Objective To put forward a design of the software of brainwave therapeutic apparatus based on the MCU. Methods Based on principle of electroencephalogram music treatment, several sound synthesis techniques were analyzed and contrasted. A simple and easily-realized one was selected and analyzed in detail. Finally, the output of brainwave therapeutic apparatus was tested and errors were analyzed. Results The selected scheme can effectively generate brainwave music. Conclusion According to the scheme, a low-cost and reliable brainwave therapeutic apparatus can be made by using the MCU.

BACKGROUND: It is of great significance to study the resilience of articular cartilage for human daily routine and their match quality. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the micromechanical properties of articular cartilage resilience under different loads and at time points. METHODS: The swine cartilage samples coated with tracers were compressed using the MTF-100 tensile machine, and the cartilage compression and resilience were recorded by CCD. Images were processed using digital image correlation technology.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During resilience, the strain value on the superficial surface of the cartilage was decreased most, successively followed by the middle layer and the deep layer, while the time of a decrease from 20%, 10% and 6% to 3% was similar. The longer the resilience time was, the more slowly the strain changed in different layers of the cartilage, but the ultimate strain was less than 1%. On the same layer under different compressive stress, the larger load caused faster strain change firstly, and then the smaller load brought about faster strain change. The effect of different continuous compressive time on the same layer of cartilage was similar with the load. These results showed that 90% resilience of the articular cartilage occurred within the first 15 minutes. The mechanical resilience of different layers of the articular cartilage has a close relationship with the loading and the loading time, and both compressive time and loading do harm to the resilience of articular cartilage. Besides, the cartilage will rebound to the state before compression.

BACKGROUND:As lumbar spine biomechanics research is unceasingly thorough and the constant development of related fusion and dynamic fixation device, the spine fusion technique which is represented by artificial disc replacement is a new choice to the spine surgeons. Therefore, it is particularly important to design reasonable artificial intervertebral disc. OBJECTIVE:To establish the finite element model of the new artificial disc replacement of the lumbar motion segment for further biomechanical study. METHODS:The L3-4 thin-section CT images of a healthy male volunteer was selected, combined with human anatomy data and applied the reverse engineering technology to rebuild the lumbar spine model with medical image software Mimics and tool software Geomagic Studio. The three-dimensional model of the silicone artificial disc was converted into a finite element model through software ANSYS12.0. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Through CT scanning, digital image processing and computer-aided design, the three-dimensional model of the lumbar motion segment and the finite element model of artificial disc replacement were successful y established. The finite element model contained 691 085 units and 1 008 913 nodes which could be applied constraint and load and could be used for spinal biomechanics and the further research of the new artificial intervertebral disc.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature,treatment and prognosis of both themother and the fetus with gestational diabetes insipidus.Methods A total of 7 cases of gestational diabetes insipidus collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College,Wen'zhou Combination ofTraditional Chinese Medicine with Western Medicine Hospital,and Zhejiang Taizhou Hospital from June 1993to June 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.Resuits Seven cases symptoms all characterized by excessive thirst polydipsia and polyuria.The average 24 h urinary output was between 11 L to 13 L and manifested of hypobaricuria.After effective treatment(three cases were treated with 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin,another three patients were managed with hydrochlorothiazide,and the last one was cured with antisterone),seven patients with gestational diabetes insipidus did not have any severe consequences.Their symptoms of excessive thirst,polyuria,and polydypsia disappeared from 7 days to 3 months after parturition.Urinary volume returned to normal standard of 1000-2000 ml during 24 hours.Specific gravity of urine recovered normally between a range 1.015-1.025 and serum sodium recovered between 135-147 mmol/L Theaverage duration of illness was 52 days.Eight newborn infants survived.Two of them were sent to neonatal intensive care unit for treatment.One was because of premature delivery caused by antepartum eclampsia,and the other case was one of the twins who had hydronephrosis.The baby of the first case left hospital after 3 weeks'treatment.The latter one's symptom disappeared 2 weeks after delivery.No obvious symptom was discovered among all the babies through follow-up telephone calls 42 days after childbirth.Conclusion Gestational diabetes insipidus is a rare endocrinopathy complicating pregnancy.This disorder is characterized by excessive thirst,polydypsia,polyuria,hypobaric urine and electrolyte disturbances usually manifesting in the third trimester of pregnancy or puerperium.This is a transient syndrome.The first treatment of choice in patients with gestational diabetes insipidus is 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin and the second-choice is hydrochlorothiazide.Early diagnosis and appropriate management of the disease may reduce the hazard forboth the mother and the fetus during perinatal period.

