Objective To discuss the allocation of oral medical resource in west area of Chongqing,and investigate the caries prevalence in these population.Methods Study samples was raised with the multistage stratified random cluster sampling method,then data was analyzed to compare the allocation of oral medical.Resource,awareness degree on oral health and caries prevalence in each age grade between urban and rural area.Results In west area of Chongqing,the allocation of oral medical resource and awareness degree on oral health were better in urban area than those in rural area.In each age grade,the caries prevalence is higher in rural area,when compared with that in urban area.In addition,the caries prevalence of 5 years old group and 12 years old group is the same between male and female in both urban area and rural area (P＞0.05).Nevertheless,in 35-44 years old and 65-74 years old group,the caries prevalence was higher in female compared with male in both urban area and rural area (P＜0.05).Conclusion In west area of chongqing,the rural allocation of oral medical resource is bad and needs improvement,the awareness of oral hygiene is weak among population of rural area.In west area of Chongqing,women in 35-44 years and 65-74 years old should pay more attention to caries prevention and treatment.