Objective To translate LARS Score into Chinese and examine the reliability and validity of the LARS Score to predict patient bowel function.Methods A convenience sample of 40 Chinese rectal patients was recruited sequentially from a tertiary first-class hospital in Tianjin.The patients were assessed for bowel function using the LARS Score after anterior resection.Data were collected to conduct reliability tests on test-retest,inter-rater and constant,construction validity.Results The field test demonstrated excellent repeatability with an ICC value of 0.9615 (95％CI 0.9272～0.9796); inter-rater reliability was high with an ICC value of 0.9394 (95％CI 0.8854～0.9680).Content validity was excellent which CVR was 0.90.Constructive validity was good,factor analysis extracted two common factors,which could explain 60.659％ of the total variance,and each item on the corresponding factor had satisfactory factor loading quantity (＞0.4).Conclusions The Chinese version of LARS Score is easy to use and convenient to understand; the evidence collected in this study has shown good reliability and validity of using the LARS Score in assessing bowel function of Chinese rectal cancer patients.

To observe the effects of Yiqi Kaimi Recipe (YQKMR), a traditional Chinese compound medicine, on gastrointestinal motility and neuropeptides in rats with colonic slow transit constipation.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Wenshen Jianpi Recipe (WSJPR, a traditional Chinese medicine for warming kidney and invigorating spleen) on chronic wound healing and the mechanism. METHODS: Ninety-six SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 24 rats in each group, and back wound was made in the rats. For rats in 3 of the 4 groups, hydrocortisone injection was administered to induce chronic wound. Rats in 2 of the 3 groups were treated with WSJPR and Xinpukang Granules (XPKG) respectively, and the rats in the other group were untreated. The rats in the fourth group were taken as control. The wound healing time and the width of new epidermis were observed, and the histomorphological changes and cell cycle of the granulation tissue, and the protein expressions of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) and fibronectin (FN) in the granulation tissue were tested with immunohistochemical technique and flow cytometry. RESULTS: The wound healing time of the WSJPR-treated and XPKG-treated groups was (17.0+/-1.9) and (18.8+/-1.9) d respectively, much shorter than that of the untreated and control groups (P<0.05). On the 14th experiment day, the width of new epidermis of the WSJPR-treated and XPKG-treated groups was (3.73+/-0.19) and (3.21+/-0.15) mm respectively, much wider than that of the untreated and control groups (P<0.05). The numbers of angiogenesis, fibroblasts and cells in the S phase in WSJPR-treated and XPKG-treated groups were much higher than those in the untreated and control groups (P<0.05). Compared with the untreated and control groups, the protein expressions of EGF, TGF-beta(1) and FN in WSJPR-treated and XPKG-treated groups were higher (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: WSJPR can enhance the wound healing. It was likely through accelerating the cell proliferation and up-regulating the expressions of EGF, TGF-beta(1) and FN.

Objective To understand the adsorption capability and kinetics of chitosan (CTS) for Pb(II) in water. Methods The spectrophotometry was used to explore the effects of time, temperature, pH value and ion intensity on the adsorption capability of CTS for lead. Results The adsorption speed was faster at the beginning, then to the balance status 80 minutes later. The adsorption rate increased as the temperature increased. pH value could influence the adsorption, the adsorption capacity reached to the maximum when the pH values were 3.6-4.6. The sodium chloride solution showed an inhibitory effect on the adsorption with a dose dependent manner. Conclusion The adsorption is influenced by the effects of time, temperature, pH value, and ion intensity. The apparent energy(?E) is 5.11 kJ/mol.

Objective To study the changes of left ventricular structure and function after transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect(ASD)by strain rate(SR)imaging.Methods Twenty-eight patients with secundum type ASD were undergone transcatheter closure.Left and right ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVED and RVED),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),the Doppler transmitral filling velocities(E values and A values)and tricuspid regurgitation pressure were measured respectively at pre-operation,3 days,1 month and 3 months of post-operation.According to tricuspid regurgitation pressure,systolic pulmonary artery pressure(SPAP)was estimated.SR curves in all segments of left ventricular walls were acquired for all patients.The SR values including the peak of systolic SR,early-diastolic SR,late-diastolic SR were measured respectively.ResultsAfter operation,LVED,LVEF,E values and A values increased significantly while RVED and SPAP decreased.Almost all left ventricular walls' SR increased at post-operation except that SR of interventricular septeum(IVS)and left ventricular post wall(LVPW)decreased at 3 days,1 month of post-operation.Conclusions LV systolic and diastolic function are improved after operation,but SR characteristic changes of IVS and LVPW is the one of the most unique characters.

