BACKGROUND: To tonify qi, benefit spleen and primary qi, strengthen tendons and bones and promote circulations in meridians and collaterals are the classical principles in Chinese medicine for anti-kinetic fatigue.OBJECTIVE: To observe the efficacy of compound Chinese herbal medicine on anti-kinetic fatigue.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment based on animals.SETTINGS: Animal Experimental Center of Wenzhou Normal University and Zhejiang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Animal Experimental Center of Zhejiang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from February to June 2001, in which, 80 ICR mice of either sex, body weighted(22±2) g and 40 SD male rats, body weighted(194±7) g were employed.ETHODS: ① Eighty mice were randomized into two groups, of which, 40 mice was gastric-infused with Chinese herbal fiang li fang(experimental group) and 40 mice was with physiological saline (the control) . After bred for 15 days, they were randomized into 3 groups for anti-fatigue experiment ( n = 15, swimming time), anti-hypoxia ability( n = 15) and determination of hemoglobin(n=10). ② Determination of testosterone: Forty rats were randomized into 4 groups, named the control with physiological saline infusion, herbal infusion group, exercise group, exercise-herbal infusion group. In herbal infusion group, the rats were infused once a day. In exercise group and exercise-herbal infusion group, the rats exercised once a day, swimming till being exhausted at the tolerance of 3% body weight at 28 ℃ of water temperature. After bred for 20 days, heart blood 2 mL was collected with chest opened and the serum was centrifuged and placed in refrigerator at 4 ℃. Minigamma 1275γ counter and VCS method were applied for determina tion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Determination of swimming time of mice in every group. ③ Time of anti-hypoxia. ③ Levels of hemoglobin and testosterone in rats.RESULTS: Forty rats and 80 mice were all entered the result analysis. ①Observation of swimming time in mice: The time was remarkably prolonged in experimental group compared with the control[ (125.2±13.7), (108.9 ±12.6) minutes, P＜0.01] . ② Anti-hypoxia ability: It was much improved in experimental group compared with the control[(25.0±l.5),(23.1 ±1.8) minutes, P ＜0.05] . ③ Level of hemoglobin: The level of hemoglobin in experimental group was higher than that in the control, but the difference was not significant[(162.1 ±5.2), (159.3 ±5.3) g/L] . ④Level of testosterone: That in exercise group of rats was remarkably lower than exercise-herbal infusion group[(4.69 ±0.92), (6.03 ±0.77) nmol/L,P ＜ 0.05 ] . The difference in testosterone level was not significant between the control with infusion of physiological saline and herbal infusion group [(6.59 ±0.91), (6.98 ±0. 88) nmol/L, P ＞ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Under fatigue state, fian lifang can prolong the time of swimming in mice, improve work time and efficacy, increase hemoglobin content and benefit anti-hypoxia ability, which indicates rather strong anti-fatigue action. The combination of Chinese herbal jian lifang and exercise training can much' significantly increase serum testosterone level in rats compared with exercise group, which explains that fian li fang can increase testosterone level in rats, prevent testosterone decrease induced by exhausted exercise and accelerate the recovery of physical function.

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of chil-dren in Zhongshancity from 2011 to 2015 and provide etiological evident for the prevention and control of Hand -Foot -Mouth Disease of children in Zhongshan city. Methods We analyzed the data of children with Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Zhongshan Boai 's Hospital from 2011 to 2015. The enterovirus nucleic acid of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseaseof children were detected. Results Atotal of 31164 cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease were diagnosed in Zhongshan Boai′s Hospital during 2011-2015,the ratio of male to female was 1.62:1. Every year,the peak inci-dence of the disease is not the same. During 2011-2015,there were 10147 cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseaseof children,among which,through viral nucleic acid EV71and CoxA16testing,2062 cases were positive and the positve rate was 20.32%. Pathogen of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseasewas mainly based on EV71 in 2011,2012, 2013and2015,accounting for the total positive rate of 79.04%,72.46%,81.60%,73.73%respectively;Pathogen of Hand -Foot -Mouth Diseasewas mainly based on Cox16 in 2014,accounted for 54.47% of the total positive. In different years EV71 and CoxA16 positive rate was significant different.There were 1982 cases repeated Hand-Foot-MouthDiseaseinfectioins .Conclusion The incidence of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of children is related to age , sex and season in Zhongshan city. It is mainly based on clinical diagnosis ,the preventive measures and the clinical recognition in time to provide help for the treatment and control of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of children.

