[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students.METHODSStratified cluster sampling was conducted with the school as a unit. The investigated subjects included the 7 to 15 years old students from the primary and middle school in Beijing Dongcheng District and Changping District. The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed allergic rhinitis questionnaire. Allergen skin prick test was performed in students randomly selected from those who participated the questionnaire survey. The results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS1. The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 49.68% in Beijing primary and middle school students. 2. Self-reported prevalence increased with age going up. 3. City center self-reported prevalence was higher than that in suburb areas. 4. The confirmed prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students was 21.09%, in which, the male prevalence rate was 24.83% and the female prevalence rate was 14.11%. 5. The 5.14% of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma.CONCLUSIONThe self-reported and confirmed prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Beijing primary and middle school students was 49.68% and 21.09% respectively.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the species distribution of the common inhaled allergens among the primary and middle school students in Beijing.METHODSA total of 1280 students who were randomly selected underwent 20 kinds of common allergen skin prick test. Skin prick test were positive in 495 students.RESULTS49.3% of the Beijing primary and secondary school students were positive for more than four kinds of allergens. The dust mites and fall pollen allergens were positive at the same time in 37.4% of the allergen positive students. The commonest three allergens were D. farina, D. pteronginus and Large seed fleabane pollen in urban area, and were dermatophagoides farinae, willow tree pollen and Large seed fleabane pollen in suburban area. The positive rate of skin prick test decreased with age.CONCLUSIONThe dust mites and fall pollen are the most important allergens in primary and middle school students in Beijing.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of the video of head-eye movement training in vestibular rehabilitation.METHODS 37 patients aged between 30 and 76 years old with vestibular dysfunction underwent two weeks of rehabilitation with the video of head-eye movement training. The results of dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), dizziness analogue scale, and the Romberg static balance tests were recorded before and after the rehabilitation.RESULTS After the rehabilitation, there was significant decrease in the scores of DHI and dizziness analog scale(allP>0.001), and there was significant improvement in the time of Romberg static balance tests(P>0.001).CONCLUSION The video of head-eye movement training is an effective method in vestibular rehabilitation.

Objective: To explore the use of personal audio devices and hearing impairment among high school students, so as to provide reference for the development of adolescent hearing health work. Methods: The simple random sampling method was used to collect research data relating to 1 768 high school students. The situation of personal audio players, headphone and hearing damage were investigated by using a self designed questionnaire, so as to identify the related factors of hearing impairment which were analyzed statistically by multivariate Logistic regression. Results: The use rate of PAP and earphones was 98.64% and 94.12 %, respectively, and the use rate of female students(99.68%, 96.42%) was higher than that of male students(97.43%, 91.43 %)( χ 2=16.69, 19.79, P <0.01). Hearing impairment accounted for 13.35%. The Logistic regression analysis showed that PAP service years ( OR =1.59, P <0.05) were related to hearing impairment. Gender ( OR =0.60), in ear earphones ( OR =1.38), earplug earphones ( OR =1.37), and quiet use >1 h ( OR =1.50) were independently influenced with symptoms of hearing impairment during/after earphone use( P <0.05). Conclusion High usage rates of personal audio equipment among high school students lead to hearing impairment and related symptoms. Non essential use should be reduced.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the normal values of acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry in adult Chinese, analyze the effect of sex and age on the value and investigate the correlation between the two methods. METHOD: One hundred and three normal adults were recruited, Eccovision acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the minimum cross-sectional area (MCA) and the nasal volume from 0-5 cm, 2-5 cm, 0-7 cm (V5, V2-5, V7); ATMO 300 Rhinomanometry was used to measure unilateral and bilateral nasal resistance at 75 Pa and 150 Pa point (R75, R150, R75T, R150T) by anterior active rhinomanometry. RESULT: MCA was (0.66+/-0.18)cm2 for male, (0.57+/-0.16)cm2 for female; V5 was (5.35+/-1.40)cm3 for male, (4.50+/-1.19)cm3 for female; V2-5 was (3.53+/-1.23)cm3 for male; (3.09+/-1.08)cm3 for male; V7 was (9.26+/-2.73)cm3 for male; (8.04+/-2.40)cm3 for female; R75 was (0.66+/-0.34)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for male, (0.77+/-0.33)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for female; R150 was (0.51+/-0.22)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for male, (0.58+/-0.22)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for female, R75T was (0.30+/-0.12)Pa x cm(-3 ) x s(-1) for male, (0.39+/-0.14)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for female; R150T was (0.24+/-0.09)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for male, (0.29+/-0.09)Pa x cm(-3) x s(-1) for female. Significant gender difference was shown in MCA, V5, V2-5, V7, R75, R75T, no significant gender difference was found in R150 and R150T. There was significant correlation between MCA, V5, R75 and age; and there was no significant correlation between R150 and age; significant correlation was found between R75, R150 and MCA, V5, V2-5, V7. CONCLUSION There is correlation between acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry. A statistically significant difference is found between male and female, and age can affect the measurement.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Airway Resistance ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Pressure ; Reference Values ; Respiratory Physiological Phenomena ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the curative effect and mechanism of α lipoic acid combined with epalrestat and methylcobalamin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with pe-ripheral neuropathy ( DPN) . Methods A total of 160 cases of patients with DPN were randomly divided into the control group ( treated with methylcobalamin and epalrestat) and the observation group ( treated with methylcobalamin, epalrestat and α lipoic acid) , and all patients were treated for 4 weeks. The therapeutic effect, nerve conduction velocity, oxidative stress index and related proteins expression in serum were ob-served in two groups. Results The effective rate of treatment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (87. 50％ vs 75. 0％) (χ2 = 4. 103,P<0. 05). After treatment, the sensory nerve conduction velocity ( SNCV) and motor nerve conduction velocity ( MNCV) of median nerve and common peroneal nerve were significantly better in the observation group than the control group ( P<0. 05 ) . After treatment, the level of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) was significantly higher in the observation group than the control group, while the level of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) was significantly lower the control group (P<0. 05). After treatment, the level of Bcl-2 protein was significantly higher in observation group than the control group, while the levels of Bax and Caspase-3 proteins were significantly lower than the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusions The application ofαlipoic acid combined to epalrestat and methylcobal-amin in the treatment of DPN can significantly improve the sensory and motor nerve conduction.