Objective To investigate the effect of Intestinal Function-recovering Decoction on the bacteria and endotoxin translocation and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in serum of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods Fifty-seven SD rats were divided into four groups randomly:control group,MODS group,decoction group and ampicillin group.We detected the content of endotoxin in the peripheral vein,portal vein and ileum.Bacterial translocation,change of ileum mucous membrane in pathomorphology and the contents of MDA,SOD,ALT,AST,Cr and BUN in serum in each group were also examined.Results The hepatic and renal function and ileum mucous membranes were significantly damaged in MODS group,decoction group and ampicillin group.Compared with those in MODS group,serum MDA,ALT,AST,Cr,BUN and endotoxin in the peripheral vein,portal vein and ileum in decoction group were significantly lower(P0.01).It exhibited a negative correlation between serum MDA and SOD in MODS group and ampicillin group(P

Objective To investigate the effect of the decoction to help recover intestinal function on the intestinal mucosal barrier of rats with gut ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Forty-five SD rats were divided into three groups randomly: control group,gut ischemia-reperfusion injury group and decoction group.We detected the content of DAO and D-lactate in serum and lysozyme in perfusate of intestine in each group.We observed the bacteria translocation,the change of ileum mucous membrane in pathomorphology and intestinal villi. Results Compared with those in gut ischemia-reperfusion injury group,the contents of DAO and D-lactate and bacteria translocation ratio were all lower in decoction group(P

The formation of physique was influenced by many factors and was closely related to the disease, especially by the social and cultural factors. According to the characteristics of physique, physique conditioning was conducive to rehabilitation of the disease. It was also the internal evidence for individualized treatment of rehabilitation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) rehabilitation advocated functional rehabilitation as the main treatment purpose. Attentions were paid to promoteqi circulation. The psychological characteristics of the rehabilitation subject were especially emphasized on, in order to improve the therapeutic effect of rehabilitation. There were many classifications of physical evaluations, which were widely used in a variety of clinical diseases rehabilitation. The pathological physique correction and adjustment cannot be ignored in rehabilitation. Therefore, the application of physical evaluation in the guidance of rehabilitation therapy can enrich the content of TCM rehabilitation evaluation. It further improved TCM physical evaluation system to meet the needs for clinical practice and TCM modernization.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 50 years and older in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the AIDS control measures among the elderly. Methods: Epidemiological data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 50 years and older in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2021 were collected through the Zhengzhou Municipal Intelligent Public Health Management System. The epidemiological characteristics including population distribution, transmission route and route of detection were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 533 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 50 years and older were diagnosed in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2021, accounting for 25.94% of all HIV/AIDS cases. There were 400 male cases and 133 female cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.01∶1, 288 cases at ages of 50 to 59 years (54.03%), 467 cases with an educational level of junior high school and below (87.62%), 391 cases with household registered residence in Zhengzhou City (73.36%), and 333 farmers (62.48%). Sexual contact was the main route of transmission (524 cases, 98.31%), and HIV/AIDS cases were predominantly detected by medical institutions (305 cases, 57.22%), followed by counseling and testing (167 cases, 31.33%). The proportion of HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed by medical institutions appeared a tendency towards a decline in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2021 (χ2trend=10.953, P=0.001), while the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed by counseling and testing showed a tendency towards a rise (χ2trend=5.438, P=0.020). Conclusions The newly reported HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 50 years and older were predominantly local male farmers in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2021, with sexual contact as the main transmission route and medical institutions as the predominant route of detection. The proportion of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases appeared a tendency towards a rise.

