Objective To study the etiologies of long duration fever in neonates and to provide clinical evidence for early diagnosis and intervention. Methods From January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2013, data from neonates admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Childrenˊ s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 238 neonates with long duration fever, 165 cases were male and 73 female. Pneumonia(n = 196), skin / mucosa infection (n =67), sepsis (n = 46), meningitis/ encephalitis (n = 25) and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (n = 24) were the most common etiologies. Diabetes insipidus was the only noninfectious cause of fever in this study. The incidence of high fever in cases diagnosed with meningitis/ encephalitis, sepsis, diabetes insipidus, immunodeficiency or urinary tract infection were significantly higher than other causes (P <0. 05) . Continuous fever or other special fever types were more common in cases diagnosed with pneumonia ( χ2 = 4. 581, P = 0. 032 ) . Incidences of sepsis, infectious diarrhea or meningitis/encephalitis in late neonates were significantly higher than early neonates ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusions Long duration fever in neonates is most likely caused by infectious diseases and diabetes insipidus is the only noninfectious cause of neonatal fever in our study.

The technique of amniotic membrane transplantation is developping rapidly in treating ocular surface disease recently. Amniotic membrane is widely used in this area due to its unique structure, procurment and graft puparation. The authors describe the methods of processing and preservation of human amniotic membrane, and the histological study and clinical application experiences as well.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Venlafaxine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets,and to investigate the characteristics of drug release. METHODS:Using glyceryl behenate as lipidic matrix material and HPMC as hydrophilic matrix material,the kind and dosage of excipients were screened by single factor experiment. Using 4,8,24 h accumulative release rate and the deviation summation of ideal values as index,the viscosity of HPMC,the amounts of HPMC K15M and glyceryl behenate were optimized by orthogonal test. The dissolution curves were fitted by different equations. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as follows as venlafaxine hydrochloride 8.5 kg,HPMC K15M 15 kg,glyceryl behenate 26 kg,magnesium stearate 0.5 kg. 4,8,24 h accumula-tive release rates of prepared matrix sustained-release tablets were 34.3%,63.9% and 99.2%,respectively. The releases profiles of hydrophilic and lipidic matrix sustained release tablets followed first-order equation in vitro mainly through matrix erosion. CON-CLUSIONS:Venlafaxine hydrochloride hydrophilic and lipidic matrix sustained-release tablets with good sustained-release effect have been prepared successfully.

Objective To investigate the CT manifestations in mesenteric injury.Methods CT imaging data were analyzed retrospectively in 28 patients with mesenteric injury caused by abdominal trauma,of which 26 patients were confirmed by surgery and 2 patients received conservative treatment.Results CT showed simple mesenteric injury in 5 cases,and multiple organ injury in other 23 cases.Only 18 cases were dignosed by preoperative abdominal CT,and the rate of missed diagnosis was 36%.Conclusion Multi-slice CT is an important evaluation method for the detection of acute mesenteric injury.

Objective To investigate the energy intakes and energy consumption in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients,and to identify the possible influence factors for overweight and obesity of CAPD patients.Methods A total of 115 CAPD patients were enrolled from May to December 2011 in Peking University Third Hospital.Based on body mass index (BMI),they were divided into normal group (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m2,n =61) and obese group (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2,n =54).Three-day dietary intakes including dietary energy,protein,fat,and carbohydrates intakes were collected.Glucose absorption from dialysate was measured.Three-day activities were recorded for the calculation of resting energy expenditure (REE) and total energy expenditure (TEE).Body composition of the patients was analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in age,height,dietary energy intake,protein intake,carbohydrate intakes,lean tissue mass,and hydration status between the two groups.Glucose absorption from dialysate and dietary fat intake were significantly higher in the obese group than in the normal group [(1 920.5 ± 506.3) kJ/d vs.(1 673.6 ±535.6) kJ/d,x2 =2.536,P=0.013; (62.5 ±19.8) g/dvs.(53.1 ±18.7) g/d,x2=2.575,P =0.011].Although REE was higher in the obese group as compared with the normal group [(5 066.8 ±1 029.3) kJ/d vs.(4 556.4 ± 799.1) kJ/d,x2 =2.979,P =0.004],there was no significant difference in TEE between the two groups [(7 819.9 ±728.0) kJ/d vs.(7 803.2 ± 1 092.0) kJ/d,x2 =0.770,P =0.939].Logistic regression showed that glucose absorption from dialysate and dietary fat intakes were risk factors for obesity in the study population (OR =1.003,95％ CI =1.000-1.007,P =0.029 ; OR =1.024,95％ CI =1.003-1.046,P =0.027).Conclusions Obese CAPD patients may absorb more glucose from peritoneal dialysate and consume more fat than non-obese CAPD patients,but TEE is not significantly different.It indicates that obese CAPD patients are at positive energy balance.Less use of high glucose dialysate and more physical exercises are recommended for these patients.