Objegtlve To study the effect of lipexins on the proliferation and secretion of peritoneal macrophages from patients with preeclampsia in vitro.Methods Peritoneal macrophages were obtained from 24 patients with preeclampsia(preeclampsia group)and 24 normal pregnant women(normal pregnant group)who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Coilege from March to July 2007.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the supernatant of macrophages which were pulsed with lipoxins at different concentrations(0,10,100 nmol/L)in both groups after 48 hours.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT)assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of cell proliferation of macrophages which were pulsed with lipoxins at different concentrations(0,10,100 nmol/L)in both groups after 24 hours.Results (1)The concentration of TNF-α:the levels of TNF-α were(1867.5±47.3),(1836.9±4.5) and (1800.5±2.7)ng/L after treatment with differed concentrations of lipoxins(0,10,100 nmol/L)in preeclampsia group vs normal pregnant group[(791.3±62.2),(789.4±2.3),(781.5±1.9)ng/L].The levels of TNF-α in preeclampsia group were significantly higher than that in normal pregnant group(P＜0.05).Lipoxins significantly inhibited the concentration of TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner in preeclampsia group (P＜0.05),while it had no significant effect in normal pregnant group(P＞0.05).(2)Cell proliferation inhibition:Incubation with lipoxins produced a dose-dependent(0,10,100 nmol/L)inhibitory effect on proliferation in preeclampsia group,[(14.8±6.3)%,(32.9±3.6)%,(36.7±3.8)%],vs normal pregnant group[(16.8±6.9)%,(16.7±5.4)%,(15.9±2.1)%].The rate of cell proliferation in preeclampsia group was significantly hisher than that in normal pregnant group.Lipoxins significandy inhibited this growth(P＜0.05),while it had no significant effect in normal pregnant group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lipoxins can inhibit the proliferation of macrophage and secretion of TNF-α in preeclampsia in a dose-dependent manner.Lipoxins may be potentially useful in prevention and treatment of preeclampsia.

From the visual angle of mechanics, bone remodelling plays an important role in adapting to load environment and repairing microcracks. In order to describe the process of bone remodelling explicitly, we introduced a bone remodelling model representing the biological features of damage/repair in bone. Based on Basic Multicellular Units (BMUs), the model embodies not only the mechano-transduction of osteocytes' response to mechanical stimuli, but also the biological process of the randomly ocurring microcracks that are resorbed by osteoclasts and then refilled by osteoblasts. A 2-D trabecular bone finite element model was used as an initial configuration in the research. The developments in bone microstructure and material properties have been monitored in the course of 10 simulated years. The conclusions are: (1) Initially, trabecular bone changes prominently, but it tends to be stable later on; (2) The material properties of trabecular bone in compression are much better than in tension.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Remodeling ; physiology ; Bone and Bones ; injuries ; pathology ; physiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Stress, Mechanical ; Wound Healing

Objective:To analyze the distribution of TCM syndrome elements and syndromes in patients with hypertension with insomnia (HWI) in the real world.Methods:A cross-sectional study and retrospectively enrolled. The positive symptoms and TCM syndrome type entries of 359 patients with HWI who were collected from Henan Integrated Medicine Hospital,Henan Provincial People's Hospital,the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from December 2020 to August 2022 were retrospectively studied. Based on factor analysis dimension reduction and systematic cluster analysis, the TCM syndrome elements and potential syndrome types of patients were summarized. The Latern 5.0 software was used to establish a latent structure model and comprehensive clustering based on the mountain climbing method (LTM-EAST) algorithm, and analyze and judge the common syndrome types, providing a basis for proposing the clinical common syndrome types of this disease.Results:Factor analysis extracted 14 common factors, and the cumulative contribution rate was 63.254%. Among the 36 symptom variables with frequency ≥ 70, more than half of the patients with hypertension and insomnia were upset, irritable, less sleepy, dreamy, dizzy, palpitations, stuffy chest, dry mouth, easy to wake up, and tired. The tongue color was mainly light red tongue and red tongue. The tongue is mainly thin and greasy. The first three pulse conditions are string pulse, number pulse and slippery pulse. The disease location and syndrome elements of hypertension with insomnia were mainly liver (52.09%), heart (33.43%), spleen (26.46%) and kidney (23.68%); The disease syndrome elements are mainly phlegm dampness (34.54%), yin deficiency (29.25%), heat (fire) (25.35%), and qi stagnation (25.07%). Ten syndrome types are obtained by frequency statistics, nine syndrome types are obtained by factor clustering, and seven syndrome types are inferred by implicit structure clustering. Among the syndrome types inferred by the above three methods, there are seven syndrome types that recur at least twice, which can be identified as the common syndrome type of hypertension with insomnia.Conclusions:The common clinical symptoms of HWI are upset and irritable, less sleep, more dreams, dizziness, palpitations, stuffy chest, dry mouth, easy to wake up, mental fatigue and body tiredness. The disease location and syndrome elements are mainly in liver, heart, spleen and kidney. The disease mainly involves phlegm dampness, yin deficiency, heat and qi stagnation. The common clinical syndrome types are liver depression transforming fire type, yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity type, phlegm dampness intrinsic type, yin deficiency and internal heat type, heart and gallbladder qi deficiency type, heart and spleen deficiency type, and heart kidney disjunction type.

