Objective To study the clinical value of peripheral venous blood circulating tumor cell count in patients with non -small -cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods 28 patients with NSCLC were chosen as observa-tion group,at the same time,16 patients with benign lung tumor and 16 healthy persons were chosen as the control group 1,2.Before and after treatment,the peripheral venous blood circulating tumor cell counts were studied to under-stand its value in clinical.Results CK -FITC expression rate of adenocarcinoma patients was 95.8%,CD326APC expression rate was 94.5%,CK -FITC and CD326APC expression rate was 94.6%.CK -FITC expression rate of squamous carcinoma was 93.7%,CD326APC expression rate was 93.9%,CK -FITC and CD326APC expression rate was 94.1%,the differences between the two groups were not significant (χ2 =2.89,1.36,2.14,all P >0.05).The positive rate of peripheral venous blood circulating tumor cells in the observation group was significantly higher than the two control groups,and before treatment,the positive rate of peripheral venous blood circulating tumor cell was higher than after treatment.Conclusion Peripheral venous blood circulating tumor cell count can determine the dis-ease development process.

This paper reports the effects of the polysaccharide from Sargassum fusiforme (SFPS) on contents of lipoid peroxide (LPO) and enzyme activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH - PX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) in whole blood, liver and spleen in leukemia L615 mice. The results show that SFPS remarkably reduces the contents of LPO and increases in the enzyme activities of CAT , SOD in whole blood, liver and spleen in leukemia L615 mice. The authors point out that SFPS may remove the free radicals in the body of leukemia L616 mice and have an effect against lipid peroxidation. This may be one of the mechanisms of SFPS against leukemia.

Objective To assess the role of dynamic-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) by comparing with DSA and CT arterial portography (CTAP).Methods Sixteen patients with liver diseases (mainly HCC) were included in the study. All patients underwent dynamic MRI of the liver using SENSE, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and CTAP within two-week. MRA was reconstructed from raw data. The arterial phase of the modified MRA was compared with DSA for the evaluation of hepatic arteries and the portal phase compared with CTAP. In dynamic MRI, a fixed dosage (20 ml) of contrast medium and scan timing were used. Results The main branches and variations of the hepatic arterial system were well displayed on the dynamic-enhanced MRA, although the distant intrahepatic branches were showed poorly. Portal veins on MRV were showed as well as or even superiorly to CTAP. In addition, the inferior vena cava (IVC) was well demonstrated on MRV in most cases. MRV revealed 1 vascular variation which was not found on DSA and CTAP.Conclusion The dynamic-enhanced MRA using SENSE was a effective modality in demonstrating the hepatic vascular system. It may be a first choice modality in preoperative evaluation of orthotopic liver transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the results of different methods in removing the root canal gutta percha.Methods Select 60 man-dibular premolars with step-back techinique during root canal prepartion,and the mandibular premolars were stored for 2 weeks after AH-plus paste and gutta percha cold lateral condensation.And then they were randomly divided into 3 groups to remove the root canal filling.Group A were given manually cleaning and shaping with stainless steel instruments combined with chloroform.Group B were given Pro Taper nickel ti-tanium system.Group C were given Pro Taper nickel titanium system combined with microscopic ultrasound technology.The completion time of the 3 groups were recorded and the root canal wall cleanliness of the 3 groups were carefully observed.Results The competition time and amount of debris of apical foramen in group C were both significantly less than those of group A and group B,with statistically significant difference (P <0.05).And the cleanliness of root canal wall of group A was significantly better than that of group A and group B (P <0.05). Conclusion During the root canal retreatment,mechanically use Pro Taper nickel titanium system combined with microscopic ultrasound technology can improve the work efficiency and the cleanliness of root canal wall.

OBJECTIVETo explore the auricular point specificity of the electric determination in stroke so as to provide the evidence for the objective study on the auricular point diagnosis in stroke.

