Purpose To evaluate the correlation between T2-FLAIR hyperintense vessel sign (HVS) and the stenotic degree of internal carotid artery (ICA) and assess the HVS changes after the carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Materials and Methods Fifty-one patients with CEA were retrospectively enrolled. The stenosis of the bilateral ICA were as:≥90%, and<90%. The distribution of HVS locations was classified as three regions:sylvian fissure, sulci of temporo-occipital lobe and other areas. The presence and the location of HVS were counted. The extrension of HVS on T2-FLAIR were graded as:I:the presence of HVS was<1/3 of the MCA territory, II:the presence of HVS was≥1/3 of the MCA territory.χ2-test was performed for correlation between HVS and ICA stenosis. The difference of HVS and stenosis of ICA and their effects on CEA was accessed. Results HVS was significantly higher in the ICA stenosis more than 90%group than in the less than 90% group (χ2=23.584, P<0.001). The frequencies of HVS were 12, 34 and 15 in sylvian fissure, sulci of temporo-occipital lobe and other area, respectively. The proportion of grade II HVS was higher in the ≥ 90% group than in the<90% group (χ2=8.395, P<0.05). After CEA, HVS on 29 affected hemispheres were showed to be disappeared (n=24) or remained (n=5) in the treated side. Conclusion The presence and the grade of HVS were correlated with the stenotic degree of ICA. In the patients with ICA stenosis, HVS was most frequently found in the sulci of temporal lobe and occipital lobe, and seldom found in sylvian fissure. HVS disappeared after CEA indicating that HVS can be considered as a marker for CEA treatment.

To study the variation and significance of plasma coagulation factor VII (FVII) in different kinds of ischemia heart disease (IHD) and examine its relation with plasma lipid and gene polymorphism. FVIIa was determined with one stage clotting assay by using a recombinant soluble tissue factor (rsTF). FVIIc was measured with one stage clotting assay. FVIIag was quantified with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Polymorphism was analyzed with PCR-urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our results showed that FVIIa in stable angina (SA), unstable angina (UA), obsolete and acute myocardial infraction (OMI, AMI) patients was higher than those of normal group with the differences being significant within any two groups. FVIIag in UA, OMI and AMI was higher than those in SA and normal groups. There were positive correlations between FVIIa and serum triglycerides, FVIIa and FVIIc, FVIIc and FVIIag. FVII-323 0/10 bp polymorphism analysis was performed in 60 patients and 0/10 bp polymorphism was found in 5 cases. FVIIc and FVIIag were much lower in cases of 0/10 bp groups than those in cases of 0/0 bp groups. It is concluded that there was activation of extrinsic coagulation pathway in every kind of IHD to different extent. FVIIa was the risk factor in the development of IHD, and more sensitive in reflecting the severity of cardiovacutar disease than FVIIc or FVIIag. FVIIa was higher in OMI, which may be one of the risk factors of re-infraction. Serum triglyceride may indirectly lead to the development of IHD by increasing the level of FVIIa. FVII-323 0/10 bp polymorphism was present in Chinese patients with IHD and it was correlated with the level of FVIIc, FVIIag in plasma. 10 bp allelomorphic gene was a protective factor against thrombogenesis.