Objective:To retrospectively assess the occurrence and risk factors in patients with acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) after polytrauma.Methods:Totally 430 patients with polytrauma admitted to Tongji Hospital from April 2018 to October 2019 were enrolled as the observation group. According to the diagnostic criteria of AGI, all patients were divided into the AGI group (with AGI) or N-AGI group (without AGI). The patients with abdominal injury or previously suffered from gastrointestinal disease were excluded. The patient's clinical characteristics lab tests results, and the first ISS, APACHEⅡ, SOFA and GCS scores were collected. The differences between different groups were statistically analyzed. The independent risk factors of AGI were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:65.3% of patients with polytrauma were accompanied by AGI (281/430 cases).There were significant differences between the AGI group and N-AGI group in ISS, GCS, APACHE Ⅱ and SOFA score, PCT or IL-6 level, shock index and length of stay in ICU ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that shock, ISS≥16, APACHE Ⅱ≥16, SOFA≥5, GCS≤8 and IL-6>50 pg/mL were the early independent risk factors in patients with ACI after polytrauma. Conclusion:The incidence of AGI in patients after polytrauma is higher, which is related to ischemia, hypoxia, abnormal blood coagulation and stress in the early stage after trauma.

ObjectiveTo explore the material basis and molecular mechanism of Linggui Qihua prescription （LGQH） against myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction （HFpEF）. MethodLiquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） was used to qualitatively analyze the active components of LGQH. AutoDock software was employed for molecular docking between the active components of LGQH and target proteins including α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， type Ⅰ collagen （ColⅠ）， type Ⅲ collagen （ColⅢ）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 （TIMP-1）. In vivo experiments were conducted on 40 spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs） aged 4 weeks， which were divided into an HFpEF group， an Entresto group （0.018 g·kg^-1）， and low- and high-dose LGQH groups （3.87， 7.74 g·kg^-1）. A high-fat， high-salt， and high-sugar diet was administered for 16 weeks along with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin solution for 8 weeks to establish an HFpEF model in rats. The blank group consisted of 10 Wistar Kyoto （WKY） rats and 10 SHRs. After successful modeling， the WKY， SHR， and HFpEF groups were given equal volumes of normal saline， while the other three groups received predetermined interventions. Daily oral gavage was performed for 6 weeks. After intervention， echocardiography was conducted to measure left ventricular （LV） anterior wall thickness （LVAWd）， LV posterior wall thickness （LVPWd）， LV internal diameter at end-diastole （LVIDd）， LV ejection fraction （LVEF）， isovolumic relaxation time （IVRT）， early diastolic peak velocity of mitral valve inflow （E）， and early diastolic mitral annular velocity （e'）. The E/e' ratio was calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect serum atrial natriuretic peptide （ANP）， B-type natriuretic peptide （BNP）， and galectin-3 （Gal-3）. Myocardial fibrosis was observed through Masson staining of pathological sections， and collagen volume fraction （CVF） and perivascular fibrosis ratio （PFR） were calculated. Real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and Western blot were employed to detect LV myocardial mRNA and protein expression of α-SMA， ColⅠ， ColⅢ， MMP-9， and TIMP-1. ResultLC-MS identified 13 active components in LGQH. Molecular docking indicated stable binding of the 13 compounds with five target proteins. In vivo experiments showed that compared with the blank group， the HFpEF group had significantly increased LVAWd， LVPWd， LVIDd， IVRT， E/e'， ANP， BNP， Gal-3， CVF， and PFR. LV myocardial α-SMA， ColⅠ， and ColⅢ mRNA and protein expression was significantly upregulated， while MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA and protein ratios were significantly downregulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the HFpEF group， LGQH might dose-dependently reduce LVAWd， LVPWd， LVIDd， IVRT， E/e'， ANP， BNP， Gal-3， CVF， and PFR， downregulated myocardial α-SMA， ColⅠ， ColⅢ mRNA expression， α-SMA， and ColⅠ protein expression， and upregulated MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA and protein expression （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionLGQH contains multiple active components and may inhibit myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF rats. It may further alleviate LV hypertrophy， dilation， and diastolic dysfunction， making it an effective Chinese medicinal prescription for treating HFpEF.

During coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the treatment of severe trauma has been impacted. The Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel corona virus pneumonia was published online on February 12, 2020, providing a strong guidance for the emergency treatment of severe trauma and the self-protection of medical staffs in the early stage of the epidemic. With the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council renaming "novel coronavirus pneumonia" to "novel coronavirus infection" and the infection being managed with measures against class B infectious diseases since January 8, 2023, the consensus published in 2020 is no longer applicable to the emergency treatment of severe trauma in the new stage of epidemic prevention and control. In this context, led by the Chinese Traumatology Association, Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association, Trauma Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, the Chinese expert consensus on emergency surgery for severe trauma and infection prevention during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic ( version 2023) is formulated to ensure the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe trauma in the new stage. Based on the policy of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and by using evidence-based medical evidence as well as Delphi expert consultation and voting, 16 recommendations are put forward from the four aspects of the related definitions, infection prevention, preoperative assessment and preparation, emergency operation and postoperative management, hoping to provide a reference for severe trauma care in the new stage of the epidemic prevention and control.