Migraine is a common neurovascular disease in clinical practice,its pathogenesis is both involved in the nervous system and vascular system.Many researchers believe that there are complex relationships between migraine and ischemic stroke.This article reviews the advances in this field in recent years.

Single nueleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common genetic variants in human genome.Candidate gene,genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and exome sequencing which base on SNPs have made a great progress in identifying cancer susceptibility.The development and application of high resolutions in SNPs has played an important role in clarifying the mechanism,prevention,diagnosis and targeted therapy in cancers.

Objective To investigate the early nursing intervention on recovery of upper limb edema after radical mastectomy, and subjective comfort of patients and satisfaction degree with the service quality of nursing staff. Methods 70 patients according to different methods of nursing intervention were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 35 patients in each group. The observation group was given comprehensive care, including psychological care, raising affected limb, strengthen the training arm function, conducting various forms of aerobic motion, pressure gloves and massage, hot packs, physical therapy, the use of elastic bandages, guidance and other aspects of hospital care. The control group only received routine care. The nursing effect, subjective comfort degree, satisfaction degree with the service quality, time of edema alleviation and disappearance and hospitalization time of two groups were compared. Results Compared with the control group, nursing effect of the observation group was better,subjective comfort of patients and the satisfaction degree with the quality of service significantly improved,and the time of edema alleviation and hospitalization time was significantly shorter, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Early implementation of nursing interventions for patients with limb swelling after radical operation of breast cancer can improve patients satisfaction degree, promote the recovery of upper limb edema, reduce hospital stay.

Objective: To study the effects of estrogen, progestogen and mifepristone on endometrial carcinoma cell lines in vitro. Methods: The well-differentiated endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa and moderate-differentiated endometrial cancer cell line Hec-1B were cultured in vitro. The cells were divided into four groups:control, estrogen , estrogen and progestogen , estrogen and progestogen and mifepristone, then we implanted cells in 96-well plates to search the response in distinct hormones. Results: When stimulated by estrogen for 72 hours, the growth of Ishikawa cells was significantly higher than the control, Hec-1B cells only grew higher than the control, but it was no significance in statistics. Progestogen inhibited Ishikawa cells significantly after being stimulating for 72 hours, there was the same effect on Hec-1B cells after being stimulating for 96 hours. On the base of estrogen and progestogen, we added mifepristone,cells developed after 96 hours in Ishikawa cells and cells developed after 48 hours in Hec-1B cells. Conclusion: Estrogen can cause endometrial carcinoma cell growth; progestogen inhibits the hyperplasia induced by estrogen; mifepristone antagonizes the effect of progestogen on cell growth.

Objective:To study the functional differences between the two progestrone receptor isoforms(PR-A and PR-B) in human endometrial cancer,using antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(AS-ODN) to downregulate isoform B of progestrone receptor in endometrial carcinoma cell lines, After transfection of the oligodeoxynucleotide, several kinds of hormones were added in the cells to observe the different response,whereh to study the functional differences between the two isoforms. Methods: The well-differentiated endometrial cancer cell line Ishikawa and moderate-differentiated endometrial cancer cell line Hec-1B were cultrued in vitro. The cells were transfected with antisense, sense, and scramble-ODN. After 48 hours, the expressions of two progesterone receptor isoforms were detected by Western blot using specific antibody. Then the cells were planted in 96-well plates, transfected with antisense, sense, scramble-ODN and added in several hormones to search for the response in distinct hormones and oligodeoxynucleotides. Results: After transfecting antisense-ODN, two cell lines were down-regulated in progesterone receptor isoform B,but progesterone receptor isoform A was not down-regulated,and the progesterone receptor isoform B of cells transfected with sense and scramble-ODN was not changed. When stimulated by 17?-estradiol(E2)for 72 hours,the growth of Ishikawa cells was significantly higher than that of the control, Hec-1B cells only grew higher than control,but it was to significant in statistics.R5020 inhibited Ishikawa cells significantly after stimulating for 72 hours.There was the same effect in Hec-1B cells after stimulating for 96 hours.On the bases of E2 and R5020, we added mifepristone(RU486) .The cells developed after 96 hours in Ishikawa cells and developed after 48 hours in Hec-1B cells. When PR-B was down-regulated,the stimulating effect of E2 was enhanced, but the inhibitory effect of R5020 was de-creased, RU486 antagonized R5020 weaklier than the control. Conclusion: AS-ODN directed against the human PR-B can inhibit the expression of PR-B effectively,through which the PR-A expresses predominantly. E2 can cause endometrial carcinoma cell growth, PR-B is associated with the stimulating effect of E2 in endometrial carcinoma cells. Progestin (R5020) inhibits the hyperplasia induced by E2,PR-B is involved in the inhibitory effect of R5020. RU486 antagonizes the effect of R5020,inhibiting cell growth, PR-B is involved in the antagonizing effect of RU486.

