OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between blood glucose trajectories within 7 days of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality in patients with sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: Based on the MIMIC-IV database, sepsis-associated ARDS patients with daily blood glucose monitoring data within 7 days of ICU admission were selected. Blood glucose trajectories were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM), and the optimal number of groups was determined based on the minimum Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), average posterior probability (AvePP), odds of correct classification (OCC), and proportion of group membership (Prop). Baseline characteristics including demographics, comorbidities, severity scores, vital signs, laboratory indicators within the first 24 hours of ICU admission, and treatments were collected. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare 28-day and 1-year survival across trajectory groups. Multivariate Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the associations between glucose trajectory groups and in-hospital mortality, ICU mortality. The incidence of hypoglycemia within 7 days in the ICU was analyzed among different groups. RESULTS: A total of 3 869 patients with sepsis-associated ARDS were included, with a median age of 63.52 (52.13, 73.54) years; 59.6% (2 304/3 869) were male. Based on glucose levels within 7 days, patients were categorized into three groups: persistent hyperglycemia group (glucose maintained at 10.6-13.1 mmol/L, n = 894), moderate glucose group (7.8-8.9 mmol/L, n = 1 452), and low-normal glucose group (6.1-7.0 mmol/L, n = 1 523). There were statistically significant differences in 28-day mortality and 1-year mortality among low-normal glucose group, moderate glucose group, and persistent hyperglycemia group [28-day mortality: 11.42% (174/1 523), 19.83% (288/1 452), 25.50% (228/894), χ ² = 82.545, P < 0.001; 1-year mortality: 23.31% (355/1 523), 33.75% (490/1 452), 39.49% (353/894), χ ² = 77.376, P < 0.001]. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that higher glucose trajectories were associated with significantly lower 28-day and 1-year cumulative survival rates (Log-rank test: χ ² were 83.221 and 85.022, both P < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in in-hospital mortality and ICU mortality among the low-normal glucose group, moderate glucose group, and persistent hyperglycemia group [in-hospital mortality: 9.65% (147/1 523), 19.70% (286/1 452), 24.50% (219/894), χ ² = 102.020, P < 0.001; ICU mortality: 7.22% (110/1 523), 16.05% (233/1 452), 20.13% (180/894), χ ² = 93.050, P < 0.001]. Logistic regression confirmed that, using the persistent hyperglycemia group as the reference, the low-normal glucose group had significantly lower risks of in-hospital mortality and ICU mortality after multiple factor adjustment. Although the moderate glucose group showed a trend toward lower mortality, the differences were not statistically significant. Using the moderate glucose group as a reference, the low-normal glucose group had 43.1% lower in-hospital mortality [odds ratio (OR) = 0.569, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.445-0.726, P < 0.001] and 42.0% lower ICU mortality (OR = 0.580, 95%CI was 0.439-0.762, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia within 7 days of ICU admission among low-normal glucose group, moderate glucose group, and persistent hyperglycemia group [2.82% (43/1 523), 2.69% (39/1 452), 3.02% (27/894), χ ² = 0.226, P = 0.893]. CONCLUSIONS Blood glucose trajectories during ICU stay are closely associated with prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS. Persistent hyperglycemia (10.6-13.1 mmol/L) is linked to significantly higher short- and long-term mortality.
Humans ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology* ; Sepsis/blood* ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Blood Glucose/metabolism* ; Hospital Mortality ; Aged

ObjectiveA rapid method for identification of chemical constituents in Baoyuantang reference sample was established in order to clarify the material basis of this formula. MethodBased on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） and self-established database information， the chemical components in Baoyuantang were systematically characterized and identified. The chromatography was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column（2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） with mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution（B） for gradient elution（0-3 min， 2%-19%B； 3-8 min， 19%B； 8-8.1 min， 19%-22%B； 8.1-14 min， 22%-29%B； 14-16 min， 29%B； 16-32 min， 29%-45%B； 32-32.1 min， 45%-90%B； 32.1-35 min， 90%-95%B； 35-36 min， 95%-98%B； 36-37 min， 98%-2%B； 37-40 min， 2%B）. Based on electrospray ionization（ESI）， continuum data format was collected in both positive and negative ion modes with a scanning range of m/z 50-1 500. Chemical constituents in the decoction of Baoyuantang were systematically analyzed by UNIFI 1.9.4 software matching， control comparison， The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine（ETCM） database search and literature reports. ResultA total of 229 components were identified under negative ion mode and 181 under positive ion mode， with a total of 322 components after removing duplicates， including 116 triterpene saponins， 66 flavonoids， 19 organic acids， 6 gingerphenols， 6 gingerols， 5 gingerones， 10 amino acids， 7 saccharides， 5 coumarins and 82 other components. Among them， 83， 141， 39， 35 and 38 components were attributed to Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Astragali Radix， Cinnamomi Cortex and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， respectively. ConclusionIn this study， the rapid characterization and identification of multi-class components in Baoyuantang was realized， and it was confirmed that the material basis of this formula was mainly triterpenoid saponins， flavonoids， gingerols and organic acids， and the chemical composition was attributed and analyzed， which provided a reference for the subsequent quality control research.