Objective To evaluate the significance of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) culture in diagnosis and treatment of childhood bacterial meningitis(BM).Methods Clinical data were collected and the etiology,laboratory results,treatment and disease prognosis were analyzed in children with positive CSF culture during Jan 2011 to Dec 2012 in our hospital.Results A total of 43 organisms were detected from CSF,13 cases of which were clearly diagnosed as BM.The coagulase negative staphylococcus was isolated most frequently (51.2％,22/43),meanwhile,CSF routine examination and biochemical test were abnormal in only 1 case.All results of blood cultures were negative.All cases were cured without changing antibiotics according to the drug sensitive test.Four strains of Streptococcus agalactiae,2 strains of Streptococcus pneumohiae and 4 strains of gram-negative bacilli were separated.Routine examinations of all CSF were abnormal in most cases,the CSF biochemical tests were abnormal and blood cultures were positive.Conclusion Coagulase negative staphylococcus separated in most CSF is contaminated bacteria.Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative bacilli separated in CSF have important diagnostic value in BM.Diagnosis of BM should be combined with CSF culture,routine examination,biochemical test,blood culture results and clinical manifestations,then we can avoid unnecessary usage of antibiotics.

Objective To observe level of thyroid and corticosteroid hormone of peacekeepers in South Sudan the harsh environment under stress and explore the changes of hormone and its related causes the body to suffer stress.Methods 25 peacekeepers were drawn blood before going abroad,after going abroad 1 months,4 months and 7 months,respectively.Methods of immune by magnetic separation were adopted and determined the changes of thyroid hormone and cortisol levels.They were compared with before going abroad.Results After going abroad 1 months T3 (1.780 ±0.345)ng/mL,T4 (88.609 ±14.486)ng/mL,FT3 (3.758 ±4.287)pg/mL,FT4 (15.152 ±6.422)pg/mL than before going abroad (1.458 ±0.206)ng/mL,(2.060 ±0.642)ng/mL,(11.672 ±3.627)pg/mL,(96.958 ± 12.286)pg/mL were significantly increased (t =3.670,2.410,2.019,2.798,all P <0.0 ).TSH (1.320 ± 0.518)μIU /mL after going abroad 4 months was lower than before going abroad(1.872 ±0.821)μIU /mL decreased significantly(t =3.175,P <0.05).Conclusion In the role of the environment change of stress factors,changes of thyroid hormone and cortisol levels of body were obvious.We suggest to make countermeasure as soon as possible and appropriate intervention.At the same time the peacekeepers are detected comprehensive hormone detection and psy-chological counseling before going abroad,it is significant for the successful completion of peace -keeping task.

Objective To compare differences of gut microbiome between patients with severe acne vulgaris and healthy individuals by using high-throughput sequencing technology.Methods Stool samples were collected from 10 outpatients with severe acne vulgaris and 10 age-and sex-matched healthy controls.Then,the bacterial DNA was extracted and subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing for the identification of microbial species,and the differences of gut microbiome were compared between the patients and controls.Results There were no significant differences in the diversity of intestinal microflora,but only the relative abundance of a few bacteria differed significantly between the two groups.Gut microbiome in the two groups mainly consisted of Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria.There were no significant differences in the relative abundance of bacteria at the phylum and genus levels between the two groups.However,the relative abundance of Blautia producta and Coprococcus eutactus at the species level differed remarkably between the two groups.Conclusion No significant differences in the bacterial diversity indices are found,but some bacterial species significantly differ between the patients with severe acne vulgaris and healthy controls.

To investigate whether accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon could be induced after repeated injection of mitoxantrone thermosensitive liposomes, LC-MS/MS and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure the concentration of mitoxantrone and the anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) IgM levels in rat plasma, separately. The drug was rapidly cleared away after the second administration. The anti-PEG IgM was detected after the first dose which was neutralized quickly after the second dose. It is proved that repeated administration of mitoxantrone thermosensitive liposomes in rat caused the ABC phenomenon.

