ObjectiveTaking the oligosaccharides in Rehmanniae Radix（RR） as the research object， the content determination method based on high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection（HPLC-ELSD） and thin layer chromatography（TLC） identification method were established to explore the content and distribution of oligosaccharides in different RR herbs and decoction pieces. MethodA total of 10 batches of fresh and raw RR， 12 batches of RR decoction pieces and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata（RRP） were collected. A TLC identification method for fructose， sucrose， manninotriose， raffinose and stachyose in RR was established by using silica gel G thin-layer plates with ethyl acetate-water-anhydrous formic acid-glacial acetic acid（12∶6∶5∶4） as the developing agent and 10% sulfuric acid-ethanol solution as chromogenic agent. A HPLC-ELSD was used to determine the contents of fructose， glucose， sucrose， melibiose， raffinose， manninotriose and stachyose in different RR herbs and decoction pieces. Then principal component analysis（PCA） and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） were used to analyze the contents of 7 kinds of saccharides in RR herbs and decoction pieces， and the differential components were screened with the value of variable importance in the projection（VIP）>1. ResultThe results of TLC identification showed that fresh RR， raw RR and its decoction pieces showed spots of the same color on the corresponding positions with the control products of stachyose， raffinose and sucrose， while the TLC of RRP showed spots of the same color at corresponding positions to manninotriose and fructose controls. The results of methodological investigations of 7 analytes met the requirements of determination. Only glucose， sucrose， raffinose and stachyose were detected in 10 batches of fresh RR and 10 batches of raw RR herbs， the average contents of which were 0.84%， 4.62%， 2.42% and 57.90% in fresh samples， while those were 3.16%， 9.36%， 7.05% and 38.10% in raw samples， respectively. In 12 batches of RR decoction pieces， the contents of the above seven sugars（fructose， glucose， sucrose， melibiose， raffinose， manninotriose and stachyose） were 1.68%， 4.27%， 9.96%， 0.53%， 6.85%， 3.05% and 37.52%， respectively. In 12 batches of RRP， the contents of the above seven sugars were 10.62%， 11.01%， 1.25%， 3.35%， 1.12%， 28.16% and 6.39%， respectively. The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that fresh RR， raw RR and RRP could be distinguished from each other by the contents of the 7 sugars， and the main differential components were stachyose， sucrose， raffinose and manninotriose. ConclusionIn terms of oligosaccharides， the contents and types of saccharides in different herbs and decoction pieces of RR are quite different， and the TLC identification method based on this can be used to distinguish raw RR from RRP， which can lay a foundation for improving the quality standard of RR and developing and applying oligosaccharides in different processed products of RR.

Objective: To explore the development trajectories of quality of life and acceptance of disability of burn patients in the rehabilitation treatment stage and the influencing factors. Methods: Totally 207 burn patients, including 157 males and 50 females, aged (40±13) years, who were in the rehabilitation treatment stage were selected by convenient sampling method from October 2016 to July 2017 in the Department of Burns of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital for this longitudinal study. At discharge and 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge, the patient′s quality of life and acceptance of disability were scored using the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief and Chinese Version of Acceptance of Disability Scale-Revised respectively. Taking the intercept, the slope, and the curve slope as latent variables, the latent second growth curve model was constructed for the quality of life and the acceptance of disability. The robust maximum likelihood estimation (MLR) method was used to estimate the mean, the variance, and the covariance, so as to analyze the discharge level, the growth rate, the acceleration, and the correlation among them. Taking the acceptance of disability, the gender, the cause of burn, the severity of burn, the existence of complications, the payment way, and the education level as covariates, the latent second growth curve model was constructed for the quality of life. The MLR method was used to estimate the influence of covariates on the discharge level, the growth rate, and the acceleration of the quality of life. Results: At discharge and 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge, the quality of life scores of patients were (102±36), (111±36), (118±37), and (122±37) points respectively, and the acceptance of disability scores were (73±17), (75±17), (77±17), and (78±18) points respectively. The estimated mean intercept of the quality of life and the acceptance of disability were 101.680 and 72.993 respectively at discharge, both of which showed a curve increasing trend in 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge (estimated mean slope=11.024, 3.086, t=15.376, 7.476, P<0.01), and the increasing rate (acceleration) gradually slowed down (estimated mean curve slope=-1.393, -0.426, t=-13.339, -4.776, P<0.01). There were significant individual differences in the discharge level and the acceleration of quality of life of patients (estimated intercept variance=1 174.527, t=9.332; estimated curve slope variance=2.379, t=6.402; P<0.01). There were significant individual differences in the discharge level, the growth rate, and the acceleration of patients′ acceptance of disability (estimated intercept variance=267.017, t=9.262; estimated slope variance=32.264, t=2.356; estimated curve slope variance=0.882, t=2.939; P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant correlation among the discharge level, the growth rate, and the acceleration of the quality of life and those of the acceptance of disability of patients (estimated intercept and slope=37.273, -1.457, t=0.859, -0.131; estimated intercept and curve slope=-6.712, -0.573, t=-1.089, -0.248; estimated slope and curve slope=-5.494, -5.988, t=-0.930, -2.512; P>0.05). Among the time-constant covariates, only the severity of burn and the presence of complications had a significant impact on the quality of life of patients at discharge (estimated intercept=-10.721, 5.522, t=-6.229, 1.977, P<0.05 or P<0.01). At discharge and 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge, the level of acceptance of disability had a positive impact on the quality of life of patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.616, 0.669, 0.681, 0.678, t=18.874, 21.660, 22.824, 22.123, P<0.01). Conclusions The initial levels of quality of life and acceptance of disability of burn patients in the rehabilitation treatment stage are relatively low, both with a curve increasing trend over time, and the increasing rate gradually slows down. Patients with complications and serious burns have poor quality of life at discharge, while the acceptance of disability has a positive impact on the quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis of cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: A pair of twins with cerebral palsy and different phenotypes were subjected to whole genome sequencing, and other 8 children with CP were subjected to whole exome sequencing. Genetic variations were screened by a self-designed filtration process in order to explore the CP-related biological pathways and genes. RESULTS: Three biological pathways related to CP were identified, which included axon guiding, transmission across chemical synapses and protein-protein interactions at synapses, and 25 susceptibility genes for CP were identified. CONCLUSION The molecular mechanism of CP has been explored, which may provide clues for development of new treatment for CP.
Cerebral Palsy ; genetics ; Child ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Phenotype ; Whole Exome Sequencing ; Whole Genome Sequencing

