Objective To investigate the relationship of cardiac function and ventricular structure with the training intensity and the periods lived in Tibet.Methods Sixty recruits to Tibet were selected and examined of their cardiac function,cardiac ventricular structure and the changes of elctrophysiology by color Doppler echocardiography and electro cardiogram.They were examined continuously in two years.After their training for three months together,they were divided into the different training intensity groups,Group A and Group B.The 30 recruits in Group A had high-intensity training,and the others in Group B had normal training.Results After three months,their cardiac function and ventricular structure had obvious difference in comparison with the level on plain( P 0.05 ).But there were obvious differences between in Tibet and on plain in the parameters of cardiac function and ventricular structure two years later( P 0.05 ).Conclusions Hypoxia can effect the cardiac function and ventricular structure directly.After three months in Tibet,cardiac function can fit the condition of hypoxia.The parameters of cardiac function are still less than those on plain.The right ventricules are bigger and the pulmonary arteries wider as the main character of the ventricular structure changes.The indexes of cardiac function showed no significant difference with the training intensity and the periods in Tibet.

0.05). The threshold of warm of digit 2 differed remarkably from digit 5 ( P

To investigate the quality of different parts of Radix Fici Hirtae. The content and components of volatile oils and ethanol-extracts from different parts of Radix Fici Hirtae were analyzed by the combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The content of volatile oils in the cortex was higher than that in the xylem and the chemical components either in the cortex or in the xylem are similar. The main components in volatile oils are hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid+linoleic acid, linoleic acid amide, palmitic acid amide,stearic acid amide and dibutyl phthalate. The main components in ethanol-extracts are psoralen, hexadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, bergapten, oleic acid and linoleic acid. The content of psoralen in the cortex was higher than that in the xylem.[Conclusion]The chemical components in different parts of Radix Fici Hirtae are similar but the contents of volatile components and psoralen are higher in the cortex than those in the xylem.

BACKGROUND: Differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells into cardiomyocytes in vitro has been studied in great detail in the world. However, much of what is currently known about cardiomyocyte differentiation from ES cells has been learned from studies on mouse in China, few studies are on human ES cells.OB JECTIVE: To investigate the differentiation effcacy of human ES cells into functional cardiomycytes with the human H14 ES cell line.DESIGN: Suspending method was used to form pseudo-embryo proper of human ES cells so as to observe ratio of pseudo-embryo proper with rhythmic contraction and expression of specific gene of myocardium in various differentiated phases.SETTING: Molecular Biology Laboratory of Stanley Ho Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, the Chinese University of Hong Kong.MATERIALS: Human ES cell line H14 was obtained from WiCell Research Institute (Wisconsin, USA) with a license agreement.METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the Molecular Biology Laboratory of Stanley Ho Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, the Chinese University of Hong Kong from August to December of 2006.The H14 ES cell colony was used to form embryoid bodies (EBs) by using suspending method. Four days later,pseudo-embryo proper was cultured in gelatin-coating 6-well culture plate (5-10 embryo proper/well) and spontaneously differentiated into moving pseudo-embryo proper. Rhythmic contraction was observed under microscope and RT-PCR was used to detect expression of special genes of myocardium.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ratio of pseudo-embryo proper with rhythmic contraction and expression of specific gene of myocardium in various differentiated phasesRESULTS: Spontaneously contracting cells appeared as cluster and were identified in approximately 2% of EBs at differentiation day 8 and increased to as many as 10% of the EBs by day 16. The beating rate of contracting cells arranged at 70-100 beats per minute. RT-PCR analyses demonstrated that cells isolated from spontaneous beating areas within the EB expressed the cardiac transcription factors GATA-4 and Nkx2.5, cardiac progenitor gene Isl-1 and cardiomyocyte marker gene α-MHC.CONCLUSION: This is the first time to report human ES cells can effectively differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes in China.

