Objective Selecting doxorubicin and tetrandrine as model drug to prepare complex liposomes, study the methods of preparation, and research its release property in vitro. Methods The formulation of tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes was optimized by three different kinds of methods. And the optimum formula was selected through the orthogonal test according to the entrapment efficiency. Results Tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes were prepared by (NH4)2SO4-gradient method combined with pH gradient method. One optimum recipe was founded that tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes/ egg phosphatidyl choline was 1∶20, egg phosphatidyl choline/cholesterol was 3∶1, pH value was 7.6, incubation temperature was 50 ℃, concentration of (NH4)2SO4 was 250 mmol/L. The doxorubicin completely released within 24 h, and the tetrandrine released within 16 h. Conclusion Tetrandrine-doxorubicin complex liposomes have high entrapment efficiency with fine-looking, which is better for the further studies

OBJECTIVE: To determine the concentration of phospholipid in 5-FUR prodrug liposome. METHODS: The sample was fragmented by ethanol and extracted by chloroform. The concentration of phospholipid in 5-FUR prodrug liposome was determined by ammonium ferrothiocyarate spectrophometry at a wavelength 488 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of phospholipid was 0.01～0.10 mg?mL-1(r=0.999 6, n=3) with an average recovery rate of 99.66% (RSD=3.17%). CONCLUSION: This method is simple, convenient and sensitive, and it can be used for the quality control of 5-FUR prodrug liposome.

OBJECTIVE: To draw a comparison between the two preparative technologies of tetrandrine liposomes. METHODS: Tetrandrine liposomes were prepared with ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradient method and film dispersion method respectively. Leaking ratio,particle size,and content of phospholipid of liposomes were selected as the parameters to indicate the stability of liposomes,and the entrapment efficiency was taken as quality index to compare the two preparation technologies. RESULTS: Tetrandrine liposomes prepared with ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradient technology achieved high entrapment efficiency of 81.1% and good stability,while those prepared by film dispersion method had an entrapment efficiency of only 32.9% with poor stability. CONCLUSION: Ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradient method is feasible and superior to the film dispersion method in the preparation of tetrandrine liposome.

Objective To investigate the association between the systolic/diastolic orthostatic hypotension (OH-S/OH-D) and myoeardial infarction (MI) in the elderly.Methods Health screening physical examination were carried in 1081 subjects without MI aged over 65 years in Guangzhou Military region.The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and at 0 and 2 minutes after standing.All the cases were divided into systolic or diastolic group on the basis of definition of orthostatic hypotension and followed up by telephone or inpatient medical records with mean period of 315.8 days.The primary endpoint was MI occurrence.Results The prevalence of OH in this cohort was 24.5％ ( OH-S/OH-D:19.3％/17.2％ ).Significant differences in the occurrence of OH and OH-S were found in the elderly and the very elderly subjects( ≥80 years) (26.1％ vs 20.1％,P=0.045; 21.0％ vs 14.6％,P =0.018),while no difference was found in OH-D.The prevalence of MI in the OH positive subjects was significantly higher than that in the OH negative subjects,as well as in OH-S or OH-D group.After adjustment of age,supine blood pressure,creatinine and cerebrovascular history by logistic regression,the association was observed between MI and OH ( HR 15.635,95 ％ CI 3.299-74.091,P=0.001),OH-S(HR 8.760,95％CI2.487-30.851,P=0.001)and OH-D(HR 3.889,95％ CI 1.097-13.790,P =0.035 ).Conclusion OH-S and OH-D hypotension are robust predictors for MI in the elderly.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenmai injection in treating elderly with orthostatic hypotension. Methods The total of 97 cases of patients with orthostatic hypotension were randomly divided into 2 groups, which was injected intravenously with 100 mL Shenmai injection once daily as the treatment group, with 100 mL glucose as the control.The treatment lasted 14 days. The clinical symptom score, the difference of blood pressure, the P￣selectin, and the platelet maximum aggregation were measured. Results Compared with the control, Shenmai injection significantly reduced the clinical symptom scores of patients (P<0.05), lowered the difference of blood pressure for upright and supine significantly (P<0.05), decreased the platelet maximum aggregation and P￣selectin remarkably (P<0.05). Conclusion Shenmai injection significantly reduces the difference of blood pressure for upright and supine of the elderly with orthostatic hypotension, and inhibits the activities of platelets, thus improves the clinical symptoms.

