Oceanic carbon monoxide(CO) has been of biogeochemical interest due to its significant role in global carbon cycle and the greenhouse effect. A headspace method coupled with ta3000 trace gas analyzer system for the determination of CO in seawater was developed. The effects of temperature, equilibrium time and water/gas volume ratio on the sensitivity of headspace analysis were studied in detail. The results showed that CO concentrations in seawater were measured successfully by the 50-mL glass-only syringes with a water/gas volume ratio of 44∶ 6 and an equilibrium time of 5 min at 20 ℃ room temperature. Under the optimized conditions, the linear range of concentrations of CO was 0-2.7×10~(-6), r=0.999,p<0.0001. The relative standard deviation of the analysis method was <4.4%, with a detection limit of 0.02 nmol/L. The average recovery of CO was 90.5%. The concentrations of CO in surface waters of the North Yellow Sea were measured using this method and ranged from 0.20 nmol/L to 3.13 nmol/L, indicating that this method can be successfully applied to the detection of the in situ CO concentrations in seawater.

Objective To evaluate the value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography（RT3DE）to predict the long-term response to cardiac resynchronization therapy（CRT）.Methods Twenty-six patients with heart failure were scheduled for CRT.RT3DE was performed before and one year after the pacemaker implantation,and left ventricular（LV）dyssynchrony was defined as the maximum difference（Tmsv 16-Dif）and standard deviation（Tmsv 16-SD）when the minimum systolic volume of 16 segments was reached.Patients were divided into re-sponders and non-responders according to a reduction ≥15 % in LV end-systolic volume（LVESV）after CRT.Results Seventeen patients（65.4 %）were classified as responders.Compared with non-responders,the responders demonstrated a significant increase in LV ejection fraction,and reduction in Tmsv 16-SD.Tmsv 16-SD was a determinant factor for Δ LVESV ≥15%.Tmsv 16-SD 〉3.5% could be employed to evaluate the short-term response to CRT with 80 % sensitivity and 77 % specificity.Conclusions CRT can increase the LV systolic function and synchrony.RT3DE is highly predictive for long-term response to CRT

Objective To explore how clinical pharmacists exert their effects in drug therapy.Methods The pharmaceutical practice of clinical pharmacist participating in the treatment of one case of warfarin related nephropathy (WRN) was reported.Early identification of warfarin associated nephropathy and early treatment were necessary and the anticoagulant regimen was optimized.Pharmaceutical education was conducted by clinical pharmacist.Results With guidance by clinical pharmacist,the psychological burden of the patient was reduced,the patient compliance was improved,and the patient understanding of adverse drug reactions was increased.Conclusion Clinical pharmacists involved in clinical treatment practice is conducive to timely detecting and treating patients with adverse drug reactions,and improving the level of drug treatment.

Objectives:To observe the stress response and hemodynamic change during laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) under general anesthesia and general-epidural combined anesthesia.Methods:28 patients of LC were divided into general anesthesia group(G group n=14) and general-epidural anesthesia group(GE group n=14) randomly.The HR、SBP、MAP,plasma concentration of epinephrine(E),norepinepherine(NE),blood glucose、cortisol,PaCO2 and pH were measured before and after peritoneal insufflation of CO2.Results:The HR,SBP and MAP were increased significantly in group G than those in group GE(P

Objective To evaluate the effect of three different choices of indwelling urethral catheter clamping. Indwelling urethral catheter clamping choices included according to patients′complaints to clamp the catheter (Group A), released as schedule (Group B),and smooth passway of indwelling urinary catheter all the way (Group C). Methods We searched RCT about the effect of different choices of indwelling urethral catheter clamping from CNKI, VIP database,Wanfang database, PubMed on line. Literatures were searched from the database had been established till now. Two reviewers evaluate the literatures independently according to the RCT authentic assessment manual of Cochrane Collaboration. Other than different results, negotiation took as the measure to attach an agreement. No agreement reached, consult the opinion of the third person. RevMan5.2 was used to analyses the result of the study. Results Statistical difference between three clamping choice on the rate of successful in autonomous urination after catheter removed: both group A and group B preceded group C (Z=2.97, Z=4.34, P < 0.05), mean well group A preceded group B (Z=5.30, P < 0.05). Statistical difference did not found on the rate of urinary tract irritation after catheter removed between three choices. Conclusion Clamping indwelling urethral catheter according to patients′ complaints seems useful in bladder reconditioning before indwelling urethral catheter removal.

