Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)is an important member of STATs family and is highly expressed in many kinds of cancer.It regulates the tumor growth by influencing the apoptosis of tumor cells and tumor angiogenesis and becomes a new target for tumor therapy.This article reviews the structure of STAT3,the stimulating factors of STAT3,the tumor growth regulating pathway of STAT3,and its potential as a target for tumor therapy.

Objective:To investigate the changes of lymphocyte subsets and the serum levels of IgE in the children with allergic rhinitis,and to analyze the relationship between lymphocyte subsets and IgE.Methods:CD3+,CD4+,CD8+CD19+,CD4+CD25+,CD16+56+lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry ,IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-5 of serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and the serum level of total IgE was detected by immuno turbidimetric assays in 86 cases of children with allergic rhinitis and 76 cases of healthy children.Results:CD19+B lymphocyte subsets ,the ratio of CD4+and CD8+,IL-4 ,IL-5 and the serum levels of IgE were increased in the children with allergic rhinitis groups as compared with healthy children , the difference has statistical significance(P<0.05);CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+CD25+,CD16+56+lymphocyte subsets and IFN-γwere lower than the control group ( P<0.05 );there was a correlation between B lymphocyte subsets and IgE in the children with allergic rhinitis.Co nclusion:Lymphocyte dysfunction and Th1/Th2 ratio imbalance may be related to the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis ,and IgE,IFN-γ,IL-4 and IL-5 play important roles in children with allergic rhinitis.

Objective To study the relationship of angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor (AT1R) autoantibody (AT1-AA) and renal cell apoptosis induced by caspase-12 in diabetic nephropathy (DN)rats.Methods High-sucrose and high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg) were utilized to establish DN rat model.Serum AT1-AA was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and renal cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining.Furthermore,the mRNA levels of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) chaperone protein glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and ERS-associated apoptosis protein caspase-12 were measured by real-time quantitative PCR.Additionally,the levels of GRP78 and caspase-12 protein were measured by Western blotting.Results The renal cell apoptosis rate in DN group was increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01),and the renal cells apoptosis rate in AT1-AA positive DN group was higher than that in AT1-AA negative DN group [(20.05±1.71)％ vs (13.24±4.93)％,P ＜ 0.01].The mRNA expressions of GRP78 and caspase-12 in DN group,in comparison to NC group,were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01),as well as the proteins (P ＜ 0.01).And the expression of these mRNA and proteins had significant increment in AT1-AA positive DN rats when compared with AT1-AA negative DN rats (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions AT1-AA can induce ERS in the renal tissue of DN rats,and promote renal cell apoptosis likely via the modulation of caspase-12 signaling pathway.

Metastasis-associated in coIon cancer 1(MACC1)is a recentIy discovered gene which is cIoseIy associated with coIorectaI cancer metastasis,and aIso pIay an important roIe in metastasis of other tumors. Some ceII signaIing pathways or bioIogicaI moIecuIes may be invoIved in the reguIation of MACC1 expression and reIevant mechanism of MACC1 promoting tumor invasion and metastasis. However,the reguIation mechanism and pathways of MACC1 expression are currentIy not compIeteIy known. This articIe reviewed the roIe and mechanism of reguIation of MACC1 expression in the deveIopment and progression of tumor.

Objective:To develop the UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of hesperidin, oleanolic acid, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid in Erchen Decoction. Methods:The separation was performed on Phenomenex Gemini C18, isocratic elution was carried out with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile - 2 mmol/L ammonium formate. The mass spectrometer was operated in the positive and negative ionization electrospray (ESI) mode using multiple monitoring (MRM) for analysis of four components. External standard methods fix quantity. The precursor to product ion transitions monitored for hesperidin, oleanolic acid, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid were m/z 611.2→303.1, 455.2→407.2, 166.2→148.2 and 821.4→350.9, respectively. Results:Hesperidin, oleanolic acid, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid were all analyzed exactly, the linear ranges were 0.010 0-0.400 0, 0.006 3-0.250 0, 0.012 5-0.500 0, 0.002 5-0.100 0 ng, respectively. The r were 0.998 2, 0.998 8, 0.999 4 and 0.999 1, respectively. The recovery rateof the four analytes ranged from 98.45% to 102.60% and the RSD were all below 1.67%. Conclusion:This UPLC-MS/MS method is sensitive, accurate and suitable hwhich could be applied for the determination of hesperidin, oleanolic acid, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid in Erchen Decoction.