AIM:To investigate the changes of apelin in blood and myocardium, and the protective mechanisms of ganoderma spores on myocardial ischemia injury induced by isoproterenol in rats. METHODS: The model of myocardial ischemia injury was induced by subcutaneous injection of high dose isoproterenol. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the apelin contents in blood and myocardium. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure the apelin mRNA level in myocardium. Electron microscope was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of myocardium. Ganoderma spores was administered i.g. for 7 weeks. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, the apelin contents in blood and myocardium and the apelin mRNA level in myocardium were significantly decreased in the model group (P

Objective To explore the correlation between humanistic care ability of nursing students and their family environmental factors. Methods A sample of 198 nursing students was recruited with cluster sampling method. Demographic data, humanistic caring capacity, and family environmental factors were collected using a self-designed questionnaire, Caring Ability- Inventory (CAI) and Family Environment Scale (FES- CV) and then an analysis was conducted. Results Han nationality students accounted for 32.83%(65/198), minority students accounted for 67.17%(133/198) . The total average score of humanistic care ability was 190.79±18.84, the average score of items was 5.16±0.99. There were significant differences between our participants and those regarded as international norms on the three dimensions of humanistic care ability (t=-16.27--8.12, P < 0.01). The total average score of family environment was 42.57±8.88. Significant differences were also presented between our participants and those of domestic norms on the ten factors of the family environment (t=-10.94-30.04, P < 0.01). The significant correlation was not documented between the total scores of humanistic care ability and family environment. However, the correlations were documented between the six domains of family environment (intimacy, emotional expression, knowledge, entertainment, contradiction, sense of organization) and the total score and each dimension of humanistic caring capacity (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions The humanistic care ability of nursing students in minority area is relatively low. The humanistic care ability and family environment are correlated on the multi- dimen-sional facets. School educational strategies should be combined with family environment factors of nursing students to jointly promote the humanistic care ability of nursing students.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of TCM periodic therapy combined with estradiol progesterone tablets (Diane-35) in the treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and its effects on serum sex hormone, glucose and lipid metabolism.Methods Totally 74 patients with PCOS were randomly divided into Western medicine (WM) group and Chinese and Western medicine (CWM) group, 37 cases in each group. WM group was given Diane-35, while CWM group was treated with TCM periodic therapy additionally, for three courses, 28 d of one course. Clinical symptoms, sex hormones and glucose and lipid metabolism of two groups were observed before and after treatment and withdrawal treatment for 3 months.Results Two patients in each group were lost to follow-up. Markedly effective rate and total efficiency rate of CWM group were better than WM group (P<0.05). After treatment, symptom integrals of CWM group decreased significantly (P<0.01). Serum E2 increased (P<0.01), while LH, T and LH/FSH decreased in two groups (P<0.01). After treatment and withdrawal treatment for 3 months, improvement of clinical symptoms and sex hormone levels in CWM group was superior to CM group (P<0.01), FPG, FINS, TG, TC and BMI of CWM group decreased in CWM group (P<0.05), and lower than that of CM group (P<0.05,P<0.01). Adverse reaction rates of WM group and CWM group were 17.1% and 5.71% (P<0.05).Conclusion Efficacy of TCM periodic therapy combined with Diane-35 in treatment of PCOS is significant, which can obviously improve patients’ clinical symptoms, and regulate hormone and lipid metabolism disorders, with fewer adverse reactions.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Ambu AuraOnce laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in Chinese patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods Fifty-six female patients, aged 20-64 yr, weighing 45-75 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiology physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ (Mallampati Ⅰ-Ⅲ), scheduled for elective breast surgery under general anesthesia, were equally and randomly divided into either Ambu AuraOnce LMA group (group A) or LMA Supreme group (group S) using a random number table.After induction of anesthesia, Ambu AuraOnce LMA was inserted in group A, and LMA Supreme was placed in group S.After successful placement of LMA, correct position was confirmed by fiberoptic laryngoscopy.Intermittent positive pressure ventilation was performed during surgery