Objective The study is to investigate the effects of skin protectant carried out among the patients with incontinence,analyze the risk factors and protective factors of the occurrence of incontinence-associated dermatitis,and provide effective preventive measures for clinic.Methods From May 2013 to January 2014,174 cases of high-risk patients with incontinence from care units of intensive care unit,neurology intensive care unit,neurosurgery intensive care unit,and emergency intensive care unit of a top three hospital of Nantong were divided into three groups and provided with preventive interventions of skin protectant.Group A used ostomy skin care powder,group B used tannic acid ointment,and group C used Comfeel skin protective film.The incidence rate and time to onset of incontinence-associated dermatitis were compared,and then the relevant factors which might cause the occurrence of incontinence-associated dermatitis underwent Logistic regression analysis.Results 32 cases (18.4％) of patients after application of skin protectants occurred incontinence-associated dermatitis.The incidence rate of IAD in the three experiment groups (group A,group B and group C) were 30.4％,10.3％ and 15.0％.The incidence rate of IAD was the lowest in group B,followed by group C and group A.There was a significant difference among the three groups.In the comparison pair match,the differences of incidence rate between group A and group B,group A and group C were statistically significant,but the incidence rate of group B and group C was statistically insignificant.Mean time to onset of incontinence-associated dermatitis was (7.00± 3.91) days.The occurrence time of IAD among the three groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions In the process of incontinence care,it should be given as early as possible to clean the peri-anal skin and apply skin protectant with better preventive effects.

Objective To study the relationship between the number of examined lymph nodes and the prognosis of colorectal cancer by TNM stage. Methods According to the number of examined lymph nodes, 567 patients of colorectal carcinoma who underwent resection were divided into three groups: ≤ 6,7-11 and ≥ 12, the 5-year overall survival rates of three groups were compared. For each TNM stage ( stage Ⅰ -Ⅳ ) , patients were substratified into two groups basing on the number of examined lymph nodes:<12 group and ≥12 group, the 5-year survival rates of two groups in each TNM stage were assessed, and prognostic factors of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage were analyzed. 5-year survival curves were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Cox proportional models were used to conduct multivariate analyses of prognostic factors. Results The average number of examined lymph nodes was 16. 75 ±9. 88. With the patients grouped by the number of lymph nodes ( ≤6,7 -11 and ≥12 nodes) , the 5-year survival rate was 32. 3% , 43. 8% , and 57. 7% , the univariable analysis indicated that the 5-year survival rate of ≥ 12 examined nodes were significantly higher than the other groups (P<0. 05). There was no difference between two groups in the 5-year survival rates of stage Ⅰ or Ⅳ colorectal cancer (89. 5% vs.89. 1% ,8. 0% vs. 18. 2% , P>0. 05 ) , however, the 5-year survival rates of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer in ≥12 group were significantly higher than<12 group(71. 1% vs. 32. 6% ,48. 8% vs. 30. 0% ,P<0. 05) , multivariable analysis revealed that the number of lymph nodes examined was an independent factor of prognosis of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer. Conclusions The number of examined lymph nodes significantly influenced the 5-year overall survival rate of TNM stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the status of the anxiety and depression in the patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury, and the measures to cope with it. Methods Sixty cases of patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury were evaluated with Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and SelfRating Depression Scale (SDS), the results were compared with those of the domestic norm of healthy individuals. Results The scores of patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury were higher than that of domestic norm of healthy individuals. 54 cases had anxious symptom (90.00%), and 37 had depression.The causes led to anxiety and depression mainly came from the suffering of the disease, the influence of the work as well as the study and the cost of the treatment. Conclusions The patients with paralysis after spinal cord injury had mental problems, they need to be interfered with by healthy education and mental nursing in order to promote rehabilitation.

The incidence, mortality and survivorship of female breast cancer in China, and the distribution of its several key characteristics were described brielfy in this article. The breast cancer incidence and mortality rates among Chinese women were increasing rapidly, especially in rural area during the recent 10 years, though they were still in low level worldwidely. The distribution of breast cancer incidence and mortality among Chinese women by age and district were showing signiifcant characters. The total survival rate was estimated to be closed to the average level of developing countries, while disparity between urban and rural area was recognized. Because of lacking population data, it is dififcult to describe the characteristics on histological subtypes, stages on diagnosis and molecular subtypes nationwide. The national strategies on breast cancer prevention and control should be focused on disease surveillance, etiological research and survival study. Moreover, measurement should be taken to improve the capacity on breast cancer prevention, screening and clinical services in rural area, in order to narrow the gap of survivorship between urban and rural area and control the rapid increase of mortality in rural area.

Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the perineal assessment tool (PAT),and explore its applicability in domestic patients with incontinence.Methods A convenience sample of 100 patients were recruited for evaluation.The patients with incontinence were assessed for lAD risk using the Chinese version of PAT.The reliability tests were conducted on internal consistency,interrater,test-retest,and the validity tests were conducted on content validity index(CVI),exploratory factor analysis,receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC).Results The Chinese version of PAT comprised 4 items,Cronbach's α was 0.512,and items related to the total score was appropriate; inter-rater reliability was 0.889; test-retest reliability was 0.791.CVI was 0.95.Exploratory analysis showed that the most interpretable solution consisted of 2 factors.The accumulative variance contribution explained 67.397％ of variance of the total scale.Predictive validity was moderate,the best cut-off point was determined at 6.5 points.Conclusions Due to the special design,its internal consistency reliability was low; content validity was relatively sufficient,but it still needs further revision and test.Inter-rater reliability,test-retest reliability,construct validity,predictive validity was generally good,and it could be used as the screening tool of IAD risk.The results prompt PAT could be used as a benchmark,and we can adjust the entry of PAT to provide a more accurate IAD predicting tool by studying the IAD risk factors.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot on blood pressure in an animal model of high/low blood pressure and explore the specific effect of the meridian points-the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot.Methods The study included the parts of hypertension and hypotenstion. Both parts were allocated to the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot, non-acupoint, model and blank groups, six rats each. Except the model and blank groups, all the groups were given acupuncture treatment for seven consecutive days. Blood pressure was measured after the completion of treatment. Five consecutive measurements were made in each rat. Mean values of blood pressure were taken.Results For the part of hypertension, blood pressure at each time point was higher in the acupuncture groups than in the blank control group and lower than in the model group, and there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05), indicating that acupuncture at the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot has a hypotensive effect. The hypotensive effects of Taichong and Taixi were better than those of Taibai and the non-acupoint (P<0.05). The hypotensive effects of Taichong and Taixi were equal (P>0.05). The hypotensive effect of Taibai was equal to that of the non-acupoint (P>0.05). For the part of hypotension, blood pressure at each time point was lower in the acupuncture groups than in the blank control group and higher than in the model group, and there were statistically significant differences (P<0.05), indicating that acupuncture at the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot has a pressor effect. The pressor effect was worse in the the non-acupoint group than in the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot group (P<0.05). The pressor effects of Taibai and Taixi were equal but worse than that of Taichong (P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture at the primary points of the three yin meridians of the foot has a specific bidirectional regulating effect on blood pressure. Of them, point Taichong produces a best bidirectional regulating effect on blood pressure.

Objective:To Study the efficacy and satety of lamivudine in the treatment of CHB and HBV carrier.　Methods:All patients were divided into three groups. 21 patients with CHB were classified CHB test group(namely groupⅠ), 16 HBV carries were classified ASC test group(namely Group Ⅱ), 40 patients with CHB were CHB controlled group(namely controlled group). Both group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ received lamivudine, group Ⅰ was added protecting liver therapy. The controlled group only received protecting liver therapy. The treatment courses of three groups were one year. 　Results:The effective rates of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were higher than the controlled group in turning into negative HBeAg and HBV-DNA, both the negative-turning rate of liver functions and hepatic serology target declining fibrosis in group Ⅰ was more significant than the controlled group without severe side effect. 　Conclusion:Lamivudin is efficient and safe medicine in the treatment of CHB and HBV carrier.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the expression of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) and the occurrence of apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells (CRC). Methods:Immunohistochemical assays of GOLPH3 and caspase-3 were performed on the paraffin-embedded sections of 62 CRC samples using the standard streptavidin-peroxidase technique. The apoptotic index of the CRCs was examined using the in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling technique. The relationship of the GOLPH3 expression, the cell apoptosis, and the clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Results:The positive rates of GOLPH3 expression were significantly higher in the CRC tissues (53.2%) than in the normal colorectal mucosa (37.2%;P<0.05). Likewise, GOLPH3 expression was significantly higher in poorly differentiated cancer tissue, tissue outside the serous membrane, metastatic lymph node tissue, and the stage III CRCs, as compared with those of the moderately to well differentiated tissue, tissue inside the serous membrane, lymph node tissue without metastasis, and the stage I to II CRCs (P<0.05). However, GOLPH3 expression was not significantly correlated with the other clinicopathologic pa-rameters, namely, the age and sex of the patients as well as the site, depth, and length of the invasive tumor (P>0.05). The caspase-3 expression and apoptotic index were significantly lower in the GOLPH3-positive CRC tissue than in the GOLPH3-negative tissue (P<0.05). GOLPH3 expression was negatively correlated with the apoptotic index of CRCs based on the Spearman correlation (r=-0.320, P<0.05). Conclusion:GOLPH3 overexpression in CRC tissue is negatively correlated with apoptotic index.

Objective To explore the effect of early phase rehabilitation training on the urination function recovery of the patients with paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods Sixty-six patients with paraplegia caused by SCI were selected and divided into the rehabilitation and the control group.The rehabilitation group of patients received early phase rehabilitation training on the urination function,the control group received routine training on the urination training and urinary catheter nursing care.The urination function recovery effect was compared between two groups.Results The urination function recovery effect of the rehabilitation group was significantly better than the control group.Conclusions The usage of early phases of urination training measures on the SCI paraplegia patients can help them cast off the catheter,build up regular urination,and reduce complications.

BACKGROUND:Acupuncture point matching is little reported in the electroacupuncture for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence of electroacupuncture acupoints selected by orthogonal experiment on rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion and extracel ular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signal pathway.
METHODS:150 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups:sham operation group rats were exposed the middle cerebral artery only;models of cerebral ischemia reperfusion were established in the rats in model and orthogonal groups. Then rats in the orthogonal groups 1 (Baihui (DU 20), Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36), and Chize (LU 5)), 2 (Baihui (DU 20), Zusanli (ST 36), Chize (LU 5), and Sanyinjiao (SP 6)) and 3 (Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Chize (LU 5) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6)) were given electroacupuncture at acupoints selected by orthogonal experiment, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, in al orthogonal groups, the neurological function deficit scores were decreased, infarct volume was smal er, the number of microvessel density in the ischemia region and the p-ERK expression level in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region of ischemic hemisphere were increased, and significant changes were found in the orthogonal group 3. These findings indicate that electroacupuncture at points of Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Chize (LU 5) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) selected by orthogonal experiment can significantly reduce the infarct volume of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats possibly by regulating the ERK signaling pathway.