Objective: To analyze the pathogenic spectrum of infectious diarrhea among children in Zhengzhou City in 2020, so as to provide insights into the management of childhood infectious diarrhea. Methods: A total of 230 stool samples were collected from children with diarrhea in the Diarrhea Clinic of Zhengzhou Municipal Children's Hospital in 2020. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Campylobacter and Aeromonas were isolated. Salmonella was typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ( PFGE ) and antimicrobial resistance was tested in Salmonella. The main types and drug resistance of pathogens were descriptively analyzed. Results: The 230 children with diarrhea included 152 males and 78 females, with a male to female ratio of 1.95∶1. There were 173 cases at ages of 3 years and below ( 75.22% ), and 82 cases seen between June and August ( 35.65% ). A total of 71 pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated, with a detection rate of 30.87%. Salmonella was the most frequently isolated pathogen ( 35 strains, 15.22% prevalence ), following by diarrheagenic E. coli ( 20 strains, 8.70% ). Eleven serotypes of Salmonella were identified, which mainly included S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium. PFGE typing revealed 25 band patterns of Salmonella, with a similarity ranging from 11.85% to 100%. Salmonella were sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, polymyxin B and amikacin and highly resistant to streptomycin ( 85.71% ), ampicillin ( 80.00% ) and sulfaisoxazole ( 80.00% ). A 82.86% proportion of multi-drug resistance was detected in the 29 Salmonella strains. Conclusions A wide range of pathogenic bacteria were detected from the childhood infectious diarrhea in Zhengzhou City in 2020, which mainly included Salmonella and diarrheagenic E. coli. A high polymorphism level was seen in PFGE fingerprints of Salmonella, which presented high-level resistance to antimicrobial agents.

Objective: To investigate the serotypes and drug resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella in Zhengzhou City, so as to provide insights into prevention and control of non-typhoidal Salmonella infections. Methods: Salmonella isolates were collected from diarrheal patients in Zhengzhou municipal sentinel hospitals from 2017 to 2021. Salmonella serotypes were identified using slide agglutination test and soft agar colony formation assay, and antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the broth micro-dilution method. Results: Five serogroups and 37 serotypes were identified among 446 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates, with S. enteritidis (210 isolates, 47.09%) and S. typhimurium (133 isolates, 29.82%) as dominant serotypes. Non-typhoidal Salmonella showed high resistance to ampicillin (79.60%), ampicillin/sulbactam (58.74%), naphthyric acid (56.05%), tetracycline (54.26%) and doxycycline (54.04%), respectively. There were 290 multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates (65.02%), and the multidrug resistance rates were 70.48% for S. enteritidis and 67.67% for S. typhimurium, respectively. Conclusions Multiple serotypes of non-typhoidal Salmonella were identified in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2021, with S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium as dominant serotypes. Widespread drug resistance and multidrug resistance was seen in non-typhoidal Salmonella.

Objective To detect and analyze the levels of 27 serum cytokines expression in EV71-induced Hand Foot and Mouth Disease(HFMD) in Jinan and revealed their correlations with disease severity based on the platform of liquid chip.Methods 43 serum samples were collected from EV71-infected HFMD patients in Jinan in 2009-2014,including 16 mild cases and 27 severe cases.10 serum specimens from healthy people were also collected as controls.27 serum cytokines were analyzed on Bio-Plex liquid chip platform.Results Compared to healthy controls,22 cytokines expression levels increased in severe groups,including IL-1 ra,IL-2,IL-4,IL-5,IL-6,IL-7,IL-8,IL-9,IL-10,IL-12 (p70),IL-13,IL-15,IL-17,etotaxin,G-CSF,IFN-γ,IP-10,MCP-1,PDGF-BB,MIP-1β,RANTES and TNF-α(P ＜ 0.02).21 cytokines expression levels elevated than healthy controls (P ＜ 0.02).GM-CSF was found decreased levels in both mild and severe groups than in the healthy controls(P ＜ 0.02).The correlation analysis showed that 12 cytokines (IL-1 ra,IL-7,IL-9,IL-10,IL-13,IL-17,etotaxin,IP-10,PDGF-BB,MIP-1β,RANTES and TNF-α) were moderately correlated with the severity of EV71-infected HFMD.GM-CSF was negatively correlated with HFMD.Conclusions Many kinds of serum cytokine changed obviously in the EV71-infected HFMD patients and cytokine levels were closely associated with the severity of HFMD.The analysis of liquid chip for serum cytokines provides an efficiently method.