Background Retinal vascular caliber changes can reflect the development status of cardiovascular disease and diabetes-associated vascular diseases,so it is very important to quantitatively measure retinal vascular caliber in the study of systemic diseases and retinal vascular disease.However,the methodology study is rately seen in China within our knowledge.Objective The present study was to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of IVAN software in measuring retinal vascular caliber.Methods This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,and written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to medical examination.A prospectively diagnostic trail was performed.The digitized fundus color photograph centered on the disc from 192 eyes of 96 healthy volunteers were collected in Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January,2013 to December,2014,and central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE),central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) and arteriovenous ratio (AVR) were analyzed by IVAN measurement software.The repeatability and reproducibility of IVAN software for random repeat measurement of retinal vessel caliber from consecutive 85 right eyes of 85 volunteers were evaluation by interobserver and intraobserver measurement with interclass correlation coefficient (ICC).The correlations of measuring results between two observers or two-time measuring were analyzed with Pearson linear correlation analysis.Bland-Altman agreeement analysis was employed to assess the agreeement of the outcomes.Results No significant differences were found in CRAE,CRVE and AVR between the right eyes and the left eyes (t=-1.009,1.090,-1.259,all at P＞0.05).The CRAE,CRVE and AVR values from observer 1 were (145.02±12.94) μm,(400.72±9.12) μm and 0.36±0.03,and those from observer 2 were (145.10 ± 11.86) μm,(401.17 ± 9.85) μm and 0.36 ± 0..03,with no significant differences between observer 1 and observer 2 (t =-0.074,-0.913,0.116,all at P＞0.05).The repeat CRAE,CRVE and AVR values from observer 1 were (145.02 ± 12.94) μm,(400.72 ±9.12) μm and 0.36 ±0.03,which were significantly different from the initial values (t =-0.777,-0.048,-0.745,all at P＞0.05).In two-time measurements of intraobserver,all ICC were ≥0.738 and showed good correlations (all at r≥0.739).The two measurements of interobserver,showed good correlations (r≥ 0.662),with all ICC ≥ 0.657.Bland-Altman plots showed good agreements in CRAE and CRVE measurement with 95％ limits of agreement(LoA) ranged from-18.5 μm to 17.3 μm and-9.8 μm to 9.6 μm in intraobserver,and from-19.3 μm to 20.0 μm and-10.2 μm to 9.0 μm in interobserver,respectively.Conclusions IVAN measurement software yields good repeatability and reproducibility in the quantitative measurement of retinal vascular caliber.

Objective To investigate the pathological features and clinical characteristics of primary mitochondrial myopathy and encephalomyopathy. Methods 11 cases of mitochondrial myopathy and encephalomyopathy were analyzed on clinical features, histochemical changes and ultrastructure observations of muscles. Results RRFs were found in all 11 cases by muscle staining of MGT under light microscope. 7 cases were only afflicated with muscle weakness, 4 cases also having impairment of central nervous system. The proportion of RRFs was 6.4% to 10.3%. We observed these cases under electronic microscope. In 9 cases,the ultrastructural alterations included subsarcolemmal accumulation of mitochondria,increases of the number,abnormal shape,disarrangement of cristae and paracrystaline inclusion bodies. In 2 cases the increase of mitochondrial number is only the alteration. Conclusions Typical RRF is valuable for diagnoses of mitochondrial myopathy and encephalomyopathy under light microscope. The accumulation of abnormal mitochondrials beneath sarcolemal,especially the paracrystaline inclusion bodies are significant in making a definite diagnosis of this disease under electronic microscope.

Objective To compare the effect of three different analgesic techniques on hyperglycemia and stress response to cholecystotomy so as to select a more reasonable analgesic modelMethods Thirty patients after cholecystotomy ,were randomly divided into three groups using three different analgesic techniques:postoperative intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia(PCA)(group M),postopetative epidural PCA(group E),and pre-emptive clonidine combined with postoperative epidurral PCA(group P)Blood glucose,plasma levels of stress hormones such as cotisol,insulin,glucagon,epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured at various timesResults All three analgesic techniques produced satisfactory pain reliefHyperglycemiawas inhibited more efficiently in group E and P than in group MThe secretions of stress hormoneswere less suppressed in group M than in other two groupsThe epidural analgesics requirement in group P was lower than in group E(P

Objective To explore the clinical significance of determining the levels of plasma TXB 2,PAgT,6-Keto-PGF 1? in the lung carcinoma patients.Methods The levels of plasma TXB 2,PAgT and 6-Keto-PGF 1? were determined in 43 patients with lung carcinoma and 45 healthy controls,and 36 cases of 43 patients with lung carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups:(A) conventional treatment plus warfarin sodium,(B) conventional treatment without anticoagulant.We also determined the level of plasma Fib in both group A and group B,besides examined the levels of plasma TXB 2,PAgT and 6-Keto-PGF 1? before and after treatment.Results Statistical analysis showed that the levels of TXB 2 and PAgT were significantly higher,but the levels of 6-Keto-PGF 1? was significantly lower in the patients with lung carcinoma than those in healthy controls(P0 05).Conclusion The determination of plasma TXB 2,PAgT and 6-Keto-PGF 1? for lung carcinoma patients are helpful in diagnosis and treatment of lung carcinoma.

This paper summarizes the connotation and value of humanistic education. According to the characteristics of the ethicality and social ability of medicine and comparing to the international medical humanistic education standard, it analyzes the present situation and difficulties we are facing and puts for-ward some strategies and measures such as renewing humanity educational ideas, building two dimensional curriculum system of General and Professional Course, cultivating and strengthening teachers team with both professional ability and humanity equality and confirming principles of humanistic education. These measures can increase the connotation of humanistic education and extend its extension. They have great practical significance towards cultivating outstanding medical talents with high comprehensive quality and healthy personality.