The toxic Chinese materia medicia (CMM) has been considered as the combination of active ingredients and toxic ingredients. After reviewing on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM),combined with clinical and experimental researches,it was found that the two kinds of ingredients have dialectical relationship,they were manifested with "double-side" or "multi-surface" ,even could change into each other. Based on the above understanding,the new research mehods were proposed as follows:Evaluating toxicity of toxic CMM under the physiological and pathological states; Establishing its drug-nature and toxicity under the different pathological states; Focusing on different pathological states to establish the best combination of active and toxic ingredients; Exploring the transitional mechanism of the active and toxic ingredients.

This study was aimed to observe the effect of Pediatric Long-term Cough Decoction in the treatment of long-term cough among children. A total of 96 cases were diagnosed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as qi-yin deficiency, and lung-heat accumulation with constipation. The western medicine diagnosis was mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) infection in the recovery period after chronic cough. All cases were randomly divided into the TCM group and control group, with 48 cases in each group. In TCM group, the Pediatric Long-term Cough Decoction was used to supplement qi and nourish yin, clear away the lung-heat and excrete feces. In the control group, montelukast was used. For both groups, clinical effect of score and CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were observed one day before treatment and thirty days after treatment. The results showed that after thirty-day treatment, the clinical effect of score in both groups was obviously improved (P < 0.01). The TCM group was better than the control group (P< 0.01). Compared with pretreatment, the posttreatment CD4+ T lympho-cytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in TCM group were obviously improved (P < 0.05). The CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the control group were obviously improved (P < 0.05). However, there was no change on the CD8+ T lymphocytes. The regulation effect on CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes of TCM group was better than the control group (P< 0.01). It was concluded that the Pediatric Long-term Cough Decoction can effectively improve clinical symptoms of chronic cough in children and regulate immune function.

Objective To study the ultrasonic features of fetus deformity.Methods 34 cases with fetus defomity were examined by Aloka 280 B-mode ultrasound and Hp-image point system(3.5 MHz transducer).Results Of the thirty-four cases with fetus deformity,thirty-one cases were seen and proved by the clinical induced labour and parturition.Only three of the cases were misdiangnosed.Conclusion Examination with the ultrasonic equipment is a simple and convenient way in the antenantal examination.Fetus deformity often exists simultaneously with various types of deformity and has close relationship with the amount of amniatic fluid.

Objective:To determine the relationship between brachia l artery blood pressure and radial artery blood pressure in children and whether blood pressure measured from the radial artery can replace blood pr essure measured from the brachial artery. Methods:Brachial and rad ial artery pressures in 105 children were measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer.Results:There was no significant difference between the average values of blood pressures of the brachial and radial arteries in the 105 children studied (P>0.05). Linear regression and correlation analyses showed that there was a positive linear correlation between the systolic pressure of the b rach ial artery and the radial artery in the 105 children, as well as a posit ive linear correlation between the diastolic pressures of the brachial and the radial arteries. Conclusion:Blood pressure values from the radial artery can completely replace blood pressure values from the brachial artery.

The main pathological change of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was the formation of senile plaques (SP) induced by the abnormal accumulation ofβ-amyloid protein (Aβ). Blood-brain barrier (BBB) can regulate the Aβ metabolism in the brain through relevant transporter to complete the across BBB transport. This paper introduced two main transporters, which were the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) in BBB for the elucidation of neuronal cell toxicity induced by inflammatory factors from Aβ accumulation within the brain. It further explored the regulation on two transport proteins, which were RAGE and LRP-1 in BBB for the reduction of abnormal accumulation of Aβ, relieving of inflammation in the brain, and protection of cerebral neurons by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Based on the accurate cognition about tumor pathology,relying on observation of clinic cases,combining unsettled problems about tumor,instructed by theory of pathogenesis,the project puts forward the cancerous toxin-rooted and rising and falling of vital qi and pathogen-determined tumor viewpoint.The purpose of this paper is to provide methods and theory for treatment of tumor.

