Objective To evaluate the economic effects of Imipenem-Cilastatin Sodium and Meropenem for severe infection.Methods The therapeutic effects and costs of the two therapeutic schemes for severe infection were evaluated by using cost-minimization analysis.Results The total effective rates of Imipenemcilastatin group and Meropenem group in the treatment severe infection were 93.33％ (28/30) and 85.71％ (24/28),the difference were not statistically significant (x2 =4.89,P =0.082).The cost-effectiveness ratio (C/E) were 40.35 and 71.69 respectively.The cost of every unit increment of effectiveness for Meropenem group were 312.16 Yuan,more than that of the Imipenem-cilastatin group.Conclusion Cost-effectiveness ratio of Imipenem-cilastatin is superior to that of Meropenem,and Imipenem-cilastatin has obvious pharmacoeconomics advantage over Meropenem for severe infections.

Objective:To study the effects of different processes on diosgenin content in polygonatum from Shaanxi. Methods:The content of diosgenin was determined by HPLC on a column of Woburn C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(90 ∶10)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 203 nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the injection volume was 30 μl. Results:The linear range of diosgenin was 0. 892-5. 352 μg(r=0. 999 9), and the aver-age recovery was 99. 5% (RSD=2. 53%). The content of diosgenin was significantly various among the samples of polygonatum with different processes from Shaanxi (P<0. 05), and that in the raw slices was the highest followed by the steam samples, while that in al-cohol evaporate slices was the lowest. Conclusion:The results of the research can provide reference for the quality control and process-ing methods of polygonatum from Shaanxi.

Objective To study the effect of family intervention on treatment compliance and social function for patients with schizophrenia.Methods 76 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group with 38 cases in each group.The patients in both groups were treated with antipsychotics,the control group was only given general hygiene education,while the intervention group was given targeted systematic family intervention for 1 year.The Nurse-Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (N-BPRS),Social Disability Screening scale (SDSS),Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire (ITAQ),medication adherence questionnaire were used before and after the intervention and then the recurrence rate within 1 year was calculated.Results At the end of 1 year the total scores of NBPRS,SDSS,medication adherence questionnaire significantly decreased in the intervention group and were signif-icantly lower than those of the control group at the same period,while the total score of ITAQ significantly increased in the intervention group and was significantly higher than those of the control group at the same period.The recurrence rate of the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group.Conclusions The family interventions contribute to promote insight recovery of the patients with schizophrenia ef-fectively and improve their treatment compliance,reduce recurrence and to promote the recovery of its so-cial function.

Objective: To investigate the application of free medial thigh chimeric myocutaneous perforator flap in the reconstruction of tongue defect after radical resection of tongue carcinoma. Methods: From June 2013 to November 2015, 17 cases with tongue carcinoma underwent radical resection and tongue and mouth floor defects after surgery were reconstructed with medial thigh chimeric myocutaneous perforator flaps at the same stage. These 17 cases included tongue carcinoma on lingual margin (n=9), ventral tongue (n=7) and mouth floor (n=1). Appearance and functional results were evaluated with follow-up. Results: Medial thigh chimeric myocutaneous perforator flap was (9.0±0.3) cm in length, (4.5±0.3) cm in width , and (1.8±0.4) cm in thickness. The length of pedicle was (7.4±0.6) cm. All of the 17 flaps survived uneventfully, and the donor sites were closed directly in all cases. All patients were followed up for 10-28 months with satisfied esthetic and functional results in reconstructed tongue. Aside from linear scar in the donor sites, the functions of thighs were not affected. No local recurrence occurred. Conclusion The free medial thigh chimeric myocutaneous perforator flap is an ideal choice to reconstruct the tongue and mouth floor defect after radical resection of tongue carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the attentional bias for negative emotional facial expressions in major depressive disorder(MDD).Methods:Twenty MDD participants were selected from a larger pool of patients (n=35),diagnosed as depression with the Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders Version 3 (CCMD-3),according to the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).And 20 non-depression control participants(NC)matched with MDD group on age,gender and education level.All participants completed an exogenous cueing task which consisted of two kinds of cue types(valid and invalid trial)and two kinds of face types(neutral faces and negative faces).Results:Patients with MDD showed more larger cue validity effect for negative faces compared with neutral faces(21.73 ms vs.3.91 ms,P<0.01).They showed a stronger attentional engagement for negative faces in comparison with non-depressed participants(17.25 ms vs.1.64 ms,P<0.001).The NC group directed attention away from negative faces,more rapidly disengaging their attention compared with MDD,but the differences showed no significant(-1.50 ms vs.0.57 ms,P>0.05).Conclusion:These results support the assumption that MDD is associated with attentional bias for negative information,and deficits protective bias for it.