Objectives: To observe the clinical course of diffuse lamellar keratitis(DLK) after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) and to investigate the presentation and management of DLK. Methods:Among 3500 patients underwent LASIK in our center, 18 eyes in 10 patients received DLK were examined. All eyes were examined with slitlamp biomicroscope at the course of 3 days,7 days,14 days,1 month, 2 months and 6 months after the operation. Visual actuity was measured. Results:Symptoms were controlled after 1 week treatment of topical corticosteroids and antibiotics. Resolution of DLK occurred after 1 to 2 months. Uncorrected visual acuity is 1.0 to 1.5 in 16 eyes and 0.8 to 1.0 in 2 eyes. Conclusions:DLK is a complication after LASIK, it usually occurs in 1 to 7 days postoperatively, more likely in male. Topical corticosteroids and antibiotics can get a satisfied outcome. Systemic corticosteroids and antibiotics are needed in serious cases. Early stage of DLK must be distinguished from corneal epithelial implantation and interface infection.

Objective:To explore the information behavior motivation of pregnant women with gestational diabetes and provide a basis for constructing an information behavior demand assessment system and health education strategies.Methods:Using the purpose sampling method, from December 2019 to February 2020, semi-structured interviews were conducted on 9 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 11 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were hospitalized in the obstetric outpatient department of our hospital, and used Colaizzi's 7-step analysis Methods classify and analyze the data, and extract themes.Results:The analysis extracted 6 themes, namely, information support in the whole process, information expectations, self-care information needs, information credibility, information judgment ability, and behavior change motivation.Conclusion:According to the motivation of information behavior change of pregnant women with gestational diabetes, appropriate educational methods are adopted to stimulate their effective information behavior practice, and targeted nursing care is provided for continuous health education needs.

Objective:To observe the flap complications after LASIK and analyze their clinical characters and treatment. Methods:The flap complications after LASIK in 35 eyes of 27 patients was reviewed.Visual acuity were measured at 3,7,15,30,60 days after the operation,at the same time, the eyes were examined with slit lamp. Results:After the therapy,diffuse lamellar keratitis of 10 eyes were recovered in 1 to 2 months,the visual acuity were 0.8 to 1.5.Flap slippage of 9 eyes were treated with replacement and the visual acuity were 1.0 to 1.2.One eye with trauma induced flap lose underwent allogeneic keratomileusis and the visual actity was 0.5 to 0.6.One eye with interface infection was treated by removing the infected flap and PTK.The corneal surface was healed but remained with little haze.The visual acuity were 0.8 to 1.0 after the therapy in three eyes with epithelial ingrowth.Three eyes with fiap breaking in the procedure were reoperated half a year later,and the visual acuity were 1.0 to 1.2. Conclusion:Flap complications after LASIK occurred at various period and are related with surgical technic,patient~(,)s eyes conditions and the treatment after the surgery.Early detection and therapy can obtain an comparatively excellent recovery.

AIM:To investigate the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)on extracellular proteolytic enzymes including matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and serine proteases,in particular,the urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA)-plasmin system in a human umbilical vein endothelial cell(HUVEC)model.METHODS:The HUVEC was activated with different doses of BDNF(25-200 ?g/L)for different time period(6-48 h).Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to assay MMP-2,MMP-9,TIMP-1,and TIMP-2 mRNA in HUVEC.The cultured conditioned medium was analyzed for MMP and uPA activity by gelatin zymography and fibrin zymography,respectively.uPA,PAI-1,TIMP-1,and TIMP-2 were quantified by Western blotting analysis.RESULTS:The stimulation of serum-starved HUVECs with BDNF caused marked increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression and induced the pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9 activation without significant differences in proliferation.However,BDNF had no effect on TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 production.BDNF increased uPA and PAI-1 production in a dose dependent manner up to 100 ?g/L,while effects of 200 ?g/L were approximately equal to those of 100 ?g/L.BDNF stimulated uPA and PAI-1 production beyond that in control cultures from 12 h until 48 h after BDNF addition.Protease activity for uPA was also increased by BDNF in a dose dependent manner.CONCLUSION:BDNF activates MMP and uPA/PAI-1 proteolytic network in HUVEC.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for analysis of proteome of human peripheral leukocytes and to explore the difference between the healthy volunteers and patients with acute lymphocyte leukemia(ALL) in leukocyte proteomics and to study the ALL-related abnormal proteins.METHODS: Peripheral blood samples taken from 10 healthy volunteers and 10 ALL patients were separated for the extraction of leukocyte proteins.The leukocyte proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE).2-DE patterns were analyzed by PDQuest 2D software and the differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometer(MALDITOF-MS) and bioinformatics.RESULTS: The 2-DE patterns of peripheral blood leucocytes from patients with ALL versus those from healthy volunteers were analyzed by PDQuest 2D software and the differentially expressed proteins identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometer(MALDI-TOF-MS) were confirmed to beALL-related proteins: AnnexinA5 and cytoskeleton 14 etc.CONCLUSION: Using MALDI-TOF-MS and bioinformatics,the AnnexinA5 and cytoskeleton 14 proteins had been proved to be of close relationship with ALL.The results provided a satisfactory basis for the searching for treatment targets and the molecular targets for the early diagnosis of ALL.