AIM: To investigate the effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the intracellular calcium in electrically stimulated adult rat ventricular myocytes during anoxia and reoxygenation. METHODS: The isolated cardiac ventricular myocytes were exposed to 5 min anoxia followed by 10 min reoxygenation. Chemical anoxia was introduced by Krebs-Henseleit (K-H) solution containing 10 -3 mol/L sodium dithionite. The spectrofluorometric method was used to verify intracellular calcium transient with fura-2/AM as calcium fluorescence probe. RESULTS: It was shown that during anoxia, the amplitude of Ca 2+ transient was decreased, diastolic [Ca 2+ ] i, time to peak and time to relaxation of Ca 2+ transient were increased. All the parameters were got back but did not returned to the pre-anoxia level during reoxygenation. IL-2 at 2?10 5 U/L administrated during anoxia aggravated the effect of rexoxygenation on [Ca 2+ ] i transient. Pretreatment with a specific ? opioid antagonist, nor-BNI (10 -8 mol/L), abolished the effect induced by IL-2 during anoxia on the [Ca 2+ ] i transients, whereas specific ? opioid antagonist, naltrindole (10 -6 mol/L), did not cancel the effect. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that administration of IL-2 during anoxia aggravated the effect of reoxygenation on the [Ca 2+ ] i transients of isolated ventricular myocytes, which was mediated by cardiac ? opioid receptor pathway.

Background: Basic principles of clinical trials of nonpharmacologic treatment are similar to those of pharmacologic treatment, but its some special characteristics should be discussed. Objective: To explore the design characteristics of clinical surgery trial through the example of tunnel thread-drawing therapy for simple anal fistula. Design, setting, participants and interventions: The clinical trial was designed as a prospective, controlled, randomized multicenter trial. The patients came from Longhua Hospital, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and Affiliated Hospital of Jianxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Stratified random was performed according to the subtype of anal fistula including low and high anal fistula. Full analysis set was applied to analyze the baseline data, and per protocol set was used in efficacy and safety analysis. The intervention was tunnel thread-drawing method. Classical therapy of thread-drawing method was employed as positive control. Main outcome measures: The primary outcomes were course of recovery and cure rate. Quality of life score was used as secondary outcome and anal maximum constriction pressure was considered as safety outcome. Results: Optimal efficiency testing method was used to estimate sample size. A total of 244 subjects were recruited and 236 subjects completed the trial. There was no significant difference in the cure rate of the low and high anal fistula between the treatment group and control group. There was a significant difference in the course of recovery in the patients with low and high anal fistula between treatment group and control group (P<0.01). To the patients with low anal fistula, the course of recovery in the treatment group was (22.26+/-8.67) d, and the course of recovery in the control group was (31.41+/-11.39) d. To the patients with high anal fistula, the course of recovery in the treatment group was (24.73+/-8.15) d, and the course of recovery in the control group was (32.20+/-12.60) d. There was no significant difference in the scores of quality of life in the patients with low anal fistula between the treatment group and control group (P>0.05). The trial showed that the tunnel thread-drawing therapy was significantly more effective than classical method for improving the anal sphincter function and patient satisfaction with treatment in the patients with high anal fistula. However the other items of quality of life in the two groups did not show significant difference. There was no any adverse event report in each group. There was no significant difference in the anal maximum constriction pressure in the treatment group before and after the operation. Conclusion: The trial shows that the tunnel thread-drawing therapy for simple anal fistula can shorten the course of recovery and improve the patients' quality of life. The training about surgical intervention and clinical implementation program is important in clinical surgery trial. Blind is absolutely difficult to implement and placebo cannot be used in this kind of trial.

AIM: To investigate the effect of Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat) Tzvel (DM) on isolated rat heart and ventricular myocytes during ischemia/anoxia and reperfusion/reoxygenation.METHODS: The Langendorff perfused rat hearts were used to measure intraventricular pressure and coronary flow. The cell contraction and intracellular calcium transient in enzymatically isolated ventricular myocytes were determined. RESULTS: (1) DM (0.5 g/L) significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects induced by ischemia/reperfusion on left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), ?dp/dt max, coronary flow and LVDP?HR, meanwhile increased the content of SOD and decreased the content of MDA in the myocardium; (2) DM (0.5 g/L) attenuated the inhibitory effects of anoxia and reoxygenation on [Ca 2+]i transient and cell contraction in isolated ventricular myocytes. CONCLUSION: DM attenuated the effects on contractility and intracellular calcium induced by ischemia/anoxia and reperfusion/reoxygenation in the isolated rat heart and the ventricular myocytes. The mechanism might be related to increase in SOD activity and maintaining [Ca 2+]i homeostasis.

AIM: To investigate the role of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling in tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?)-induced cardioprotection against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. METHODS: Neonatal rat ventricular myocytes were pretreated with TNF-? or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or L-arginine (L-Arg), respectively, for 12 h and then subjected to continuous hypoxia for 12 h, followed by reoxygenation for 6 h. The manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity of the cells was measured after H/R. Myocyte injury was determined by the release of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH). RESULTS: TNF-? (10~5 (U/L)) significantly increased the Mn-SOD activity and decreased release of LDH from ventricular myocytes. The cardioprotection against H/R injury was induced by the pretreatment with SNP (5 ?mol/L) or L-Arg (5 mmol/L), which was blocked by ODQ (10 ?mol/L), the specific sGC inhibitor, and Chel (5 ?mol/L), the specific PKC inhibitor. Pretreatment with L-NAME (100 ?mol/L), ODQ, Chel, antoxidant 2-MPG (400 ?mol/L) or tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (50 ?mol/L) attenuated the increased Mn-SOD activity and reduced LDH level induced by TNF-?. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that NO may play a role in TNF-?-induced cardioprotection, which is mediated by sGC and PKC. [