METHODSThirty patients of stroke were selected in an observation group; 30 patients of non-stroke internal medicine disorder were in a control group A; 30 persons of healthy examination were in a control group B. In the observation group.and the control group A, beside the conventional treatment, acupuncture was applied to all the cases. In the observation group, Jianyu (LI 15), Quchi (LI 11), Shousanili (LI 10), Hegu (LI 4), Waiguan (TE 5), Liangqiu (ST 34), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taichong (LR 3) were selected on the affected side. In the control group A, Yin-tang (GV 29), Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Fengfu (GV 16), Dazhui (GV 14), Fengchi (GB 20), Tianzhu (BL 10), Jiaji (EX-B 2) C4-C7 were selected. Acupuncture was given once a day in the two groups. The; treatment of one week made one session, and continuously 2 sessions were required. In the control group B, the convention physical examination was provided without any medication and acupuncture involved. The CLRH-A auricular point detector was used to detect the entire auricular point area in the subjects and the positive reaction sites of auricular points in the subjects of each group before and after treatment separately. The auricular point positive detecting score and positive point frequency were observed in the subjects.

RESULTSBefore treatment, the auricular points detecting score in the observation group was obviously higher than that in the control group A and control group B (both P<0. 05). The difference in the score between the control groups was not significant in' comparison (P>0. 05). In two weeks of treatment, the auricular points detecting score in the observation group was reduced apparently (P<0. 05). The difference was not significant before and after treatment in either the control grolip A or the control group B (both P>0.05). In the observation group, the first 15 points with high frequencies of positive reaction were naogan (AT3,4i), pizhixia (AT4), e (AT1), xin (CO15), gan (CO12), nie (AT2), zhen (AT3), shen (CO10), jiaogan (AH6a), pi (CO13) shenmen (TF4), wei (CO4), neifenmi (CO18), shenshangxian (TG2p) and erjian (HX6,7i). The differences were significant in the frequencies of positive reaction at 9 auricular points as compared with the control group A and the control group B respectively, named naogan (AT3,4i), pizhixia (AT4), e (AT1), xin (CO15), gan (CO12), nie (AT2), zhen (AT3), shen (CO10) and jiaogan (AH6a) (all P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe pathological degree of positive reaction about auricular points in stroke patients is higher than those in the patients of non-stroke internal medicine disease and the healthy people. It is verified that the auricular diagnostic method is specific in stroke. naogan (AT3,4i), pizhixia (AT4), e (AT1), xin (C15), gan (GO12), nie (AT2), zhen (AT3), shen (CO10) and jiaogan (AH6a) are correlative with stroke.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To optimize the injection protocol of contrast medium for contrast-enhanced MRA (CEMRA) of pulmonary artery and to evaluate the diagnostic value of CEMRA and pulmonary perfusion imaging (PPI) in an experimental model of acute pulmonary embolism. Methods:CEMRA and PPI were performed in 6 normal pigs with different doses of gadolinium contrast agent (5ml, 10ml, 15ml, 20ml and 25ml) at an injection rate of 3ml/s, and 3 pulmonary embolism models were injected with 20 ml contrast agent at 3 ml/s. DSA was also performed for comparison. Results:The signal intensities and the signal to noise ratios of the pulmonary arteries kept increasing with the dose increase of the contrast agent, but the best angio-pulmonary contrast dose was 10-15ml (0.25-0.375mmol/kg), while the optimal dose for PPI was 15-20ml (0.375-0.5mmol/kg). Although CEMRA demonstrated less obstructed pulmonary arteries than DSA (5/10 vs 8/10)did, it detected all obstructions when combined with PPI. The pulmonary infarction zones showed wedge-shaped perfusion defects on the PPI images, with the signal intensities lower than those of the normal areas (137.86±45.32 vs 330.14±46.52, P<0.001). Conclusion:It is suggested that the optimal dose of the contrast agent is 0.25mmol/kg to 0.375mmol/kg for CEMRA, and 0.375mmol/kg to 0.5mmol/kg for lung perfusion. CEMRA combined with PPI may be better than DSA in demonstrating pulmonary embolism.