Objective:To investigate the effect of peer support education on family function of breast cancer patients with breast reconstruction.Methods:Totally 146 patients who received surgical treatment in the department of plastic surgery for breast cancer from June 2017 to June 2019 were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group by the method of random number table, 73 cases each. The control group received routine education. Patients in the observation group received regular education and peer support education. The intervention time was from admission to 6 months after discharge, and the control group received routine nursing care. Quality of life questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients at six months after operation, family care index questionnaire was used to evaluate the family function of the patients, and comprehend social support scale was used to evaluate the level of social support, then various indicators of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:6 months after operation, the scores of quality of life function and symptom dimension of the intervention group were 6.43±1.54. 5.83±1.47, while control group were 6.02±1.59; 6.39±1.63. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( t values were 4.30, 5.01, P < 0.05); family care scores of the two groups were compared, the intervention group was 8.78±2.04. The control group was 8.43±2.05. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( t value was 2.02, P < 0.05); the comprehension support score of the two groups was compared, and that of the intervention group was 62.24±14.81. The control group was 55.74±13.58. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( t value was 4.26, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Peer support education can improve the quality of life and family care of breast cancer patients with breast reconstruction.

Objective: To optimize the extraction method for American ginseng. Methods: Based on the contents of the total poly-saccharides and saponins in American ginseng, the ethanol concentration, extraction duration, solid-liquid ratio and extraction time were selected to determine the factors and levels by single-factor test. And then 3 factors further considered were the concentration of ethanol, solid-liquid ratio and extraction time. Results: The optimum extraction process was adding 12-fold amount of 40% ethanol, and extracting for 3 times. Conclusion: The optimized extraction process is simple, quick and stable, and can be used to extract the total polysaccharide and saponins from American gingeng.

Objective:To explore the occurrence of symptoms in postoperative patients with oral cancer, and to explore the types and number of symptom groups.Methods:The Anderson symptom assessment scale for head and neck cancer was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 345 patients after oral cancer surgery. The results of two exploratory factor analysis methods were compared, and the cluster analysis and Spearman rank correlation analysis were combined to determine the symptom group of patients after oral cancer surgery.Results:There were 4 symptom groups in patients with oral cancer, including oral and pharynx symptoms group, dietary and digestive symptoms group, gastrointestinal and emotional symptoms group, and rest activity symptoms group.Conclusions:There are many symptom groups that affect the life of patients with oral cancer in the rehabilitation process after surgery, so the medical staff should carry out targeted intervention mode to achieve better intervention effect.

Objective: To investigate the application of free anteromedial thigh (AMT) perforator flap in the reconstruction of tongue defect after radical resection of tongue carcinoma. Methods: From September 2010 to January 2015, 57 cases with tongue carcinoma underwent radical resection, leaving tongue and mouth floor defects which were reconstructed by AMT perforator flaps at the same stage.These 57 eases included tongue carcinoma at lingual margin (n=36), at ventral tongue (n=15) and at mouth floor (n=6). Results: The size of AMT perforator flap ranged from 5.5 cm×4.0 cm to 7.5 cm×5.5 cm, the thickness of flap ranged from 1.0-1.7 cm.The length of pedicle from descending branch of lateral circumferential femoral artery is (8.2±0.6) cm, found in 28 cases.The length of pedicle from profunda femoral artery is (8.5±0.4) cm, found in 17 cases.The length of pedicle from femoral artery is (8.1±0.7) cm, found in 12 cases.All 57 perforator flaps survived uneventfully, the defects at donor site were closed directly in all cases. All patients were followed up for 12-24 months with satisfactory esthetic and functional results in reconstructed tongue. No local recurrence happened. Only linear scar left in the donor sites, the function of thighs were not affected. Conclusions The free AMT perforator flap is an ideal choice for reconstruction of the tongue and mouth floor defect after radical resection of tongue carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the application of free profunda femoral artery pedicled gracilis chimeric myocutaneous flap in the reconstruction of defect after radical resection of buccal mucoca squamous cell carcinoma. Method: From January 2014 to May 2016, 12 cases with buccal mucoca squamous cell carcinoma underwent radical resection, leaving buccal mucoca defect which was reconstructed by free profunda femoral artery pedicled gracilis chimeric myocutaneous flap at the same stage. The buccal mucoca defect was reconstructed with skin paddle, the mouth floor cavity was filled with muscular flap. Result: The Length of free profunda femoral artery pedicled gracilis chimeric myocutaneous flap was (9.0±0.3) cm, the width of flap was (4.5±0.3) cm, the thickness of flap was (1.8±0.4) cm.The length of pedicle was (7.4±0.6) cm.All 12 chimeric perforator flaps survived uneventfully, the defects at the donor sites were closed directly in all cases. All patients were followed up for 10-28 months (14.8 on average) with satisfied esthetic and functional results in flap reconstruction. The swallowing and speech function was satisfactory. No local recurrence happened. Only linear scar was left in the donor sites, the function of thighs was not affected. Conclusions The free profunda femoral artery pedicled gracilis chimeric myocutaneous flap is an ideal choice for reconstruction of the defect after radical resection of buccal mucoca squamous cell carcinoma.