Objective : To investigate the effect of miR-141-3p on LPS induced A549 cell injury by targeting high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) ． Methods : A549 cells derived from type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells were taken as the study object，miR-141-3p mimics，mimics NC，HMGB1 gene overexpression plasmid (pcDNA3. 1-HMGB1) and empty Vector were transfected into A549 cells respectively or co-transfected，then 10 μg / ml LPS was used for 24 h．Cell proliferation activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 ( CCK-8) ．The activity of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) in the supernatant of cell culture was detected by colorimetry．The apoptosis level of each group was detec- ted by flow cytometry．The levels of interleukin (IL) -1 β , IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) ．Dual luciferase reporter gene assay verified the targeted regulatory relationship between miR-141-3p and HMGB1 . Results : After treatment with LPS ，the proliferative activity of A549 cells and the expression level of miR-141-3p decreased ( P ＜0. 05 ) ，the apoptosis rate increased ( P < 0. 05) ，the levels of IL-1 β , IL-6，TNF-α and the activity of LDH in supernatant increased (P＜0. 05) ．Overex- pression of miR-141-3p increased the proliferation activity of A549 cells treated with LPS (P ＜0. 05 ) ，and de- creased the apoptosis rate and the levels of IL-1 β , IL-6，TNF-α in cells and LDH activity in supernatant (P < 0. 05) ．However，overexpression of HMGB1 gene could reverse the ameliorative effect of miR-141-3p on LPS-in- duced A549 cell injury．Dual luciferase reporter gene experiment confirmed that HMGB1 was the downstream target gene of miR-141-3p． Conclusion miR-141-3p can inhibit LPS-induced apoptosis，reduce the expression level of inflammatory factors，and improve the damage of A549 cells，which may be related to the targeted regulation of HMGB1 expression.

Objective:To improve the teaching quality of Medical Microbiology by optimizing the teaching method,adjusting the teaching content and reforming the assessment model.Methods:The students of grade 2020 and 2021 of the same major were divided into the control group and the reform group.The control group received the traditional teaching method.The reform group received the"online + offline"blended teaching method,which integrates online learning resources and ideological and political education into the theoretical content of the curriculum.And the whole process assessment system was applied to the teaching method.The teaching quality was evaluated by the whole process examination results and questionnaire survey.Results:Compared with the control group,the score in the reform group was significantly improved(P＜0.01).Results of the questionnaire survey showed that students'satisfaction with the mixed teaching method reached 97.5% .The integration of hot issues of microbiology and curriculum ideological and political education significantly improved students'learning interest,and more students wanted to engage in the work of microbiology related fields in the future.Conclusion:The practice results show that optimizing the teaching method,adjusting the teaching content and reforming the assessment mode can stimulate the students'learning interest,improve the students'independent learning ability and improve the teaching quality.

Objective To investigate the effect of compassion focused therapy on cognitive function and sense of shame in stroke patients with hemiplegia.Methods A total of 100 stroke patients with hemiplegia admitted in our hospital were included as the research objects.The patients were randomly divided into a control group admitted from December 2020 to December 2021 and an observation group admitted from January 2022 to January 2023,with 50 patients per group.The patients in the control group received cognitive behavioural therapy,while those in the observation group received compassion focused therapy as well as cognitive behavioural therapy.The sense of shame,cognitive function,self-criticism and social anxiety in the two groups were observed and compared before and at the end of the intervention.Results The score of the sense of shame in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.001).The cognitive function score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at the end of intervention(P<0.05).and the score of the sense of shame scale in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at the end of the intervention(all P<0.05).Conclusion Compassion focused therapy can significantly reduce the self-criticism and sense of shame in the stroke patients with hemiplegia,and promote the recovery of the cognitive function.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Front Mu point in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.Methods Sixty patients with ulcerative colitis treated at the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Kunming from August 2022 to June 2023 were collected.Using a random number table method,30 cases were assigned to each of the control group and the combined group.The treatment method involved administering oral mesalazine to the control group for a continuous period of 8 weeks,while the combined group received both oral mesalazine and acupuncture at front Mu points.The clinical efficacy,colonoscopy results score(Baron score),and colonic mucosal healing score(Geboes)before and after treatment were compared.Follow-up was conducted at 3 months to calculate the recurrence rate in the combination and control groups.Results The total effective rate in the combination group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),with rates of 93.33%and 67.67%,respectively.After treatment,the disease activity index,Baron score,and Geboes score decreased compared to before treatment(P<0.05),and the combination group had a lower disease activity index,Baron score,and Geboes score than the control group after treatment(P<0.05).Comparing the recurrence rates at 3 months post-treatment,the combination group was lower than the control group.Conclusion Acupuncture at Front Mu Point can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitis,reduce the recurrence rate compared to patients in the control group,and is safe and reliable without serious adverse reactions.