Objective To discuss the value of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) and 18F-FDG-PET/CT in assessing the early therapeutic effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for VX2 sarcomas in experimental rabbits. Methods VX2 sarcoma was inoculated at bilateral hind limbs in 14 New Zealand white rabbits to establish the animal models. The implanted VX2 tumor on one hind leg was treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous RFA (study group), while no RFA was given to the VX2 tumor on the contralateral hind leg (control group). DWI-MRI was performed at 2 days after RFA, and 18F-FDG-PET/CT examination was employed at 3 days after RFA. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and standard uptake value (SUV) of the untreated tumor and the ablated tumor were separately calculated. Taking the pathologic result as the gold standard, the consistency of DWI-MRI, PET/CT as well as the combination of DWI-MRI and PET/CT with the clinical diagnosis was separately evaluated by Kappa test. Results Before RFA, DWI-MRI demonstrated that the VX2 tumor was characterized by hypo-intensity signal on T1 and hyper-intensity signal on T2 with ring-shaped enhancement on T1-weighted image; PET/CT showed that the tumor had nodular or ring-shaped 18F-FDG accumulation. After RFA, DWI-MRI revealed that the VX2 tumor was manifested as hyper-intensity signal on T1 and slight higher density on T1 with slight enhancement on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image; PET/CT showed lowered accumulation of 18F-FDG. The mean ADC value of the ablated tumor was (1.52 ± 0.24) × 10-3 mm2/s, which was obviously higher than that of the un-ablated tumor, that was (1.09 ± 0.12) × 10-3 mm2/s, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The mean SUV value of the ablated tumor was (0.6 ± 0.3), which was significantly lower than that of the ablated tumor (9.6 ± 3.2, P<0.05). No significant difference in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy existed between DWI-MRI and pathology as well as between PET/CT and pathology, the Kappa value being 0.357 and 0.428 respectively (P>0.05). The Kappa value of the consistency between combination of DWI-MRI with PET/CT and pathology was 0.786, which was significantly different from the result by simple DWI-MRI or simple PET/CT evaluation (P< 0.05). Conclusion Both ADC value of DWI-MRI and SUV value of PET/CT are useful indexes for evaluating the early therapeutic effect of RFA. Both DWI-MRI and PET/CT have their respective advantages, nevertheless, combination use of both can effectively improve the evaluation of curative effect for VX2 tumor after RFA in experimental rabbits.

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the methods of dynamic enhanced multi-slice spiral CT in evaluation of blood flow patterns of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) with enhancement.

METHODSSeventy-eight patients with SPNs (≤4 cm) with strong enhancement underwent dynamic multi-slice spiral CT (Marconi Mx8000) scan before and after contrast enhancement by injecting contrast material with a rate of 4 mL/s. For the 40 patients in protocol one, one scan was obtained every 2 seconds during 15-45 and 75-105 seconds after injection, while for the 38 patients in protocol two, one scan was obtained every 2 seconds during 11-41 and 71-101 seconds. For all the patients, one scan was obtained every 30 seconds during 2-9 minutes. The section thickness was 2.5 mm for lesions ≤3 cm and 5 mm for lesions > 3 cm. Standard algorithm was used in the image reconstruction. Precontrast and postcontrast attenuation on every scan was recorded. The perfusion, peak height, ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta and mean transit time were calculated.

RESULTSThe peak height, perfusion, ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta and mean transit time in malignant SPNs were 34.85 Hu±10.87 Hu, 30.37 ml/(min*100 g)±11.14 ml/(min*100 g), 13.78%± 3.96% , 14.19 s±6.19 s respectively in protocol one, while those in protocol two were 36.62 Hu±10.75 Hu, 30.01 ml/(min*100 g)±8.10 ml/(min*100 g), 14.70 %±4.71%, 13.91 s±4.82 s respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the peak height (t= 0.673, P=0.503), perfusion (t= 0.152 , P=0.880), ratio of peak height of the SPN to that of the aorta (t= 0.861, P=0.393) and mean transit time (t= 0.199, P=0.843) in malignant SPNs measured in protocol one and those measured in protocol two. All mean transit time in protocol two (36/36) were obtained, but only part of them (25/32) were obtained in protocol one.