Objective To evaluate patient outcomes of sustained low flow oxygen inhalation therapy with humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen.Methods Randomized controlled trial (RCT) about sustained low flow oxygen therapy with humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen were searched from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang database,VIP database,PubMed on line.Literatures were searched from the database had been established till now.The primary outcome of the rate of unpleasant respiratory symptoms,oxygen humidification cylinder pollution as well as secondary lower respiratory tract infections were attached importance to.Two reviewers evaluated the literatures independently according to the RCT authentic assessment manual of Cochrane Collaboration.Negotiation took as the measure to attach an agreement.RevMan 5.2 was used to analyses the result of the study.Results A total of 15 met the inclusion criteria,Meta-analysis showed that humidifying and non-humidifying oxygen was not statistically significant with the rate of unpleasant respiratory symptoms (P ＞ 0.05).Non-humidifying group was better than humidity group at the rate of oxygen humidification cylinder pollution and the secondary lower respiratory symptoms (Z=2.50,2.44,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Low flow nasal oxygen inhalation therapy may not have to use humidifying oxygen.

Objective To investigate the effect of surround needling at articular six meridians plus finger (toe) tip bloodletting therapy on sciatic nerve conduction velocity and lower limb microcirculatory flow in diabetic rats. Method The model was made with streptozotocin. The rats were allocated to model, methycobal, acupuncture and normal groups. The methycobal group received a muscular injection of 50 ?g/kg in the left and right lower limbs alternately, every other day. The acupuncture group received acupuncture at points Taixi(KI3), Kunlun(BL60) and Jiexi(ST41), once daily plus toe tip bloodletting. The normal and model groups were bound 30 min once every other day. Every group was treated for eight weeks. General condition was observed, and sciatic nerve conduction velocity and lower limb microcirculatory flow were measured in the rats before and after treatment. Result Compared with the normal group, sciatic nerve conduction velocity decreased in the other groups of rats (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, sciatic nerve conduction velocity was higher in every treatment group of rats (P<0.05). Conclusion Surround needling at articular six meridians plus finger (toe) tip bloodletting therapy can increase sciatic nerve conduction velocity and improve lower limb microcirculation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and related factors of drug-induced hyperkalemia,present preven-tive measures and provide reference for the rational drug use. METHODS:46 literatures of individual cases and group cases of drug-induced hyperkalemia publicly reported in domestic medical journals from 1979 to 2014 were collected and analyzed statistical-ly,including 66 cases. RESULTS:66 cases with drug-induced hyperkalemia were mainly involved in cardiovascular drugs and im-munosuppressants. Most of them were improved after drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment,and 2 cases died. CONCLU-SIONS:Drug-induced hyperkalemia are potentially dangerous. It is necessary to be vigilant,prevent and control timely and reduce the incidence of severe adverse reactions.

Objective To analyse the effect of berberine on D-dimer, fibrinogen (FIB) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in peripheral blood of ovarian cancer patients.Methods 130 cases selected from the hospital were diagnosed as unilateral ovarian cancer, treated by surgery and chemotherapy.The patients were divided into control group (25 cases) and experimental group (105 cases), and the experimental group were randomly divided into A, B, C three groups, 35 cases in each group.The experimental group received berberine hydrochloride tablets, orally, three times a day, on the basis of conventional chemotherapy.The experimental groups were divided into three subgroups according to the dosage: A group: 0.3 g, B group: 0.2 g, C group:0.1 g, 35 cases in each group, continuously treated for 2 weeks.The levels of D-dimer, FIB and IL-6 and quality of life score were detected before and after treatment.Results After treatment, D-dimer level in each subgroup of experimental group was lower than that in control group, respectively, and A group