BACKGROUND:Preliminary studies of our research group mainly focus on the role of nucleus of solitary tract in gastric noxious stimulation and acupuncture point, while dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve, nucleus of solitary tract and area postrema are the necessary component for vagus nerve complex, and dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve plays a crucial role in the regulation of gastric functions. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of acupuncture at Zusanli, Neiguan, Pishu and Shenshu acupoints on the gastric-related neurons in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. METHODS:The gastric related neurons in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve of gastric distension rats were identified using extracellular recording technique, according to neuroelectrophysiology method. Acupuncture stimulation was given to Zusanli, Neiguan, Pishu and Shenshu for 15 seconds. The effect of body stimulation on the gastric distension related neurons in dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve of rats was recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Among the involved 24 rats, 90 neurons at paraventricular hypothalamic necleus exhibited discharge. Among the discharged neurons, 54 neurons were related to gastric distension. After acupuncture stimulation at Zusanli, Neiguan, Pishu and Shenshu, there were 44, 39, 38, 27 neurons giving a response, the reaction rate was 82%, 72%, 70%and 50%, respectively. Acupunture at different nerve segment acupoints can activate the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve to different degrees, which is involved in the regulation of gastric motility.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies concerning neuromechanism of acupuncture for regulating gastric function mainly focused on peripheral nerve, involving in central nervous system. In particular, there are few studies addressing higher central nervous system.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of acupuncture at Neiguan (PC6) and Zusanli (ST36) on gastric-related neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
METHODS:Using microelectrode extracellular recording technique, gastric related neurons in the paraventricular nucleus were found in gastric distension rats. Stimulation was conducted for 30 seconds by hand acupuncture at Neiguan and Zusanli. The effects of acupuncture on gastric-related neurons in the paraventricular nucleus were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The discharge of 109 neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of 60 rats was recorded. A total of 56 gastric-related neurons of the 109 neurons were observed. The number of neurons response to acupunctures at Zusanli, Neiguan, Pishu (BL20) and Weishu (BL21) were respectively 44, 47, 29, and 33, with the reaction proportion of 78.57%, 83.47%, 51.79%and 58.93%. Results suggested that there exist gastric distension stimulation and acupuncture stimulations from neurons soma to visceral reaction in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which simultaneously participates in the regulation of acupuncture on the gastric function.

OBJECTIVETo determine and analyze plasma ammonia concentration difference of the portal vein system and ramifications of rabbits and consequently guide selection of the portal vein in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) so that reduce shunt-induced hepatic encephalopathic incidence. To evaluate clinical significance of transjugular intrahepatic left branch of portal vein portosystemic shunt (TILPS) and to analyse hemodynamics of both branches of the portal vein and to observe long-term results in the prevention of encephalopathy.

METHODSBlood samples in different portal vein branches of rabbits were collected and the plasma ammonia concentration was assayed and compared. The left branch of portal vein was used as the puncture site to perform TILPS and to keep away from the right branch of portal vein blood that contains nutrition and toxin.

RESULTSPlasma ammonia content was superior in the mesenteric vein and higher than the portal vein branch, the splenic vein, and the vena cava. The right portal vein was above the left. Encephalopathy did not occur in all patients within 3 months. Of the 341 patients undergoing TILPS, encephalopathy occurred in only 5 patients (1.47%) and shunt abnormalities in 19 patients (5.57%) verified by venography during overall follow-up period.

CONCLUSIONSSelective left branch of the portal vein portosystemic shunt can decrease encephalopathy obviously and protect liver function.

Adult ; Aged ; Ammonia ; blood ; Animals ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; blood ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Portal Vein ; surgery ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic ; adverse effects ; Rabbits ; Treatment Outcome