to maintain pulse oxygen saturation ＞ 95％ and partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 at 30-45 mmHg.The success rate, insertion time, extubation time, airway sealing pressure, peak airway pressure and occurrence of air leakage of LMA were recorded.After removal of the LMA, the blood stains on the LMA were checked, and the occurrence of hypoxemia, regurgitation, nausea, vomiting and bucking was recorded.The occurrence of sore throat, hoarseness and dysphagia was also recorded within 24 h after surgery.Results There were no significant differences in terms of insertion time, overall success rate, success rate at first attempt, removal of LMA time, airway sealing pressure, and incidence of air leakage of LMA, hypoxemia, blood stains on the LMA, sore throat, hoarseness and dysphagia between the two groups.The rate for correct position of LMA confirmed by fiberoptic laryngoscopy was significantly higher in group A than in group S.Conclusion Ambu AuraOnce LMA can safely and effectively be applied for airway management in Chinese patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Purpose To explore the relation between the expression of Bmi-1 and cancer stem cells and its relation to chemotherapy re-sistance in breast cancer. Methods MTT method was applied to detect the inhibition effect on proliferation of different concentrations (0. 01, 0. 1, 1, 10 μg/ml) of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) to MDA-MB-468 cells with 48 and 72 hours culture, a curve of proliferation in-hibition rate was drawn, and a suitable experiment concentration of 5-FU was chosen. MDA-MB-468 cells was serially passaged under continuous interference with the suitable concentration of 5-FU, 6 generations of cells were collected, cells with 5-FU interference were designed as experiment group and a corresponding control group with no 5-FU was set. RT-PCR and Western blot were employed to ex-amine mRNA and protein expression of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of cells of both control group and experiment group. Results Results of the MTT test showed that 5-FU could inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468, the 5-FU concentration of 0. 1 μg/ml was chosen as the suitable experiment concentration. RT-PCR tests showed that the differ-ences between the relative mRNA expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were not sta-tistically significant in control group (all P>0. 05) and that the differences between the relative mRNA expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were of statistical significance in experiment group cells (all P<0. 05). The mRNA expression of Bmi-1, Sca-1 and Oct-4 showed the following tendency in the 6 generations of passaged cells:decrease (1st gen-eration)—increase (2nd generation)—continuous increase (3rd generation)—decrease (4th generation)—increase (5th genera-tion)—decrease (6th generation). Western blot tests indicated that the differences between the relative protein expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were not statistically significant in control group and that the differ-ences between the relative protein expression values of Bmi-1 and Sca-1, Oct-4 in the 6 generations of MDA-MB-468 cells were of sta-tistical significance in experiment group cells (all P<0. 05). The expression of Bmi-1 was positively correlated with stem cell associat-ed factors Sca-1, Oct-4 (r=1, all P<0. 01). Conclusions The expression of Bmi-1 gene is positively correlated with expression of stem cell associated factors Sca-1 and Oct-4 in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 cell, and Bmi-1 may be a novel marker for cancer stem cells in breast cancer. Administration of 5-FU can affect the expression level of Bmi-1 and the ration of cancer stem cells in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468. Bmi-1 gene may be associated with drug resistance to chemotherapy and recurrence in breast cancer.

Objective To observe clinical efficacy of Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Western medicine for early onset severe pre-eclampsia. Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into treatment group with 30 cases and control group with 30 cases. Two groups were both given the routine Western therapy, while the treatment group was added with Tianma Gouteng Decoction. Indicators were observed and compared between two groups including blood pressure, 24 h UAE, D-dimer, fibrinogen and their effects on pregnancy. Results Compared with the control group, the blood pressure, 24 h UAE, fibrinogen, D-dimer, hypoproteinemia, and liver and kidney function were reduced obviously in the treatment group (P<0.05);fibrinogen and D-dimer of control group were not changed significantly;gestational weeks of treatment group were extended (15.2 ± 4.8)d, and neonatal asphyxia was 7 cases;gestational weeks of control group were extended (9.3 ± 2.2)d, and neonatal asphyxia was 11 cases. There was no significant difference about cesarean section rate between the two groups. Conclusion Tianma Gouteng Decoction combined with Western medicine for treatment of early onset severe pre-eclampsia have better clinical efficacy.