Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) may be defined as mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract,and the application of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate has changed the treatment style of the tumor.The surgical treatment is the only choice for the GIST patients before imatinib era,but now the individualized treatment combined with target therapy,surgery and laparoscope surery becomes the mainstay.The paper focus on the new development of preoperative biopsy,laparoscope surery,imatinib neoadjuvant and imatinib therapeutic effect evaluation in recent years.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, mainly due to the onset of the proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase, or platelet-derived growth factor receptor gene activating mutations. Molecular targeted therapy drug of imatinib mesylate inhibit KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptor aloha (PDGFRA) gene tyrosine kinase activity, which is effective in patients with advanced GIST. However, a growing number of studies have found the presence of imatinib mesylate in primary and secondary drug resistance in the treatment of GIST process. With the in-depth study of the physiological function and mechanism of action of non-coding RNA in recent years, making it gradually realized extensive regulation of non-coding RNA gene expression, which occurs in tumor development, invasion and metastasis, drug resistance and other processes plays an important role. Non-coding RNA has the potential to explore GIST pathogenesis and resistance mechanisms to provide new ideas and direction.

Objective To explore the changes and significance of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) during wound healing in rat. Methods Wound fluids and dermal pluripotent stem cells (DPSCs) were isolated with routine method from rats, and they were purified and expanded. Wound fluid was collected on the first day to serve as wound microenvironment, then the responses of DPSCs to wound fluids were investigated, and the expression of MMP3 protein in DPSCs was determined by immunohistochemistry staining. Meanwhile, animal models were repruduced with cutaneous incision and suturing, and the animals were respectively assigned to intractable wound group, in which rats received whole body irradiation, and simple wound group, in which no irradiation was given. The rats were sacrificed on 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th and 14th day posttrauma (n=5 each), and specimens of wound tissue were harvested, fixed with 10% formalin solution. Twenty four hours later, the samples were dehydrated and embeded, then paraffin section were made. Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Light microscopy was used to observe the pathological changes in wounds. Five randomly selected fields were observed under a ?40 objective to evaluate the histological features, especially the amount of tissue repairing cells in wounds. Furthermore, MMP3 contents in wound sites were determined by immunohistochemistry assay and image analysis. Results The expression of MMP3 in DPSCs increased significantly after stimulation by wound fluids. MMP3 contents in rats of simple wound group increased significantly, especially in the dermal tissues, and the peak value appeared 5-7 days after trauma. MMP3 contents in rats of intractable wound group were significantly less than those of simple wound group, and the time when the peak value appeared was also delayed till the 10th day after trauma. Conclusions MMP3 may be an important substrate involved in wound healing. DPSCs may participate in the processes of wound repairing via high expression of MMP3.

Objective To study the characteristics of cell engraftment in mice at a lower dose under nonlethal radiated condition.Methods A syngeneic C57BL/6 mouse model,transplanted with 1 × 107 bone marrow cells and exposed to 2.5 Gy whole body irradiation (WBI),was selected to study the chimerism of cells from green fluorescent protein positive (GFP +) transgenic mice.The control group was injected with GFP + cells without receiving irradiation.In addition,an allogenic transplantation model of BALB/c mice was also investigated which was infused by GFP + cells from C57BL/6 mice.The engraftment of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) was detected by immunohistochemistry in bone marrow,liver,lung,small intestine and spleen.Results The transplanted bone marrow cells successfully grafted in the haematopoietic tissues from syngeneic GFP transgenic mice.The transplanted GFP+ cells were also detected in the non-haematopoietic tissues,such as the small intestine,liver,spleen and lung,after irradiation.However,a lethal dose irradiation of 8 Gy was required to establish successful chimerism in allogeneic transplantation model by infusing the bone marrow cells from C57BL/6 mice to BALB/c mice.Conclusions Bone marrow-derived cells can be successfully grafted into various recipient tissues receiving a 2.5 Gy dose of radiation in syngeneic mice,but not in allogeneic mice.This nonlethal model may help to further study the plasticity and mechanism of bone marrow-derived cells in tissue repair and regeneration after radiation injury.