Objective:To discuss the effect of inhibiting microRNA(miR)-193a-5p expression on pulmonary fibrosis in the rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),and to clarify the related mechanism.Methods:A total of 60 male SD rats were divided into sham operation group,model group,miR-193a-5p antagonist group(Antagomir group),and negative control group(Antagomir-NC group),and there were 15 rats in each group.The ARDS animal model was induced by administering 10 mg·kg-1 lipopolysaccharide(LPS)via tracheal instillation,while the rats in sham operation group received an equal volume of saline.After successful modeling,the rats in Antagomir group and Antagomir-NC group were treated with miR-193a-5p Antagomir or Antagomir-NC via tail vein injection.The arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2)and oxygenation index(OI)of the rats in various groups were measured;HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the pathology and collagen fiber deposition in lung tissue of the rats;kit was used to detect the level of hydroxyproline(Hyp)in lung tissue of the rats in various groups;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of the rats in various groups;real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the expression levels of miR-193a-5p in lung tissue of the rats in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of β-catenin,Snail family transcriptional repressor 1(Snail1),and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)proteins in lung tissue of the rats in various groups.Results:Compared with sham operation group,the PaO2 and OI of the rats in model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the PaO2 and OI of the rats in Antagomir group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The HE staining results showed that the lung tissue structure of the rats in sham operation group was normal,and there were no obvious inflammatory changes;compared with sham operation group,mild abnormalities in lung tissue structure,alveolar atrophy,and collapse were observed in the rats in model group and Antagomir-NC group,with a large number of lymphocytes and a small number of neutrophils infiltrating in the alveolar cavities,and widened alveolar spaces;compared with model group,the rats in Antagomir group showed a significant reduction in lymphocytes and neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar cavities and there were no obvious hyperplasia.The Masson staining results showed no obvious blue collagen fiber deposition in lung tissue of the rats in sham operation group;compared with sham operation group,significant blue collagen fiber deposition was observed in lung tissue of the rats in model group and Antagomir-NC group,with severe damage of the alveolar structure,indicating obvious pulmonary fibrosis;compared with model group,the deposition of blue-stained collagen fibers in lung tissue of the rats in Antagomir group was significantly reduced.Compared with sham operation group,the level of Hyp in lung tissue of the rats in model group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the level of Hyp of the rats in Antagomir group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The ELISA results showed that compared with sham operation group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in BALF of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 of the rats in Antagomir group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The RT-qPCR results showed that compared with sham operation group,the expression level of miR-193a-5p in lung tissue of the rats in model group was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the expression level of miR-193a-5p of the rats in Antagomir group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The Western blotting results showed that compared with sham operation group,the expression levels of β-catenin,Snail1,and α-SMA proteins in lung tissue of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the expression levels of β-catenin,Snail1,and α-SMA proteins in lung tissue of the rats in Antagomir group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Inhibition of miR-193a-5p expression can improve the lung function and alleviate the pulmonary fibrosis in the ARDS rats by reducing the inflammatory responses and downregulating the expressions of β-catenin,Snail1,and α-SMA proteins.