Objective To explore an efficient way to modulate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) ? and ?, and to build up a model of endometrial cancer cell expressing predominantly one isoform of ER and to verify the roles of ER ? and ? in the tumorigenesis of endometrial cancer associated with estrogen and tamoxifen (TAM). Methods A series of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODN) against ? or ? regions of ER ? or ? were synthesized and tested in human endometrial cancer cell lines (Ishikawa) that express functional ER ? and ?. The expressions of two ER isoforms were detected by western blot using specific antibodies. Then we studied the change of Ishikawa proliferation in response to 17?-estradiol and TAM under the influence of antisense ODN. Results (1) Transfection with antisense ODN directed against the ER? and ER? could significantly inhibit target protein production. (2) 17?-estradiol could increase the proliferation of Ishikawa cells, but they lost the ability to proliferate in response to 17?-estradiol after transfected with ER? antisense ODN especially at hours 24, 48 and 72 ( P

Objective To establish a rapid and precise continuous flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) method for the determination of perphenazine. Methods In HNO_3 medium, perphenazine could be oxidated by ceriuim (IV) and CL was proportional to the perphenazine concentration without any sensitizers. Thus, a new flow-injection CL method was developed. Results Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method allowed the determination range within 1.0?10~ -7 -7.0?10~ -5 g/mL with the detection limit of 8.0?10~ -8 g/mL. Eleven parallel assays were conducted on perphenazine of 1.0?10~ -6 g/mL, with the relative standard deviation of 1.8%. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid, precise, and sensitive, and has broad linear range; therefore, it has been applied to the the determination of the perphenazine in tablets with satisfactory results.

AIM:The direct renin inhibitor aliskiren displays antihypertensive and antialbuminuric effects in humans and in animal models . Emerging evidence has shown that aliskiren localizes and persists in medullary collecting ducts even after treatment was discontinued . The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether aliskiren regulates renal aquaporin expression and improves urinary concen -trating defect induced by lithium .METHODS:The mice were either fed with normal chow or LiCl diet (40 mmol/kg dry food per day for first 4 days and 20 mmol/kg dry food per day for last 3 days ) for seven days .Some mice were intraperitoneally injected aliskiren ( 50 mg/kg BW per day in saline ) .RESULTS:Mice injected aliskiren developed decreased urine output and increased urine osmolal -ity when compared with controls .Aliskiren significantly increased protein abundance of AQP 2 and phosphorylated-S256 AQP2 in the kidney inner medulla .Immunohistochemistry and immunofluoresence showed increased apical and intracellular labeling of AQP 2 and pS256-AQP2 in collecting duct principal cells of kidneys in mice treated with aliskiren .Aliskiren treatment prevented urinary concen-trating defect in lithium-treated mice , and improved the downregulation of AQP 2 and pS256-AQP2 protein abundance in inner medulla of the kidney .In primary cultured rat inner medulla collecting duct cells , aliskiren dramatically increased AQP 2 protein abundance which was significantly inhibited either by PKA inhibitor H 89 or by adenylyl cyclase inhibitor MDL 12330, indicating an involvement of the cAMP signalling pathway in mediating aliskiren-induced increased AQP 2 expression .CONCLUSION: The direct renin inhibitor aliskiren upregulates AQP 2 protein expression in inner medullary collecting duct principal cells and prevents lithium -induced nephro-genic diabetes insipidus ( NDI) likely via PKA-cAMP pathways .

Objective To investigate the influence on the ovarian reserved function of Gn-RH injection in the bilateral laparoscopic cys-tectomy. Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with endometriosis undergoing bilateral laparoscopic cystectomy were included in this study. 50 patients treated by routine bilateral laparoscopic cystectomy were set as control group. 50 patients treated by Gn-RH injection addi-tionally during the surgery were set as study group. The operative situation,serum FSH level,FSH/LH,E2 level,ovarian reserved function, pregnancy situation and recurrent rate were compared between two groups. Results The operative duration and electrocautery times in study group was significantly less than those in control group(P<0. 01). The residual ovarian tissue capsule wall thickness in study group was sig-nificantly more than that in control group(P<0. 01). At different time points,the serum FSH level,FSH/LH and E2 level in study group were significantly less than those in control group(P<0. 01,P<0. 05). The incidence of ovarian reserved function damage in study group was significantly less than those in control group(P<0. 05). The pregnancy rate was significantly higher and the time between surgery and pregnancy was significantly shorter in study group than those in control group(P<0. 05,P<0. 01). The recurrent rate in study group was sig-nificantly less than those in control group(P<0. 01). Conclusion There is a influence on ovarian reserved function of bilateral laparoscopic cystectomy. By inject Gn-RH during surgery,the ovarian reserved function could be protected,which increase the pregnancy rate and reduce recurrence.