To investigate the in vitro and in vivo proangiogenic effects of brain-derived ncurotrophic factor (BDNF),human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and cultured in primary culture.The effect of BDNF on the proliferation of HUVECs was examined by MTT assay.The effects of BDNF on HUVEC migration and tube formation were studied by modified Boyden chamber assay and tube formation assay,respectively.Matrigel plug assay and chorioaUantoic membrane assay were used to evaluate the effects of BDNF on angiogencsis in vivo.Our results showed that BDNF substantially stimulated the migration and tube formation of HUVECs in vitro,although it did not induce HUVEC proliferation.BDNF also induced angiogenesis both in matrigcl plug of mouse model and in chick chorioallantoic membrane.In conclusion,BDNF can promote angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo,and may be a proangiogenic factor.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of three laparoscopic conservative surgical procedures for tubal pregnancy.Methods:From January 2016 to June 2017, 296 patients with tubal pregnancy who underwent laparoscopic fallopian tube window embryo retrieval in our hospital were included in the study. Ninety six patients received meshmental suture combined with tubal incision and suture (group A), 102 patients receive mesentery suture (group B) and 98 patients received conventional surgery (group C). All patients in the three groups were given methotrexate 25 mg injected to the mesentery of the fallopian tube after surgery. The general conditions, treatment effects and postoperative conditions of the three groups were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance or χ 2 test. Results:There was no significant difference in general conditions among the three groups ( P>0.05). The surgical success rate of groups A and B were significantly higher than that of the group C [99.0%(95/96),99.0%(101/102),93.9%(92/98);χ 2=6.52, P=0.04]; the intraoperative blood loss of groups A and B was significantly lower than that in the group C [(30.6±10.9)ml, (30.9±11.6)ml, (63.5±21.8)ml; F=144.18, P<0.01]. At three months after operation, the tubal patency (patency, tortuous, obstruction) of the affected side of the group A was significantly better than that of the groups B and C [group A:81.1%(77/95),13.7%(13/95),5.3%(5/95); group B: 62.4%(63/101),21.8%(22/101),15.8%(16/101);group C:55.4%(51/92),26.1%(24/92),18.5%(17/92); χ 2=15.64, P<0.01]. Eighteen months after surgery, the fallopian pregnancy rate and secondary infertility rate of the affected side of the tubal in group A were significantly lower than those in groups B and C [group A:7.3%(7/96) and 12.5%(12/96),group B: 17.6%(18/102) and 21.6%(22/102), group C: 19.4%(19/98) and 28.6%(28/98); χ 2=6.56, P=0.04; χ 2=7.60, P=0.02]. The intrauterine pregnancy rate of tree groups was similar [45.8%(44/96),35.3%(36/102),33.7%(33/98); χ 2=3.59, P=0.17]; none of the patients in the three groups had persistent ectopic pregnancy, and no serious adverse reactions occurred during treatment. Conclusions:Laparoscopic salpingotomy and tubal incision and laparoscopic suture combined with tubal incision suture are easy to be performed with less bleeding, high surgical success rate and high recanalization rate of fallopian tubes, which deserves clinical promotion.