CONCLUSIONSDynamic enhanced multi-slice spiral CT is a non-invasive method for quantitative evaluation of blood flow patterns of SPNs with enhancement and scans beginning at 11 seconds after injection of contrast material is suggested.

Objective To explore the accuracy and clinical efficacy of advanced 3D printing navigation templates in assisting placement of atlantoaxial pedicle screw.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on 49 cases of patients with atlanto-axial vertebral fractures and dislocations between June 2013 and June 2016,and all of them were given posterior incision,reduction and internal fixation of atlantoaxial pedicle screw.The patients were divided into advanced 3D printing navigation template group (14 cases),early 3D printing navigation template group (16 cases),and routine pedicle screw placement group (19 cases).Atlantoaxial CT data of patients in advanced 3D printing navigation template group and early 3D printing navigation template group were input into Mimics 17.0,then advanced 3D printing navigation template group and early 3D printing navigation which were used in clinic surgery were designed and printed.The relationship between positions of pedicle screw with the pedicle and bone cortex in plain CT image was observed after operation.The quality of the screw position was assessed and the accuracy of three kinds of screwing methods was compared.The accuracy of the screwing angle was assessed by comparing with the differences between the preoperative designed channel inclination angle and postoperative actual screwing angle.Three groups were compared for differences between operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and scores of cervical nerve scale and visual analogue scale (VAS) of neck and shoulder pain by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA).Results All 49 cases of patients successfully completed the surgery.Patients of the routine pedicle screw placement group,early 3D group and advanced 3D group correspond operation time for 141.2±20.7 min,112.5±12.1 min and 103.1±10.4 min,intraoperative blood loss for 314.0±81.4 ml,243.6±71.2 ml and 181.0+59.1 ml;total accuracy of screwing for 75.0％ (54/72),93.75 ％ (60/64) and 96.43 ％ (54/56).There were statistically significant differences among the routine group,3D group and advanced 3D group in the mentioned programs.There were no statistical differences between advanced 3D group and 3D group in the inclination angle and head tilt angle with the pre-designed values,while there was statistically significant difference between the routine group and the pre-designed value.The accuracy of the inclination angle and bead tilt angle screwing angle were obviously superior in the advanced 3D group and early 3D group to that of the routine group.There were statistically significant differences between preoperative with postoperative VAS scores and JOA scores in the same group,while there were no statistically significant differences among groups in JOA.But there was statistically significant difference between the routine group and the advanced 3D in VAS,and there was no statistically significant difference between the routine pedicle screw placement group and the early 3D in VAS.All three groups of patients had bony fusion of atlantoaxial vertebral body,without loosening,dislocation and fracture of the internal fixators.Conelusion Advanced 3D printing templates in assisting the surgical treatment for atlantoaxial fracture and dislocation can improve the accuracy of pedicle screwing and safety of the surgery,reduce the surgery risk,and obtain satisfied clinical curative effects.

Objective To observe any effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on cognitive dysfunction caused by traumatic brain injury,and to explore possible neural mechanisms.Methods Sixty-four patients with cognitive impairment after a traumatic brain injury were randomly divided into a hyperbaric oxygen group (n =32) and a control group (n=32) using a random number table.Both groups accepted routine medical therapy and cognitive rehabilitation training,but the hyperbaric oxygen group additionally received hyperbaric oxygen treatment.Both groups' cognitive functioning was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after the treatment.Fifteen patients were randomly selected from both groups to receive T1WI and diffusion tensor imaging scans.The correlation between the two evaluation resuhs was analyzed.Results After the intervention,improvement was observed in the average MMSE and MoCA scores of both groups,with the improvement in both average scores in the hyperbaric oxygen group significantly greater than among the control group.There was no significant correlation between the fractional anisotropy (FA) values of damaged white matter and the average MMSE or MoCA score in the controi group,but in the hyperbaric oxygen group there were significant positive correlations between the FA values of the corpus callosum,the anterior limb of the internal capsule and the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the average MMSE and MoCA scores.Conclusions Hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with rehabilitation training can further improve cognition after a traumatic brain injury.This is probably due to its adjusting the structure and function of the corpus callosum,of the anterior limb of the internal capsule and of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus.