Objective To evaluate if replication-defective herpes simplex virus mediated kynurenine aminotransferase Ⅱ (HSV-KAT Ⅱ) could inhibit detrusor overactivity (DO) in rats with spinal cord injury by bladder wall injection.Methods From June 2012 to July 2013,48 male Wistar rats with T10 spinal cord transection (SCT) were randomly divided into normal saline group,HSV group and HSV-KAT Ⅱ group (n=16 each group).Normal saline (40 μl),HSV or HSV-KAT Ⅱ (40 μl,1×107 plaque forming unit viruses) was injected into the rat bladder wall of according group by 1 week after SCT.Three weeks after injection,cystometry was performed and the virus transfected efficiency,expression of KAT Ⅱ in L6-S1 dorsal root ganglia were examined.Results The DO number,DO amplitude,maximum voiding pressure and volume inducing voiding were decreased significantly by 59.6％-61.1％,21.6％-24.2％,30.3％-34.4％ and 44.1％-46.5％ (P＜0.01),while voiding efficiency,the time to first DO were increased significantly by 40.7％-47.7％ and 30.1％-49.0％ (P＜0.01) in the HSV-KAT Ⅱ group compared with normal saline group and HSV group.However,the leaking volumes were no significantly different among the 3 groups (P＞0.05).The relative intensity of KAT Ⅱ protein (0.50±0.13 versus 0.28±0.07,P＜0.05) and mRNA (0.78±0.06 versus 0.51±0.08,P＜0.01) were increased significantly in HSV-KAT Ⅱ group than those in HSV group.Conclusion HSV-KATⅡ bladder wall injection inhibits DO and may improve detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia in rats with spinal cord injury.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in regenerative nodules(RNs)and small hepatocellular carcinoma(sHCC).Methods Thirty-four cases of liver cirrhosis with small nodule were examined by CEUS.Among these cases,18 cases with 20 lesions were diagnosed s HCC,16 cases with 18 lesions were diagnosed RN eventually,all the diagnoses were confirmed by pathology.Perfusion characteristic and quantitative difference of RNs and sHCC were summarized.Results ①The majority of sHCC showed hyper-enhancement during the arterial phase,iso-enhancement or hypo-enhancement during the portal phase,hypo-enhancement during the late phase.The enhanced phase and degree of RNs were diverse,most of RNs showed iso enhancement during the three phases.The enhanced phase of two groups had significant difference(P ＜0.05).②The enhancement type of RNs and sHCC had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).③ 11 of 20 sHCC lesions showed contrast-enhancement pattern of fast-in and slow-out,9 lesions were fast-in and fast-out;among 18 RNs,1 lesion enhanced during the portal phase and the late phase,it didn't enhanced during the arterial phase,3 lesions started to enhanced at the late arterial phase,14 lesions were iso-enhancement during the three phases.④Comparison of parameters of RNs and the adjacent liver parenchyma had no significant difference(P ＞0.05).Compared with the adjacent liver parenchyma or RNs,the arrival time and peak time were shorter,the peak intensity and the curve sharpness were higher in sHCC (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions CEUS is a useful method to distinguish RNs and sHCC in liver cirrhosis.

Objective To explore the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on the activity and gene expressions of glu-cose transporters in the cultured rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes under anoxic condition. Methods The cultured rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes were treated for 6 days by intermittently exposing to hypoxic gas mixture (1% O_2, 10% CO_2, 89% N_2) for20 min each day. 24 h after the last hypoxic exposure, the cells were exposed to anoxic gas mixture (10% CO_2, 90% N_2) for 6 h, and the uptake rate of [~3H]-2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), the levels of glucose transporter GLUT1 and GLUT3 mRNAs and the cell survival rate were examined im-mediately after anoxic exposure. Results Neurons and astrocytes preconditioned with hypoxia showed higher 2-DG uptake rates and increased expressions of GLUT 1 mRNA in the astrocytes and GLUT 1 and GLUT 3 mRNA in the neurons. The preconditioned neurons also showed an increased tolerance to anoxia. Conclusion Hypoxic precon-ditioning up-regulates the activity and gene expressions of glucose transporters of hippocampal neurons and astro-cytes under anoxic condition.