Objective:To elucidate the changes of cytokine expression profiles in hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) patients infected with non-EV-A71 enteroviruses in Jinan city, and explore the characteristics of cytokines expression.Methods:The serum samples of acute and convalescent phases were collected from non-EV-A71 enterovirus-infected HFMD patients in Jinan from 2014 to 2017. The serum samples of healthy subjects were collected as control group. The Bio-plex liquid chip platform was used for high-throughput detection of 27 cytokines. GraphPad Prism and SPSS 22.0 were used for description and statistical analysis.Results:Twenty-two serum cytokines significantly changed in non-EV-A71 infected patients, including 11 kinds of interleukin (IL), 5 kinds of chemokines, 2 kinds of growth factors, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). There were 21 kinds (mean ranks 17.06-19.00 pg/ml vs 5.50-8.80 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and 20 kinds (mean ranks 16.41-19.00 pg/ml vs 5.50-9.90 pg/ml, P < 0.05) of cytokines expression in acute stage and convalescent stage respectively were higher than those in healthy control group for coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) infected patients, and GM-CSF expression (mean ranks 9.65 pg/ml vs 21.40 pg/ml, 9.59 pg/ml vs 21.50 pg/ml, P < 0.05) were both lower than those in healthy control group. For HFMD patients infected CV-A6, there were 19 kinds (mean ranks 11.92-13.50 pg/ml vs 5.50-6.45 pg/ml, P < 0.05) and 21 kinds (mean ranks 12.00-13.50 pg/ml vs 5.50-6.40pg/ml, P < 0.05) of cytokines expression with acute and convalescent stage respectively were higher than those in healthy control group. GM-CSF expression decreased only in acute phase (mean ranks 5.00 pg/ml vs 10.60 pg/ml, P < 0.05) compared with healthy control group. Double serum analysis showed that interleukin 6 (22.79pg/ml vs 35.88 pg/ml) and interferon-induced protein 10 (IFNγ -induced protein 10) (793.56 pg/ml vs 2 157.32 pg/ml) expression in patients with CV-A16 infection during convalescent stage were lower than that in acute stage; IL-7 (3.13 pg/ml vs 1.165 pg/ml), IL-15 (27.84 pg/ml vs 16.005 pg/ml) and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) (22 605.96 pg/ml vs 7 040.90 pg/ml) expression in patients with CV-A6 infection during convalescent stage increased compared with the acute stage. Conclusions:There are extensive changes in cytokine expression profile in HFMD patients with non-EV-A71 enterovirus infection. Different pathogens infection and different clinical course of HFMD have different characteristics of cytokine expression. These findings could provide scientific data for finding indicators that are meaningful for disease progression, clinical diagnosis and immunotherapy.

