0.05).Conclusion Tripterygium wilfordii,combined with routine treatment,appeared to decrease 24-hour proteinuria in a certain extent and did not adversely affect liver function,renal function and the blood routine test in most patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Allyamine or sodium vinyl sulfate was added into the solutions of acrylamide and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide to make mixed monomer solutions. These solutions were respectively introduced in methacrylsiloxane-modifidied capillaries. In situ polymerization was initiated by thermally induced radicals. A polymer layer was chemically bonded to the inner wall, resulting in valently modified capillary columns. By altering the addition amounts of allyamine or sodium vinyl sulfate, differently charged polymeric layers were obtained. Five columns were prepared. The result indicated that columns modified with polymers containing amino groups were advantageous over those containing sulphonic acid groups or none. Further comparison revealed that the columns modified with a solution containing 0.15 mol/L acrylamide, 0.03 mol/L N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide and more than 1 mol/L allylamine exhibited good resolution. It is convenient to adjust electroosmotic flows(EOFs) in the columns by this way. In the meantime unspecific protein adsorption was efficiently depressed. When subjected) to zone electrophoresis of proteins from chicken egg white, the column showed high resolution and good reproducibility.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of dyslipidemia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods By independent-samples t test,serum lipid level was compared between 326 SLE patients and 300 healthy controls.The total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were partially compared in subgroups of SLE patients.The correlation of serum TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C with clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in SLE was analyzed by Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis.Results ①The serum levels of TC [(3.8±1.5) mmol/L],TG [(2.1±1.6) mmol/L] and LDL-C [(2.1±0.9) mmol/L] were significantly higher in SLE group than those of the control group [(3.4±0.6),(0.8±0.4),(1.9± 0.5) mmol/L],and the serum level of HDL-C [(1.2±0.9) mmol/L] was significantly lower in SLE group than that of the control group [(2.0±0.5) mmolFL] (t=4.953,P=0.000; t=14.569,P=0.000; t=3.204,P=0.001; t=-14.335,P=0.000].② The serum levels of TC [(4.0± 1.7) mmol/L],TG [(2.5± 1.7) mmol/L] and LDL-C [(2.2±1.0) mmol/L] were significantly higher in LN group than those of the non-LN group [(3.6±1.0),(1.6± 1.0),(1.9±0.7) mmol/L; t=2.646,P=0.009; t=6.292,P=0.000; t=3.261,P=0.001].③ The serum level of TG [(2.2±1.6) vs (1.8±1.4) mmol/L] was significantly higher in SLE patients with hypocomplementemia than that of the normal ones (t =2.098,P=0.038).The serum level of HDL-C [(1.1 ±0.4) vs (1.6± 1.7) mmol/L] was significantly lower in SLE patients with hypocomplementemia than that of the normal ones (t=-2.375,P=0.020).④ The serum level of TG [(2.3±1.7) vs (2.0±1.4) mmol/L] was significantly higher in anti-dsDNA antibody positive patients than that of negative ones (t=1.989,P=0.048).The serum level of HDL-C [(1.5± 0.4) vs (1.4±1.2) mmol/L] was significantly lower in anti-dsDNA antibody positive patients than that of negative ones (t=-2.979,P=0.003).⑤ The lipid level was correlated with the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in SLE patients.Conclusion Dyslipidemia exists in patients with SLE and has close correlation with LN,hypocomplementemia and positive anti-dsDNA antibody.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-αsiRNA on typeⅡcolla-gen induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Methods The expression vectors of siRNA against TNF-αgene were constructed suc-cessfully and were injected by tail veil into CIA rats. Twenty-four CIA rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including model group, empty vector group, TNF-α-siRNA1 group and TNF-α-siRNA2 group. CIA rats were injected with the same dose of phosphate buffered sodium (PBS) and pGFP-V-RS vector respectively in model group and empty vector group, while TNF-α-siRNA1 group and TNF-α-siRNA2 group were injected with TNF-α-siRNA1 eukaryotic expression vector and TNF-α-siRNA2 eukaryotic expression vector respectively. Another 6 rats, which were not established CIA model, were in-jected with PBS (blank control group). The serum expression levels of IL-1 were detected by ELISA on day 1, 5, 9 and 13 af-ter injection. The expression level of TNF-αmRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on day 13. Results The expression level of IL-1 was significantly higher on day 1, 5, 9 and 13 in model group than that of blank group (P＜0.05). The expression levels of IL-1 were significantly lower on day 1, 5 and 9 in TNF-α-siRNA1 group and TNF-α-siRNA2 group than that of model group and blank group (P ＜ 0.05). The expression level of TNF-αmRNA was significantly higher on day 13 in model group than that of blank group (P＜0.05). The expression levels of TNF-αmRNA were significantly lower in TNF-α-siRNA1 group and TNF-α-siRNA2 group than those of model group and emp-ty vector group (P＜0.05). Conclusion TNF-αspecific siRNA can suppress the levels of TNF-αmRNA and IL-1, which provides experimental basis for gene therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.

The Sertoli cell-rich or Sertoli-germ cell aggregates of 15-21 day immature rat testis were cultured in serum-free Ham F-12 medium for observation of the reorganization of the seminiferous tubules in vitro. The results showed that after first week of culture, the cell aggregates were spreaded on the bottom of culture dish as a monolayer consisted of Sertoli cells as well as spermatogenic cells. While after second week these monolayer cell cultures rearranged and transformed into cellular cords which connected each other to form a cellular rete. During this time, there were many small cells with long cytoplasmic processes appeared in the cultures. They looked like immature spermatozoon-like cells which were released from the cellular cords and floated in the medium, however no movement was detected. After third week, the cellular cords developed into a solid or tubule-like structures consisted of Sertoli cells and spermatogenie cells in different stages of spermatogenesis.These cultures have been studied by phase-microscopy in vitro, light and electron microscopy on semithin and ultrathin sections. These studies revealed that the Sertoli cells and Sertoli-germ cell aggregates of immature rat testis, in vitro, not only developed into monolayer cell culture as mentioned, but were also able to be further reconstructed, or reorganized, in some extent, to solid and tubule-like structures. The possible significance and mechanism were discussed.

Objective To compare the theory of mind(TOM) abilities between autistic children's parents and the normal children' s,and to indirectly prove that TOM deficit in autism maybe related to heredity in cognitive neuropsychology.Methods This study examines TOM abilities in 32 autistic children' s parents and 32 normal children' s parents,using the computerized Yoni task and an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests.Results In contrast to findings in the control group,autistic children' s parents showed significantly lower scores in affective theory of mind( (23.06 ±5.12)vs(25.63 ±4.47),P＜0.01 ) and special emotion( ( 10.13 ±4.14)vs ( 14.87 ±2.21 ),P＜0.05),but not in cognitive theory of mind( (22.75 ±5.01 ) vs(22.56 ±5.63),P＞0.05).Conclusion The autistic children' s parents are impaired in affective theory of mind,and to indirectly prove that autistic TOM deficit maybe related to heredity in cognitive neuropsychology.

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of statins on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) of pancreatic islet in rat and to explore its mechanisms. Methods According to the average volume, freshly isolated or 24-hour cultured pancreatic islets were randomly divided into control group( incubated with Kreb-Ringer bicarbonate buffer), the atorvastatin group( incubated with 100 μ mol/L atorvastatin), the fluvastatin group (incubated with 100 μ mol/L fluvastatin)and the pravastatin group (incubated with 100 μ mol/L pravastatin). Stimulated by 2. 8,5. 5,11.1,16. 7 mmol/L and 25.0 mmol/L glucose respectively, the effect of 100 μ mol/L statins on ATP content and GSIS was compared in the four groups. GSIS was performed by the 37℃ bath incubation method and ATP content was measured by chemiluminescence method. Results Incubated with 100 μ mol/L atorvastatin for 30 minutes, in the presence of 16. 7 mmol/L glucose, the ATP content [(9. 54 ± 1. 64) pmol/islet vs ( 12. 33 ± 1.89) pmol/islet] and GSIS (1.60 ± 0. 21 vs 2. 39 ± 0. 30) were significantly reduced in comparison with the control group (P＜0. 05). Cultured with 100 μmol/L fluvastatin for 24 hours, the ATP content [( 10. 24 ±2.01 )pmol/islet vs (12. 31 ±2. 16) pmol/islet] and GSIS (3. 12 ± 0. 32 vs 4. 17 ±0. 37 ) were all significantly decreased at the higher glucose concentration of 16. 7 mmol/L ( P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion Atorvastatin and fluvastatin may inhibit GSIS by decreasing ATP content in pancreatic islet and the inhibitory effect is related to the strength of its lipophilicity.

Objective To compare efficacy of nateglinide or acarbose combined with metformin in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.Methods Ninety-six patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,were randomly to receive nateglinide combined with metformin (group A,n =46) or acarbose combined with metformin (group B,n =42) for four months.Drug dose was adjusted every two weeks.Before and after treatment,oral glucose tolerance test and insulin release test were performed to observe changes of their glucose tolerance,homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ,insulin secretion function of β-cells and glucose disposition index (DI) in the two groups.Results After four-month treatment,six patients restored to normal glucose tolerance and 13 patients returned to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in group A and 12 patients restored to IGT in group B.Their HOMA-IR was markedly improved compared with baseline in both groups,decreased to 7.1 ± 1.3 from 8.6 ± 1.2 in group A and to 6.9 ± 1.7 from 8.6 ± 1.7 in group B ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with group B,early insulin secretion ( LN△I30/△G30 ) obviously improved in group A [( 1.9 ±0.8) vs.(1.6±0.6) mU/mmol] (P＜0.05) and DI also increased (1.05±0.25 vs.0.89±0.21,P＜0.05 ).Conclusions Nateglinide combined with metformin can obviously restore early insulin secretion and improve insulin resistance in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes,thus facilitate restoration of their glucose tolerance.

The association of coagulation function with progressive proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients was retrospectively analyzed.With increasing microalbuminuria,fibrinogen level was increased significantly.Fibrinogen was an independent risk factor of microalbuminuria. In patients as the early-stage diabetic nephropathy (DN)progressed to clinical-stage DN,the baseline level of fibrinogen was also increased [ ( 3.5 ± 0.9 vs 3.0 ± 0.6 ) g/L,P＜0.05 ].Fibrinogen may serve as a useful predictor of progressive proteinuria in type 2 diabetes.