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) receiving antiviral treatment. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 3 477 cases with CHB who received antiviral therapy. The prevalence of NAFLD was investigated, and then the risk factors were screened and analyzed by stepwise regression method in CHB patients with NAFLD as the dependent variable and the related influencing factors as independent variables. Results: The prevalence of NAFLD was 24.1% in CHB patients who received antiviral therapy. After adjusting for age and gender, central obesity (OR: 7.44, 95%CI: 6.06 ~ 9.14), hypertension (OR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.51 ~ 2.20), and triglyceride (OR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.18 ~ 1.96) were positively associated with NAFLD, and cirrhosis was negatively associated with NAFLD (OR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.34 ~ 0.53). Patients with long-term antiviral therapy had increased risk of NAFLD. Conclusion A significant proportion of CHB patients receiving antiviral therapy have suffered from NAFLD. Therefore, CHB patients receiving long-term antiviral treatment should pay more attention to the prevalence of NAFLD.

Objective To analyze the CT and MR imaging features of intracranial teratomas to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods Twenty patients with intracranial teratomas,admitted to and performed surgery in our hospital from January 2010 and January 2014,were chosen;the teratoma was confirmed by histopathology.The CT and MR imaging features,clinical and pathology materials of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results Twelve immature teratomas,7 mature teratomas and one teratoma with malignant transformation were noted;18 patients were in the central line area and 2 were not.In the 9 patients performed CT scan,7 showed heterogeneous mass;peritumoral calcification was more common than intratumoral calcification,and it turned out to be round with diameter less than 1 cm,while intratumoral calcification was multifocally strip and patchy.In the 17 patients performed MR imaging,14 showed heterogeneous signal and fatty signal was detected in 3;enhanced MR imaging showed that 6 presented nodular enhancement,3 presented multilocular enhancement markedly,patchy enhancement showed in 2,and one showed marked enhancement in mural nodule and cystic wall.In 8 patients performed diffusion-weighted imaging,7 displayed hypointense to isointense and one demonstrated isointense to hyperintense.Conclusions Intracranial teratoma has some characteristic imaging features,so by combining clinical materials,it should be considered when fatty component is detected in a heterogeneous intensity tumor with multiple cystic change,calcification and a hypointense to isointense signal on DWI;however,pathology is needed to make a definite diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo appraise the clinical efficacy, safety and compliance of the intervention of spleen-restoring decoction combined with dormancy hygiene education and the intervention of spleen-restoring decoction alone on sub-healthy insomnia of deficiency of both the heart and spleen pattern.

METHODStudy design took multi-centers, blind and randomized control trial, 107 participants with sub-healthy insomnia of deficiency of both the heart and spleen pattern were assigned to A group (52 cases) which was treated with the intervention of spleen-restoring decoction combined with dormancy hygiene education and B group (55 cases) which was treated with the intervention of spleen-restoring decoction single, compared by efficacy, PSQI score, CGI score, WHOQOL-BREF score and security.

RESULTThe efficacy of two group was 79.58%. There was no significant different between them. The PSQI scores before treatment was (11.80 +/- 2.08) and which afer treatment was (6.78 +/- 2.84) of A group. The PSQI scores before treatment was (11.61 +/- 2.00) and which afer treatment was (6.73 +/- 2.27) of B group. There was significant difference in PSQI scores both A group and B group after treatment (P < 0.01); the results of CGI score and WHOQOL-BREF score before and after measurement showed the same as PSQI. There were no significant difference between two groups in all scores after treatment and there was no interaction between time pots and treatment factors . Withdrawal reaction analysis: comparing CGI after withdraw 2 weeks and at the end of treatment course, there was no significant difference between two groups. The same result was in comparison among groups.