To explore the anti-tumor proliferation activity of human interleukin-29 (hIL-29) variant and based on bioinformatics analyzed data of hIL-29, a mutant gene hIL-29(mut33,35) was amplified by site-directed mutagenesis and megaprimer PCR. The hIL-29(mut33,35) was inserted into an eukaryotic expression plasmid pPIC9K and successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. A recombinant variant protein (rhIL-29(mut33,35)) was purified from the ferment supernatant of the engineering GS115. To observe the antineoplastic activity of the variant rhIL-29(mut33,35), a CCK-8 reagent was used to detect the anti-proliferation effect. Results show that it has strong anti-proliferation effect when acted on liver cancer cell BEL7402, colon cancer cell HCT8 and gastric cancer cell SGC7901. The inhibition ratios of the three tumor cells were (30.99 ± 1.58)%, (22.47 ± 1.37)% and (32.05 ± 2.02)%, respectively. In high dose group, the anti-proliferation effect of the rhIL-29(mut33,35) was stronger than that of wild type rhIL-29 (P < 0.01). This indicates the variant rhIL-29(mut33,35) has potential development value for medicine.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Humans ; Interleukins ; biosynthesis ; pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Pichia ; Plasmids ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; pharmacology

This study is to compare the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of liposomal mitoxantrone (Mit-lipo) and free mitoxantrone (Mit-free). The antineoplastic effect of Mit-lipo was evaluated on PC-3 human xenograft tumor model after repeated intravenous injection at dose levels of 1, 2 and 4 mg x kg(-1). The pharmacokinetic study of Mit-lipo and Mit-free was performed on dogs following a single intravenous injection. The tissue distribution of Mit-lipo and Mit-free was observed on S-180 bearing mice after a single intravenous injection. (1) Pharmacodynamics: Mit-lipo dose-dependently inhibited PC-3 tumor growth at a dose ranging from 1 to 4 mg x kg(-1). The antitumor effect studies showed that Mit-lipo significantly improved the therapeutic effect in comparison with free drug. (2) Pharmacokinetics: in comparison with Mit-free, the AUC and t(1/2) values of Mit-lipo at the same dose level were higher than those of Mit-free in Beagle dogs. The results showed that Mit-lipo had long circulation characteristics. (3) Tissue distribution in S-180 bearing mice: compared to Mit-free, Mit-lipo preferentially accumulated into tumor zones instead of normal tissues. Tumor AUC in Mit-lipo treated animals was 8.7 fold higher than that in mice treated with the same dose of Mit-free. The Cmax values of Mit-lipo in heart, kidney, lung, spleen and intestinal tissue in Mit-lipo were 30.2%, 161.6%, 20.2%, 27.9% and 78.3% lower than those of Mit-free, respectively. The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Mit-lipo changed obviously, thus increasing therapeutic effect and improving drug therapeutic index.

Objective To observe the changes of serum complements and proinflammatory cytokines in rats with sepsis, and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods 120 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (n = 15), sham operation group (n = 15) and sepsis group [cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) operation,n = 90]. The sepsis rats were sacrificed on 24, 48 and 72 hours after modeling. The level of serum complements (C5, C5a) and cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1, IL-6), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Compared with normal control group and sham operation group, the levels of serum complements C5, C5a and IL-1β were significantly increased at 24 hours after CLP in sepsis group [C5 (ng/L): 1.60±0.19 vs. 1.04±0.20, 1.09±0.09; C5a (ng/L): 0.20±0.02 vs. 0.18±0.01, 0.18±0.02; IL-1β (ng/L): 700.20±111.41 vs. 475.87±108.96, 592.29±121.57; allP < 0.05]; then the levels of C5, C5a and IL-1β declined, the level of serum C5 were also higher than normal control group at 48 hours and 72 hours after CLP (ng/L: 1.17±0.24, 1.27±0.24 vs. 1.04±0.20, bothP < 0.05). In sepsis group the level of serum TNF-α (ng/L: 51.33±1.96, 51.06±1.64) was lower than that in normal control group (59.53±3.06) and sham operation group (57.91±2.72) at 48 hours and 72 hours (allP < 0.05). There was a time dependent rise of serum HMGB1 in sepsis group, which level was much higher than that in normal control group and sham operation group at 72 hours after CLP (ng/L: 472.21±20.94 vs. 406.00±43.16, 404.41±35.39, bothP < 0.05). There were no significant differences of MIF, and IL-6 level between groups at each time points.Conclusions Complement system led to uncontrolled inflammatory response and immune dysfunction through the release of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators, which maybe one of the important mechanism of the pathology of sepsis.

Objective To summarize experiences of microsurgical treatment of dumbbell tumors of the high cervical spine. Methods A series of 12 patients with dumbbell tumors of the high cervical spine were treated by using microsurgical techniques through posterior approach or antero-lateral approach. Results Complete resection was achieved in 10 patients. Postoperative neurological symptoms improved greatly in all. Conclusion The key points of treatment in dumbbell tumors of the high cervical spine are to analyze the preoperative image carefully and have knowledge about anatomy of high cervical spine as well as the experience of microsurgical technique.