AIM: To study the blood quickening and stasis dispelling effect of the different processed products of Rhizoma Curcumae by rat's platelet aggregation in vivo and its hemorrheological properties and blood coagulation. METHODS: The platelet aggregation determination, hemorrheological properties determination and mice blood coagulation method were used to observe the blood quickening and stasis dispelling effect of the different processed products of Rhizoma Curcumae. RESULTS: The different processed products of Rhizoma Curcumae all had some inhibition on platelet aggregation, anticoagulation and improvement on the hemorrheological parameters. Among all of them, the processed product with vinegar was the most strong. CONCLUSION: In traditional processes, pharmacological test shows that Rhizoma Curcumae processed with vinegar has the best effects.

Objective To observe the effects of total saponins of tribulus of various consistency on the differentiation of neural hippocampus stem cells. Methods The hippocampus stem cells from newborn rat were obtained by serum-free medium and single-cell cloning technique. Hippocampus stem cells were induced by total saponins of tribulus of various consistency. Nestin, BrdU, neurofilament (NF-200), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression were detected using immunocytochemical stains. The numbers of NF and GFAP positive cells were counted. The percentages of positive cells were obtained. Results The dissociated cells from the organ of hippocampus developed into much of indiffrentiated otopheres of nestin positive cells. The hippocampus stem cell differentiated into neurons and astrocytes with the total saponins of tribulus. The percentage of NF positive neuron in the 20 mg/kg consistency of total saponins of tribulus groups was significantly higher than that in the control group and other consistency of total saponins of tribulus groups. Conclusion Total saponins of tribulus may enhance neural hippocampus stem cells differentiate into NF positive neuron.

To develop a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of isoguanosine in Semen Crotonis Tiglii.

Objective To evaluate the value of dual energy CT with Lung Vessels application in diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) of children.Methods Forty-seven patients with nephrotic syndrome and aged ≤ 18 years old (32 male,15 female,mean age 15 years) underwent dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA).Two radiologists recorded the presence or absence of emboli and counted the clots on a per-patient and per-lobe basis with Lung Vessels,respectively.With conventional CTPA as reference standard,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value (PPV),negative predictive value (NPV) of Lung Vessels application to detect PE were computed for two readers.Inter-reader agreement was also calculated.Results Conventional CTPA detected 51 clots in 35 lung lobes in 13 patients,giving PE incidence was 27.6％ (13/47) for this cohort.On a per-patient basis,readers 1 and 2 detected 25 and 21 patients with PE with Lung Vessels,corresponding to sensitivities,specificities,PPVs,and NPVs of 100.0％ (13/13),58.6％ (17/29),43.3％ (13/30),100.0％ (17/17) and 100.0％ (13/13),76.5％ (21/29),50.0％ (13/26),100.0％ (21/21),respectively.On a per-lung lobe basis,readers 1 and 2 detected 74 and 63 clots with Lung Vessels,respectively,corresponding to sensitivities,specificities,PPVs,and NPVs of 94.3％ (33/35),79.5％ (159/200),44.6％ (33/74),98.7％ (159/161) and 97.1％ (34/36),85.5％ (171/200),54.0％ (34/63),98.8％ (171/173),respectively.On a per-clot basis,134 and 105 clots were detected with Lung Vessels application,corresponding to sensitivities,specificities,PPVs,and NPVs for DECT of 96.1％ (49/51),64.9％ (159/245),36.3％ (49/135),98.7％ (159/161) and94.1％ (48/51),75.0％ (171/228),45.7％ (48/105),98.3％ (171/174)for readers 1 and 2,respectively.Excellent or good inter-reader agreement was observed on a per-patient,per-lobe and per-clot basis (Kappa =0.828,0.859,0.695 ; all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Dual-energyCT with Lung Vessels application has a high sensitivity and negative predictive value for PE detection in children.More clots are detected with Lung Vessels application than conventional CTPA,which deserve further investigation.