CONCLUSIONBoth the intervention of spleen-restoring decoction integrating with dormancy hygiene education and spleen-restoring decoction had obvious clinical efficacy on treating subhealthy insomnia of deficiency of both the heart and spleen pattern, and had high compliance and safety. The intervention of spleen-restoring decoction integrating with dormancy hygiene education showed no better clinical efficacy than spleen-restoring decoction did.

Adult ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Splenic Diseases ; drug therapy

Microtus fortis is naturally resisitent to Schistosoma japonicum. In order to find schistosome-resistence-related genes of Microtus fortis, a T7 phage-display cDNA library from liver of Microtus fortis was screened with the soluble lysate of schistosomula. The specific phages were enriched 375-fold after 3 rounds of biopanning. Ninety-two positive clones picked at random were sequenced and 19 ESTs including 6 unreported genes were obtained. Compared with the negative phage clone control, five positive clones, No.4 (GenBank Accession No.: EW968294), No.13 (GenBank Accession No.: EW968303), No.14 (GenBank Accession No.: EW968304), No.15 (GenBank Accession No.: EW968305) and No.18 (GenBank Accession No.: EW968308) could induce significantly higher schistosomula mortality rate when co-cultivated with schistosomula. According to the function analysis and the shistosomula-killing effect in vitro, the genes encoding CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform protein, alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein, M4 protein, R3H domain (binds single-stranded nucleic acids) isoform 2 and 3 previously unreported proteins (No.14, No.15 and No.18) obtained here, were schistosomiasis-resistence-related genes of Microtus fortis.
Animals ; Arvicolinae ; genetics ; parasitology ; Bacteriophage T7 ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Gene Library ; Genes, Helminth ; genetics ; Immunity, Innate ; genetics ; Larva ; genetics ; growth & development ; Liver ; chemistry ; Schistosoma japonicum ; genetics ; growth & development

[Objective]To research the biomechanical influence of posteriomedial fractures on proximal femur.[Method]Three dimensional finite element models of intact and osteotomied proximal femurs were established from computerized tomographic(CT)scanning images,and finite element analysis was undertaken.[Result]The maximum equivalent stress was located at the anteriomedial of the defection of the proximal femur.The stress of femoral neck,as well as the medial and lateral femoral cortex was not significantly changed after isolated lesser trochanteric fracture.However,with half of the medial cortex involved,the stress of the medial and lateral femur increased by 47% and 12%,respectively.If the entire medial cortex was involved,the stress of medial and lateral femur increased by 247% and 66%,respectively.[Conclusion]Different types of posteriomedial fragments have different effects on the stress distribution and quantity of proximal femur.When treating intertrochanteric fractures using dynamical hip screw,the fragments should be differently treated based on its types considering for biomechanical effects.

Objective To screen protective antigen genes and construct the T7 phage display library from adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum.Methods Total RNA was extracted from adult worms of S.japonicum by Trizol reagent and mRNA was isolated from the total RNA.The ds cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription using random primer.Directional EcoRⅠ/HindⅢ linkers were ligated into the ends of ds cDNA and the ds cDNA was digested with EcoRⅠand HindⅢ,which resulted in ds cDNA with EcoRⅠand HindⅢ adhering ends.The digested ds cDNA fragments longer than 300 bp in length were fractionated and ligated into T7 Select 10-3b vector.After packaging in vitro,the T7 Select 10-3b vector was transformed into BLT5403 to construct the T7 phage display cDNA library.Plaque assay and PCR were used to evaluate the library.Seven known objective genes of S.japonicum were screened by PCR to detect the representation of the library.Result Primary library capacity was 4.98?106 pfu,and the titer of amplified library was 3.85?1011 pfu/mL.The PCR identification result of 96 clones picked at random showed that recombination rate was 93.8%,in which 95.6% inserted cDNA fragments were longer than 300 bp in length.All the seven known objective genes of S.japonicum were amplified from the library.Conclusion The T7 phage display library from adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum was constructed.

Objective To clone full length gene sequence containing open reading frame (ORF) of Schistosoma japonicum SJCHGC08304, analyse its category encoding Wnt protein, and to understand the mRNA expression dynamics of the gene during different developmental stages. Methods Based on a EST identified in Genbank, the full length gene of SJCHGC08304 was cloned with RACE technique from 7 d hepatic schistosomula and 42 d adult worms, and its complete ORF was analysed by bioinformatics tools. The expression of the gene during different developmental stages was analysed by using Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR technique. Results A new gene was obtained, containing a complete ORF with 2 604 nucleotides, and encoding 867 amino acid with 98.264 kD of molecular mass. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed that the mRNA level of this gene was the highest in the 18 d schistosomula, followed by 14 d schistosomula, 42 d male worms, 32 d adult worms, egg, 23 d adult worms, 27 d adult worms, respectively, and there were no expression of the gene in 42 d female worms. Conclusions The gene has a typical characteristics of Wnt frizzled family proteins, the similarity is best to Xenopus laevis. By comparison analysis to speculate as Fz5 gene, we denominate this gene as "sjFz5" (GenBank accession No. EU370926). SjFz5 has differential expressions during different developmental stages.