Objective To evaluate the value of MicroPure imaging system of ultrasonography in display of breast calcification,and explore its clinical application value.Methods One hundred and forty-one patients underwent by mammography,conventional ultrasound imaging and MicroPure imaging,the mammography results were reference standard,observing the display rate of MicroPure imaging for calcification,and the value of MicroPure imaging in the display of calcification with different shapes on mammography.As the pathologic diagnosis was golden standard,the accuracy of diagnosis of conventional ultrasound,conventional ultrasound combined with MicroPure imaging,conventional ultrasound combined with mammography were evaluated with receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve.Results The display case of calcifications within breast masses:the specificity of MieroPure imaging was lower than conventional ultrasound(88.14％ vs 100％,P ＜ 0.05),the sensitivity and accuracy were higher than conventional ultrasound(100％ vs 62.79％,93.14％ vs 84.31 ％,P ＜0.05).The display case of microcalcifications within normal breast tissue:the specificity and accuracy of MicroPure software system were lower than conventional ultrasound(9.26％ vs 100％,43.87％ vs 65.96％,P ＜0.05),the sensitivity was higher than conventional ultrasound (100％ vs 20.00％,P ＜0.05).The punctate calcification,amorphous calcification,rough uneven,pleomorphic calcifications on mammography were all hyperechoic spots on MicroPure software system.The area under the ROC curve of the conventional ultrasound,conventional ultrasound combined with MicroPure imaging,conventional ultrasound combined with MicroPure imaging was 0.881,0.858,0.932,respectively.Conclusions MicroPure imaging has some clinical value on microcalcifications within breast masses,which can improve its sensitivity and accuracy.The specificity of MicroPure imaging diagnostic ultrasound imaging of microcalcifications were lower,and it can not distinguish between different shapes of calcifications.Compared with conventional ultrasound,MicroPure imaging system can not improve the accuracy of diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the maximum elastic modulus(Emax) of breast cancer obtained by shear-wave elastography (SWE) and immunohistochemical profiles. Methods: One hundred and sixty patients with 171 pathologically proven breast lesions were included in this study. All of them underwent conventional ultrasound and SWE examination before surgery. The Emax and maximum diameter were obtained. Histologic grade, immunohistochemical profiles ER, PR, HER-2, Ki-67 and molecular subtypes were recorded according to pathological results after surgery. The correlation between Emax and tumor size, histological grade, ER, PR, HER-2, Ki-67 and molecular subtypes were analyzed. Results: ①There was a positive correlation between the tumor size with Emax(r=0.510, P<0.05); ②The Emax of tumors with HER-2 positive expression were higher than that with HER-2 negative expression(P<0.05), the Emax of tumors with Ki67 high expression were higher than that with Ki67 low expression (P<0.05); ③There were significant differences in Emax between different molecular subtypes(P<0.05), the Emax of HER-2 positive tumor was the highest, followed by those of Luminal B tumor, triple-negative and Luminal A tumor; ④Multiple linear regression indicated that tumor size was the strongest pathologic determinate of Emax value(P<0.05), its standardized partial regression coefficient was 0.500, and HER-2 also had significant influence on Emax value of tumor(P<0.05), the standardized partial regression coefficient was 0.237. Conclusions Some prognosis immunohistochemical feature of breast cancer showed association with the Emax. Breast cancers with higher Emax at shear-wave elastography had poor prognostic features. To some extend, the value of Emax can reflect the biological characteristics of breast cancer, SWE may provide a certain imaging basis for the prognosis of breast cancer and the choice of treatment plan.

Objective To analyze the current situation of the quality of critical value management in ultrasound department,and to explore the application and effect of PDCA cycle method in critical value management.Methods The quality status of emergency data during the period from January 2015 to January 2019 after the PDCA cycle was adopted was analyzed.The PDCA cycle method was applied to improve the overall quality.The reporting rate,awareness rate,qualified rate of writing,and timely rate of clinical treatment were compared before and after the PDCA cycle was adopted to evaluate the effect of PDCA cycle method.Results From January 2015 to January 2019,the reporting rate was 96.4％,98.0％,94.5％,and 96.7％,the awareness rate of critical value was 63.2％,78.6％,84.8％,and 92.2％,the qualified rate of writing was 70.4％,77.2％,85.3％,and 94.0％,and the timely rate of clinical treatment was 50.9％,71.7％,81.1％,and 85.5％,respectively.The awareness rate,the qualified rate of writing,and the timely rate of clinical treatment were significantly improved (x2=12.464,38.184,52.926,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PDCA cycle method can improve the quality of emergency management in ultrasound department.

Objective To explore the characters of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).Methods From Oct 2013 to Jun 2016,after evaluating of movement disorder by modified Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y) scale and LUTS by international prostate symptom score (IPSS),urodynamic study was performed in PD patients with LUTS.The incidence of every symptom of LUTS,the relationships between the IPSS categories and urodynamic study were analyzed.Results 64 patients (containing 26 male and 38 female) with 40-80 (62.7 ± 10.2) years old were included.2,4,30,19,12 and 6 patients were belonged to modified H-Y scale 1-4,respectively.Frequency (50 patients,78.1％) was the most common LUTS,while frequency all day (20 patients,31.3％) was the most common symptom for the most severe LUTS.IPSS was 1 7.5 ± 7.8 (4-35) and quality of life was 5.1 ± 0.6 (4-6) for the patients.There was no significant correlation between modified H-Y scale and IPSS (P ＞ 0.05).According to the criteria of IPSS,28 patients (43.8％) only had irritative symptoms,3 patients (4.7％) only had obstructive symptoms,while 26 patients (40.6％) had mixed symptoms and 7 patients (10.9％) belonged to no one.Urodynamic study showed 11 patients (39.3％) with only irritative symptoms had detrusor overactivity(DO),6 patients (23.1％) with mixed symptoms had DO + bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) or DO + detrusor underactivity,however,there was no one with BOO in the three patients with only obstructive symptoms.Conclusion Frequency was the most common LUTS,while frequency all day was the most common symptom for the most severe LUTS in PD patients.Irritative and mixed symptoms were common in PD patients with LUTS,but the urodynamic results were not consistent with the category of LUTS in most of the patients.LUTS severity was not correlated with movement disorders in PD patients.