To study the variation and significance of plasma coagulation factor Ⅶ (FⅦ) in differ ent kinds of ischemia heart disease (IHD) and examine its relation with plasma lipid and gene polymorphism. FⅦa was determined with one stage clotting assay by using a recombinant soluble tissue factor (rsTF). FⅦc was measured with one stage clotting assay. FⅦag was quantified with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Polymorphism was analyzed with PCR-urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our results showed that FⅦa in stable angina (SA),unstable angina (UA), obsolete and acute myocardial infraction (OMI, AMI) patients was higher than those of normal group with the differences being significant within any two groups. FⅦag in UA, OMI and AMI was higher than those in SA and normal groups. There were positive correlations between FⅦa and serum triglycerides, FⅦa and FⅦc, FⅦc and FⅦag. FⅦ-323 0/10 bp polymorphism analysis was performed in 60 patients and 0/10 bp polymorphism was found in 5 cases. FⅦc and FⅦag were much lower in cases of 0/10 bp groups than those in cases of 0/0 bp groups. It is concluded that there was activation of extrinsic coagulation pathway in every kind of IHD to different extent. FⅦa was the risk factor in the development of IHD, and more sensitive in reflecting the severity of cardiovacutar disease than FⅦc or FⅦag. FⅦa was higher in OMI, which may be one of the risk factors of re-infraction. Serum triglyceride may indirectly lead to the development of IHD by increasing the level of FⅦa. FⅦ-323 0/10 bp polymorphism was present in Chinese patients with IHD and it was correlated with the level of FⅦc, FⅦag in plasma. 10 bp allelomorphic gene was a protective factor against thrombogenesis.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Shanghai, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control strategies of scoliosis in children and adolescents. Methods: From September to December 2021, a total of 4 531 students from grade four of primary school to grade three of junior high school from 16 primary and middle schools in 4 districts of Shanghai were selected by multi stage stratified cluster sampling to carry out scoliosis screening and questionnaire survey. Independent sample t-test, Chi-squared test, Fisher s exact probability method and nonparametric Mann Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of scoliosis. Results: The on the spot detection rate of scoliosis abnormality was 7.4% and the prevalence was 2.2%, mainly for thoracolumbar scoliosis (60.4%) and the scoliosis angle of 10° -<20°(88.1%). The results showed that the detection rate of scoliosis in boys was 1.6% and in girls was 3.3%, with a statistically significant difference ( χ 2=11.84, P < 0.01). There were significant differences in weight and BMI between scoliosis students and students with negative initial screening( t = -3.77, -5.30, P <0.01). And there was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of scoliosis with different frequency of classroom seating arrangements ( Z =2.02, P <0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that the risk of scoliosis in girls was higher than that in boys ( OR =1.87, 95% CI =1.21-2.88). BMI ( OR =0.89, 95% CI =0.83-0.95) and frequency of classroom seating arrangements ( OR =0.49, 95% CI =0.25-0.93) were correlated with lower rate of scoliosis. After stratification by sex, the frequency of classroom seating arrangements ( OR =0.26, 95% CI =0.10-0.67) in boys and the educational stage ( OR =2.35, 95% CI =1.26-4.41) in girls ( P <0.05) was correlated with higher rate of scoliosis, while BMI ( OR =0.86, 95% CI =0.79-0.94) in girls were correlated with lower rate of scoliosis. Conclusion Regular screening of scoliosis is an effective method for early detection of scoliosis. Girls in junior high school and low BMI should be paid close attention to. According to the occurrence and influencing factors of scoliosis, comprehensive prevention and control based on family, school, society, and other aspects can be carried out.

Objective:To study the role of SUMOylation in the process of therapeutic hypothermia on neural stem cells (NSCs) in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Methods:SUMOylation is an essential post-translational modification involving small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs). Primary-cultured NSCs from mice were assigned into four groups: control group, hypoxia group, hypothermia group and hypoxia+hypothermia group. Western Blot was used to detect the protein levels of SUMO2/3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator factor 1α (PGC-1α) and octamer binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4). The diameters of NSCs were compared. ELISA was used to detect lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry. Immunofluorescence method was used to measure the differentiation of NSCs into neuronal cells.Results:Compared with the control group, the levels of SUMO2/3, HIF-1αand PGC-1α in NSCs of the hypoxia group increased 33%, 126% and 140%, respectively ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of SUMO2/3 and PGC-1α in NSCs of the hypothermia group increased 52% and 536%, respectively ( P<0.05). Compared with the hypoxia group, the levels of SUMO2/3, HIF-1α, PGC-1α and Oct4 in the hypoxia+hypothermia group increased 44%, 40%, 230% and 59%, respectively ( P<0.05). The diameters of NSCs in hypoxia group, hypothermia group and hypoxia+hypothermia group were smaller than control group, and hypoxia+hypothermia group smaller than hypoxia group ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in LDH levels between hypothermia group and control group ( P>0.05). LDH level in hypoxia+hypothermia group were significantly lower than hypoxia group ( P<0.05). No significant differences existed in the cell death rates between hypothermia group and control group ( P>0.05). The cell death rate in hypoxia+hypothermia group was significantly lower than hypoxia group ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expressions of Nestin in both hypoxia group and hypothermia group were increased, but neuron specific enolase (NSE) were decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with hypoxia group and hypothermia group, the level of Nestin in hypoxia+hypothermia group was further increased, while NSE was further decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Therapeutic hypothermia may increase the tolerance of NSCs to hypoxia by enhancing SUMO modification of proteins, providing theoretical basis for the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy with therapeutic hypothermia.