Objective:To analyze the influences of azithromycinantibiotic combined glucocorticoids on the levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inflammatory cytokines levels as well as the clinical effect of severe pneumonia mycoplasma.Methods:112 children with severe pneumonia mycoplasma who were treated in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 56 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with azithromycinantibiotic,while the patients in the observation group were treated with glucocorticoid on the basis of the control group.Then the levels of ESR,LDH,isoenzyme MB (CK-MB),creatine kinase (CK),aspertate aminotransferase (AST),c-reactive protein (CRP),interleukin 6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-o (TNF-α),CD4+ and CD8+,the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions between two groups were observed and compared before and after the treatment.Results:The effective rate in the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of ESR,LDH,CK-MB,CK,AST,CRP,IL-6,TNF-α and CD8+ in the two groups decreased,which were lower in the observation group than those of the control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of CD4+ in both groups increased,which was higher in the observation group than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The disappearance time of fever,cough relief,lung rale of observation group were shorter than those of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Azithromycin combined with glucocorticoids was more effective than azithromycin alone in the treatment of severe mycoplasma pneumonia with high safety,which could obviously relieve the myocardial injury and inflammatory response,enhance the immune function.

BACKGROUND: Acute myocardial ischemia can activate the c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase(JNK) and, in turn, the ischemia damage can be aggravated by JNK. While in chronic hibernating myocardium, whether chronic myocardial ischemia can activate JNK1/2 or not and what is the role of JNK1/2 in developing the chronic hibernating myocardium, is not clear.OBJECTIVE :To identify protein expression of JNK1/2 and the p-JNK1/2 changes in chronic hibernating myocardium.DESIGN: Randomly controlled experimental research.SETTING: This study was performed in Cardiovascular Disease Institute, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College.MATERIALS: Animal models were prepared in the Catheter Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, protein expression of JNK1/2 and the phosphorylation(p-JNK1/2) changes were measured in the Department of Biochemistry of Xuzhou Medical College. Fourteen small Chinese domestic pigs were randomly divided into two groups, experiment group( n = 8) and control group( n = 6) . Right coronary artery was selected as target vessel in experiment group, and home-made constrictor was delivered through right femoral artery to induce chronic hibernating myocardium and myocardial infarction.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Normal myocardial tissue in control group, normal myocardial tissue and chronic hibernating myocardium sample in experiment group were checked with light microscope and electron microscope,protein expression of JNK1/2 and the phosphorylation changes in myocardium tissue of three groups were analyzed by immunoblotting (Western blotting).RESULTS: p-JNK1/2 was higher in chronic hibernating myocardium of experiment group than that of normal myocardium in experiment and control group. Immunological activity of p-JNK1/2 in control group, normal myocardium, and chronic hibernating myocardium in experiment group was 1,1.42 ± 0.52, 2.6 ± 0.59, respectively.CONCLUSION: JNK1/2 can be activated in chronic hibernating myocardium tissue and also participated in its occurrence and development.

Objective To determine the effect of fast passage for patients' access to the emergency department of hospital on rescuing and triaging the traumatic casualties referred from the site of accident by collision between two bullet trains occurred at Wenzhou station on 23 July 2011 in order to accumulate experience of treating large number of traumatized casualties happened in a major accident or disaster.Methods A retrospective study was carried out to collect the data including the different courses of treatment for various types of injury in casualties and the length of stay of traumatized patients with different degrees of severity in the emergency department after casualties entered into the emergency department of hospital via fast passage.Results There were 136 traumatic casualties referred to hospital within 72 hours after the bullet train accident occurred at Wenzhou station.The average length of stay of patients with uncomplicated single injury in the hospital was 27min,and the average length of stay of 108 patients with multiple injuries in the emergency department was 62 min.In last year,the annually average length of stay of casualties in emergency department was 50 min longer when there was no fast passage available for patient to enter into.Conclusions The fast passage for casualties entering into emergency department not only guarantees the traumatized patients rescued in no time after bullet train accident but also shortens the length of stay in the Emergency Department.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature and prevalence of chronic actinic dermatitis in a four-generation family with both monovular twins affected by chronic actinic dermatitis.Methods The clinical and laboratory findings from monovular twins simultaneously affected by chronic actinic dermatitis and their four-family members were analyzed.Results There were 76 members in the four-generation family,with 22 members (including 14 males and 8 females) diagnosed with chronic actinic dermatitis.No positive results were found from laboratory examinations or environmental survey.Conclusion Chronic actinic dermatitis was inherited in an autosomal mode in this family.

Objective To investigate the relationship between orthostatic hypotension (OH) and antihypertensive therapy in the elderly hypertensive population.Methods A total of 1174 elderly retired people (849 cases with hypertension and 325 cases without hypertension) in Guangzhou Military Region underwent health physical examination.All people were surveyed by questionnaires.The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and then at 0 and 2 minutes after standing.Comparative analysis was made on the prevalence of OH and the relationship between OH and antihypertensive therapy.Results A significant difference in the prevalence of OH was observed between hypertensive patients and nonhypertensive patients [29.4％ (250/849) vs.15.7％ (51/325),x2 =23.32,P＜0.01].There was no significant difference in the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in patients with versus without antihypertensive therapy [30.5％ (220/721) vs.23.4％ (30/128),x2 =2.62,P＞0.05].Conclusions Orthostatic hypotension is common observed in elderly hypertensive patients.Antihypertensive therapy may not increase the prevalence of OH.