Objective To explore a separation and culture method of human adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs) suitable for the clinical application .Methods The non-enzymatic method and the collagenase digestion method were adopted to isolate and culture the cells from the human adipose tissue in the individuals with liposuction .The characteristics of isolated mesenchymal stem cells were comparatively analyzed .Results The required time in the non-enzymatic method was one third of that in the collagenase di-gestion method and the cellular morphology ,reproductive capacity ,immunophenotype and differentiation potential of the isolated cells were consistent to those isolated by the collagenase digestion method .Conclusion The no-enzymatic method may isolate and culture ADSCs from the adipose tissue in the individual with liposuction ,which is a safety and reliable isolation and culture method of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells suitable for clinical application .

Objective To observe whether dermal multipotent stem cells (dMSCs) treated with platelet-derived growth factor-AA ( PDGF-AA )could distribute more frequently to the bone marrow in rats of total body irradiation (TBI).Methods Male dMSCs were isolated and 10 μg/L PDGF-AA was added to the culture medium and further cultured for 2 h.Then the expression of tenascin-C were examined by Western blot, and the migration ability of dMSCs was assessed in transwell chamber.The pre-treated dMSCs were transplanted by tail vein injection into female rats administered with total body irradiation, and 2 weeks after transplantation, real-time PCR was employed to measure the amount of dMSCs in bone marrow.Non-treated dMSCs served as control.Results PDGF-AA treatment increased the expression of tenascin-C in dMSCs, made (1.79 ± 0.13) × 105 cells migrate to the lower chamber under the effect of bone marrow extract, and distributed to bone marrow in TBI rats, significantly more than ( 1.24 ± 0.09) ×105 in non-treated dMSCs (t = 8.833, P ＜ 0.0l ).Conclusions PDGF-AA treatment could enhance the migration ability of dMSCs and increase the amount of dMSCs in bone marrow of TBI rats after transplantation.

Autologous multipotent stem cells are most relevant cells for regenerative medicine and show prosperous future in the treatment of human diseases. Previous reports have indicated that multipotent stem cells (MSCs) can be obtained from bone marrow and adipose tissues. In this study, we proved that dermis may be another source of these cells. MSCs were isolated from the dermis of newborn rats one day old by adhesion competition and successive culture. These cells conserved the ability to differentiate to osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes by induction media containing dexamethasone. After long term of more than 6 months, till 25th generation, the cells still maintained the characteristics of stem cells: high activity of self-renewal and multipotency. Mixed collagen matrix from dermis could promote the growth of dermis-derived multipotent stem cells and collagen sponge stent could promote their three-dimensional growth in vitro.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; pharmacology ; Dermis ; cytology ; Multipotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the promotion effect of human transcriptional positive cofactor 4 (PC4) overexpression on lymphatic metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma .Methods 96 samples of lung adenocarcinoma tissue were collected .The immuno‐histochemistry(IHC) and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were adopted for detecting the expression levels of PC4 protein and mRNA .The correlation of PC4 expression with lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage was analyzed .Re‐sults The expression of PC4 protein was positively correlated mRNA in lung adenocarcinoma (r=0 .63 ,P<0 .01);the expression of PC4 protein was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (χ2 =8 .29 ,P<0 .01) and TNM stage (χ2 =4 .71 ,P<0 .05);the expression of PC4 mRNA was also positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 8 .40 ,P< 0 .01) and TNM stage (χ2 =5 .10 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion PC4 overexpression is found to be closely associated with the lymph node metastasis and TNM stage .PC4 may facilitate the lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma .

Besides hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow also contains another type of stem cells called mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). With different induced conditions, MSCs have the ability to differentiate into a variety of nonhematopoietic tissue cells, including osteoblasts, chondroblast, adipocytes, myoblasts, astrocytes, and so on. MSCs can be readily obtained from bone marrow by their adhesion to plastic and expansion in culture. Also they can be genetically engineered by transduced target genes. MSCs may be the farget cells for both cell therapy and gene therapy for diseases derived from many different nonhematopoietic tissues.

Animals ; Leukocyte Count ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Nerve Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Skin ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Survival Rate ; Whole-Body Irradiation ; adverse effects ; mortality ; Wound Healing ; drug effects