Objective Exploring the relationship between changes in serum Golgi apparatus transmem-brane glycoprotein 73(GP73)and chitosanase 3-like protein 1(CHI3L1)levels and liver fibrosis and lesion sever-ity in patients with hepatitis B(CHB).Methods Using a case-control study,80 patients diagnosed with CHB infection and developing liver fibrosis in the Infectious Disease Department of Changsha First Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the liver fibrosis group,while 120 patients diagnosed with CHB infection but not developing liver fibrosis in the Infectious Disease Department of our hospital were selected as the control group.The serum GP3,CHI3L1,liver function,and fibrosis indicators of the two groups of patients were compared,and the liver fibrosis group was divided into mild according to Scheuer system standards Perform stratified analysis on patients with significant liver fibrosis.Results The serum GP3 and CHI3L1 levels in the liver fibrosis group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05);The ROC curves were plotted using serum GP3,CHI3L1,and GP3+CHI3L1,respectively.The sensitivity for diagnosing liver fibrosis in CHB patients was 62.81%,60.94%,and 96.33%,with specificity of 80.66%,80.05%,and 75.30%.The AUC values under the curves were 0.792,0.756,and 0.908,respectively;The levels of ALT,AST,HA,LN,PC III NP,C IV,and CG in the liver fibrosis group were higher than those in the control group,and the PLT measurement values were lower than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05);49 patients with moderate to severe liver fibrosis(33 in S2 phase and 16 in S3 phase)and 31 patients with mild liver fibrosis(all in S1 phase)had significantly higher serum GP3 and CHI3L1 levels than mild patients,with statistical significance(P＜0.05);The levels of DBIL,ALT,AST,HA,LN,PC III NP,C IV,and CG in patients with moderate to severe liver fibrosis were higher than those in the mild group,and the PLT measurement values were lower than those in the mild group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum GP3 and CHI3L1 levels in CHB patients with liver fibrosis are significantly elevated,and there is a certain correlation with the degree of liver fibro-sis.The combination of these two indicators is beneficial for diagnosing liver fibrosis in CHB patients.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-141-3p on pulmonary fibrosis in rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Rats were divided into the control group,the model group,the agomir negative control group and the miR-141-3p agomir group according to random number table,with 10 rats in each group.In addition to the control group,the ARDS rat model was established by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)infusion.Rat alveolar typeⅡepithelial cells RLE-6TN cells were divided into the NC group,the LPS group,the miR-NC group,the miR-141-3p mimics group,the miR-141-3p mimics+pcDNA group and the miR-141-3p mimics+NRF2 and Kelch-like ring associated protein 1(Keap1)group.LPS cell model was established in all groups except the NC group.The mRNA expression levels of miR-141-3p and Keap1 in lung tissue and cells were detected by qPCR.Western blot assay was used to analyze lung tissue and cell epithelial cadherin(E-cadherin),neural cadherin(N-cadherin),microtubule associated protein light chain 3B(LC3B),autophagy associated gene Beclin-1,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),type I collagen(Col-Ⅰ),Keap1 and nuclear factors E2 related factor 2(NRF2)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1).HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe pathological changes of lung tissue and to estimate the area of lung tissue injury and pulmonary fibrosis.Hydroxyproline(Hyp)in lung tissue was detected by the kit.Levels of inflammatory factor interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and oxidative stress index malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were detected by ELISA.Dual luciferase reporting experiment was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-141-3p and Keap1.Results The expression of miR-141-3p was down-regulated and the expression of Keap1 was up-regulated in lung tissue and cells(P＜0.05).Overexpression of miR-141-3p can reduce the degree of pathological damage and fibrosis of lung tissue in rats,Hyp content,and up-regulate expression levels of SOD,E-cadherin,LC3B,Beclin-1,NRF2 and HO-1 in lung tissue and cells,and down-regulate the expression levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,MDA,N-cadherin,α-SMA,Col-I and Keap1(P＜0.05).Overexpression of Keap1 was able to reverse the improvement effect of overexpression of miR-141-3p on alveolar epithelial cell damage in ARDS rats(P＜0.05).Double Luciferase reporter gene experiment confirmed that miR-141-3p and Keap1 may have a targeted regulatory relationship.Conclusion Overexpression of miR-141-3p may activate the Keap1-NRF2/ARE signaling pathway,activate autophagy,inhibit inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and EMT progression,and improve pulmonary fibrosis in ARDS rats.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) in treating migraine without aura.Methods:A prospective study was performed. From June 2021 to June 2022, 40 migraine without aura patients treated at Vertigo Center, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were enrolled; they were randomly assigned to true group ( n=20) and pseudo group ( n=20); treatment was given for 4 consecutive weeks and follow-up was given for 4 weeks. Pseudo group did not receive current stimulation, while true group received stimulation by 77.5 Hz, 15 mA alternating current through electrodes placed on the forehead and bilateral mastoid (twice/d, 40 min each time, 5 d as a course, a total of 4 courses). Efficacies and adverse reactions were assessed before treatment, and at the end of treatment and follow-up, respectively. Results:Compared with pseudo group, the average monthly migraine days, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scores and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores decreased statistically in true group ( P<0.05), and Migraine-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ) scores increased statistically in true group ( P<0.05). In true group, compared with those before treatment, the average monthly migraine days, VAS scores, PSQI, HAMA scores and HAMD scores significantly decreased, and MSQ scores increased statistically at the end of treatment and follow-up ( P<0.05). During treatment, no adverse reactions such as seizures, hearing loss, scalp burns, dizziness, or tinnitus were noted in true group and pseudo group. Conclusion:Repeated tACS can obviously reduce frequency and degree of migraine, improve quality of life in migraine without aura patients; and good safety can be recorded.