatment options should be selected according to the patients' specific situation.

Madelung′s disease is a rare lipid metabolic disorder with unclear mechanism, characterized by the formation of diffuse uncapsulated lipomas in face, neck, shoulder and other body areas. This disease mainly affect middle-aged male, and is related to alcohol abuse. The treatment nowadays is only palliative surgery with a high recurrence rate, including lipectomy and liposuction. Both of them have advantages and disadvantages.

Objective:To investigate the changes of directional connections of auditory and non-auditory in patients with noise-induced deafness (NID) by degree centrality (DC) and Granger causality analysis (GCA), and to explore the mode of brain function remodeling after NID.Methods:In October 2023, a total of 58 patients diagnosed with NID by the Occupational Diseases Department of Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai from 2014 to 2022 were collected as case group (NID group), and 42 healthy volunteers matched by gender, age and education level were selected as the control group (HC group). Resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI) was perfomed and PC analysis was performed. The brain regions with statistically significant differences in DC values between groups and the bilateral Heschl regions were extracted as regions of interest (ROI) for voxel-based whole brain GCA and correlation analysis.Results:Compared with HC group, the SOG.L DC value of NID group was lower, the connectivity values of SFGdor.L to SOG.L was increased, the connectivity value of PCL.L to SOG.L was decreased, the connectivity values of ORBmid.L, PCG.R and CUN. L/R to HES.L were increased, the connectivity value of SFGdor.L to HES.L was decreased, the connectivity value of HES.L to PCUN.L was decreased, the connectivity values of ORBsup.L and PCG.R to HES.R were increased, the connectivity value of HES.R to CUN.L was decreased ( P voxel level<0.01, P cluster level<0.05). The connectivity value of PCL.L to SOG.L was negatively correlated with the weighted value of the better whisper frequency ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The NID patients have abnormal directional connectivity activity in multiple brain regions, such as auditory vision, executive control, somatosensory movement, and default mode network. It is suggested that hearing loss may cause complex neural remodeling between auditory and non-auditory centers.

Objective:To investigate the changes of directional connections of auditory and non-auditory in patients with noise-induced deafness (NID) by degree centrality (DC) and Granger causality analysis (GCA), and to explore the mode of brain function remodeling after NID.Methods:In October 2023, a total of 58 patients diagnosed with NID by the Occupational Diseases Department of Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai from 2014 to 2022 were collected as case group (NID group), and 42 healthy volunteers matched by gender, age and education level were selected as the control group (HC group). Resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI) was perfomed and PC analysis was performed. The brain regions with statistically significant differences in DC values between groups and the bilateral Heschl regions were extracted as regions of interest (ROI) for voxel-based whole brain GCA and correlation analysis.Results:Compared with HC group, the SOG.L DC value of NID group was lower, the connectivity values of SFGdor.L to SOG.L was increased, the connectivity value of PCL.L to SOG.L was decreased, the connectivity values of ORBmid.L, PCG.R and CUN. L/R to HES.L were increased, the connectivity value of SFGdor.L to HES.L was decreased, the connectivity value of HES.L to PCUN.L was decreased, the connectivity values of ORBsup.L and PCG.R to HES.R were increased, the connectivity value of HES.R to CUN.L was decreased ( P voxel level<0.01, P cluster level<0.05). The connectivity value of PCL.L to SOG.L was negatively correlated with the weighted value of the better whisper frequency ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The NID patients have abnormal directional connectivity activity in multiple brain regions, such as auditory vision, executive control, somatosensory movement, and default mode network. It is suggested that hearing loss may cause complex neural remodeling between auditory and non-auditory centers.

Objective:To construct a non-invasive pre-hospital screening model and early based on artificial intelligence algorithms to provide the severity of stroke in patients, provide screening, guidance and early warning for stroke patients and their families, and provide data support for clinical decision-making.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical information of stroke patients ( n = 53?793) were extracted from the Yidu cloud big data server system of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 1, 2001 to July 31, 2023. Combined with the results of single factor screening and the opinions of experts with senior professional titles in neurology, the input variable was determined, and the output variable was the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) representing the severity of the disease at admission. Python 3.7 was used to build DeepFM algorithm model, and five data mining models including Logistic regression, CART decision tree, C5.0 decision tree, Bayesian network and deep neural network (DNN) were built at the same time. The original data were randomly divided into 80% training set and 20% test set, which were used to train and test the models, adjust the parameters of each model, respectively calculate the accuracy, sensitivity and F-index of the six models, carry out the comprehensive comparison and evaluation of the model. The receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) and calibration curve were drawn, compared the prediction performance of DeepFM model and the other five algorithms. In addition, the data of stroke patients ( n = 1?028) were extracted from Dalian Central Hospital for external verification of the model. Results:A total of 14?015 stroke patients with complete information were selected, including 11?212 in the training set and 2?803 in the testing set. After univariate screening, 14 indicators were included to construct the model, including gender, age, recurrence, physical impairment, facial problems, speech disorders, head reactions, disturbance of consciousness, visual disorders, abnormal cough and swallowing, high risk factor, family history, smoking history and drinking history. DeepFM model adopted the two-order crossover feature. The number of hidden layers in DNN layer was 3. Dropout was used to discard the neurons in the neural network. Rule was used as the activation function. Each layer used Dense full connection. The objective function was random gradient descent. The number of iterations was 15. There were 133?922 training parameters in total. Comparing the predictive value of the six models showed that the accuracy of DeepFM model was 0.951, the sensitivity was 0.992, the specificity was 0.814, the F-index was 0.950, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.916. The accuracy of the other five data mining models were between 0.771-0.780, the sensitivity were between 0.978-0.987, the F-index were between 0.690-0.707, and the AUC were between 0.568-0.639. The calibration curve of the DeepFM model was more aligned with the ideal curve than the other five data mining models. Suggesting that the prediction performance of DeepFM model was the best. External validation was conducted on the DeepFM model, and its accuracy was 0.891, indicating good generalization performance of the model.Conclusion:The pre-hospital non-invasive screening prediction model based on DeepFM can accurately predict the severity grading of stroke patients, and has potential application value in rapid screening and early clinical decision-making of stroke.

OBJECTIVETo clone a novel human connexin gene and find out the relationship between this gene and hereditary deafness.

METHODSThrough the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) analysis against the database of expressed sequence tags (dbEST) of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) using the coding sequence of mouse Cx 57 gene, 9 novel ESTs were obtained and a contig was assembled. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) were performed using primers designed on the contig. A novel gene was obtained and was mapped by homologous analysis against human genome sequence. Mutation analysis was performed in 12 autosomal dominant hereditary deafness families.

RESULTSNine ESTs were obtained by homologous analysis and a contig was assembled. Through nested PCR and RACE, a full length of cDNA was obtained from human liver, kidney Ready cDNA and placenta cDNA library, and was named CX 58. By comparison with human genome sequence, CX 58 was mapped at 1p32.3-p34.1. Mutation analysis of CX 58 was performed in 12 autosomal dominant hereditary deafness families, but no mutation was detected.

CONCLUSIONA novel human connexin gene named CX 58 was cloned and mapped to 1p32.3-p34.1. The mutation of CX 58 may not result in autosomal dominant hereditary deafness.

Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Alignment ; Sequence Analysis, DNA