Objective:In general, patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are considered to show an aggressive disease course. However, the relationship between the two subgroups in disease severity is controversial. Our study is aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and prognosis of double-seropositive and seronegative RA in China through a real-world large scale study.Methods:RA patients who met the 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria or the 2010 ACR/European Anti-Rheumatism Alliance RA classification criteria, and who attended the 10 hospitals across the country from September 2015 to January 2020, were enrolled. According to the serological status, patients were divided into 4 subgroups [rheumatoid factor (RF)(-) anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody (-), RF(+), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+), anti-CCP antibody(+)] and compared the disease characteristics and treatment response. One-way analysis of variance was used for measurement data that conformed to normal distribution, Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for measurement data that did not conform to normal distribution; paired t test was used for comparison before and after treatment within the group if the data was normally distributed else paired rank sum test was used; χ2 test was used for count data. Results:① A total of 2 461 patients were included, including 1 813 RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) patients (73.67%), 129 RF(+) patients (5.24%), 245 RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) patients (9.96%), 74 anti-CCP antibody(+) patients (11.13%). ② Regardless of the CCP status, RF(+) patients had an early age of onset [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) (51±14) years old, anti-CCP antibody(+) (50±15) years old, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) (48±14) years old, RF(+)(48±13) years old, F=3.003, P=0.029], longer disease duration [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 50 (20, 126) months, anti-CCP antibody(+) 60(24, 150) months, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 89(35, 179) months, RF(+) 83(25, 160) months, H=22.001, P<0.01], more joint swelling counts (SJC) [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 2(0, 6), Anti-CCP antibody(+) 2(0, 5), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 2(0, 7), RF(+) 2(0, 6), H=8.939, P=0.03] and tender joint counts (TJC) [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 3(0, 8), anti-CCP antibody(+) 2(0, 6), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 3(1, 9), RF(+) 2(0, 8), H=11.341, P=0.01] and the morning stiff time was longer [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 30(0, 60) min, anti-CCP antibody(+) 20(0, 60) min, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 30(10, 60) min, RF(+) 30(10, 60) min, H=13.32, P<0.01]; ESR [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 17(9, 38) mm/1 h, anti-CCP antibody(+) 20(10, 35) mm/1 h, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 26(14, 45) mm/1 h, RF(+) 28(14, 50) mm/1 h, H=37.084, P<0.01] and CRP [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) 2.3 (0.8, 15.9) mm/L, Anti-CCP antibody(+) 2.7(0.7, 12.1) mm/L, RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) 5.2(1.3, 17.2) mm/L, RF (+) 5.2(0.9, 16.2) mm/L, H=22.141, P<0.01] of the RF(+)patients were significantly higher than RF(-) patients, and RF(+) patients had higher disease severity(DAS28-ESR) [RF(-) anti-CCP antibody(-) (4.0±1.8), anti-CCP antibody(+) (3.8±1.6), RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) (4.3±1.8), RF(+) (4.1±1.7), F=7.269, P<0.01]. ③ The RF(+) anti-CCP antibody(+) patients were divided into 4 subgroups, and it was found that RF-H anti-CCP antibody-L patients had higher disease severity [RF-H anti-CCP antibody-H 4.3(2.9, 5.6), RF-L anti-CCP antibody-L 4.5(3.0, 5.7), RF-H anti-CCP antibody-L 4.9(3.1, 6.2), RF-L anti-CCP antibody-H 2.8(1.8, 3.9), H=20.374, P<0.01]. ④ After 3-month follow up, the clinical characteristics of the four groups were improved, but there was no significant difference in the improvement of the four groups, indicating that the RF and anti-CCP antibody status did not affect the remission within 3 months. Conclusion:Among RA patients, the disease activity of RA patients is closely related to RF and the RF(+) patients have more severe disease than RF(-) patients. Patients with higher RF titer also have more severe disease than that of patients with low RF titer. After 3 months of medication treatment, the antibody status does not affect the disease remission rate.

Objective:To compare the incidence of coronary microvascular disease (CMVD) between patients with non-obstructive and obstructive coronary arteries.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 97 patients with angina pectoris, who underwent the absolute quantitative PET examination of myocardial perfusion and coronary anatomy examination within 90 days. All patients were divided into two groups: non-obstructive group (72 cases, no stenosis ≥50% in all three coronary arteries) and obstructive group (25 cases, at least one coronary stenosis ≥50%; and at least one coronary stenosis<50%). Quantitative parameters derived from PET including rest myocardial blood flow (RMBF), stress myocardial blood flow (SMBF), coronary flow reserve (CFR) and cardiovascular risk factors were compared between the two groups. CMVD was defined as CFR<2.90 and SMBF <2.17 ml·min -1·g -1. Results:Incidence of CMVD was significant higher in the non-obstructive coronary arteries of the obstructive group than in the non-obstructive coronary arteries of non-obstructive group (47.1% (16/34) vs. 25.5% (55/216), χ 2=6.738, P=0.009) while incidence of CMVD was similar between non-obstructive and obstructive patients ((44% (11/25) vs. 33.3% (24/72), χ 2=0.915, P=0.339). RMBF ((0.83±0.14) ml·min -1·g -1 vs. (0.82±0.17) ml·min -1·g -1), SMBF ((2.13±0.60) ml·min -1·g -1 vs. (1.91±0.50) ml·min -1·g -1) and CFR (2.59±0.66 vs. 2.36±0.47) were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:CMVD can occur in non-obstructive coronary arteries in both patients with non-occlusive coronary arteries and patients with obstructive coronary arteries. Prevalence of CMVD is significantly higher in patients with obstructive coronary arteries than in patients with non-obstructive coronary arteries. The CMVD severity is similar between the two groups.