BACKGROUND:As the complexity of human anatomic structure,the abnormity of tissue shape and the difference among individuals,the structure of multifractal is adapted.OBJECTIVE:To investigate medical image segmentation based on multifractal.METHODS:Image segmentation was performed by algorithm based on capacity measurement and probability measure.The experimental images were segmented using traditional region growing,max capacity measurement,sum capacity measurement,and probability measure.Following adding noise,the images were identically segmented and compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the two algorithms based on multifractal,the key of the algorithm based on capacity measurement is that appropriate measure μα is defined,and the key of the algorithm based on probability measure is that appropriate normalized probability Pi is defined.The different measures (probability) and thresholds bring greater effect.The method based on probability measure is sensitive to noises,but after filtration noise,segmentation effect is greater for the images whose pixels vary comparatively great and very complicated.The results show that it is feasible that appropriate measure (probability) and threshold is chosen based on medical image segmentation.Especially greater advantage exists for the distinction of texture and edge in the complicated image processing,which can reserve details while precisely dividing.It has very significant practical significance.At the same time,multifractal can also be characteristics of images,which provide powerful data for feature extraction.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of Six Dimensions Scale (6-D scale) of Nursing Performance used for evaluating the effect of standardized hospital-department training on new graduate nurses.Methods 6-D Scale of Nursing Performance was conducted to evaluate the nursing ability of 216 new graduate nurses (2013) of our hospital pre and post the three-month intervention,including the self-appraisal and appraisals by head nurses.Results The nursing ability was improved significantly after the training.The total score of self-appraisal 6-D scale were significantly higher than that before the training (142.34±19.92 vs 135.81±18.30),in which the subscales scores within the dimensions of leader-ship,critical care,teaching/collaboration,planning/evaluation,interpersonal relations/communication were increased significantly,while the increase of professional development was not significant.Six-D Scale and six subscales scores based on self-appraisal were higher than that based on the head nurses' appraisals.Conclusions The application of 6-D scale is scientific to evaluate the effect of standardized nurse training.We had demonstrated that standardized hospital-department training is of great benefit for new graduates to improve the nursing ability and adapt to the clinical circumstances.

Ferula sinkiangensis K.M. Shen is a kind of endangered national plant medicine in the northern of Xinjiang,China. It mainly contains sesquiterpene coumarins,sulfides,polysaccharides,aromatic compounds and other effective chemical constitu-tions;Chromatography is used to build the fingerprint and to control the medicine quality in most cases. Both raw plant medicine and specific compounds possess pharmacologic activities such as antibacterial,insecticidal,anti-allergic,and antitumor properties. The present paper summarizes the resource distribution,chemical constituents,fingerprints and pharmacological activities of F. sinkian-gensis,to provide reference for its systematic research,effective quality control and efficient development and utilization.

Objective To study the seasonal changes of glucose levels per unit soft tissue of Oncomelania hupensis. Meth-ods O. hupensis snails were collected from the beach of the Qingyi River in Wuhu City,Anhui Province from August 2012 to July 2013. They were kept in minus 80℃refrigerator immediately. The male snails were distinguished from female,and their soft tissues were collected separately after crushing their shells. The hexokinase method was used to measure the glucose concen-trations,and the results were analyzed statistically. Results The contents of glucose decreased from March to July. The lowest glucose content in the female was 1.87μg/mg in March,and that in male was 3.70μg/mg in July. Both of them increased from August and reached peak levels in September(♀=57.38μg/mg,♂=44.39μg/mg),and then gradually decreased from Octo-ber to next January and increased in February. Conclusion The contents of glucose have seasonal changes regularly in O. hu-pensis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between CT signs of portal hypertension and histopathologic stage of chronic hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Methods Tri-stage enhance volume CT scan of upper abdomen was performed in 84 participants, including 48 patients with hepatic fibrosis confirmed by liver pathologic biopsy which divided into S1 (12/48), S2 (14/48), S3 (9/48) and S4 (13/48),16 patients with typical cirrhosis, and 20 healthy subjects as a control group. Measured the caliber of left and right branch of portal vein, MPV, SV and SMV at MIP images respectively, observed the collateral circulation, ascites and the size of spleen and then studied comparatively these measured parameters of different histopathologic stage. One-Way ANOVA was performed in the comparison of the vascular diameter of portal system and the size of spleen(SNK was used in the comparison between the groups). x2 test ofR × Ctable was performed in the comparison of ascites and collateral circulation among groups, and the vessel of portal system which has the greatest impact on the pathological staging of hepatic fibrosis was investigated with Logistic regression analysis. Results The caliber of left branch of portal vein, right branch of portal vein. MPV. SV and SMV were (0.98±0.11). (1.00±0.12), (1.33±0.11). (0.75±0.10).(1.07±0. 12) em respctively, the size of spleen was (128. 55±30. 56) cm<'3>, and collateral circulation and ascites were not found in control group. SV enlarged gradually in test groups and showed S1 (0. 86±0. 12) cm, S2(0. 96±0. 11) cm, S3(1.07±0.08) cm, S4(1.09±0. 10) cm, typical cirrhosis (1.18±0. 19) cm respotively. The difference between each group of S1 to typical cirrhosis and control group was significant, and the same result was seen among S3 to S4, cirrhosis and S1 to S2. Logostic regression analysis showed that the standardized regression coefficient of SV was maximum (2. 719) and had statistical significance(P <0. 01). The incidence of collateral circulati on and ascites in patients with typical cirrhosiswas significant higher than that of normal liver and every stage of hepatic fibrosis (P < 0. 05). Conclusion CT scan may be helpful for the early detection of advanced hepatic fibrosis or early stage of liver cirrhosis for patients with chronic liver disease.

Objective: To identify the different protein expression profiles between human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal oral mucosa tissues, and provide experimental data for further study of the development mechanism of OSCC. Methods: 10 cases of OSCC and paired normal oral mucosa tissues were collected and analyzed through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Results: (1) The average protein spots of OSCC were 2 325±390, while that of normal oral mucosa tissues were 2 487±281. (2) 29 differential protein spots were found between OSCC and normal oral mucosa. Moreover, these protein spots were all down- regulated in OSCC compared with normal oral mucosa. Among these spots, 3 were identified as fibrin beta, triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) and unknown protein through mass spectrometry and bioinformation. Conclusion: Down-regulation of fibrin beta, Triosephosphate isomerase(TIM) and unknown protein are found in the development of OSCC and the mechanism needs further study.

Objective To investigate the effects of siRNAs targeted protein kinase C ?(PKC?) on the proliferation and apoptosis of A549 cell line.Methods Six PKC? siRNAs were designed and chemical synthesized. Candidate PKC? siRNA was transfected into A549 cells,PKC? mRNA level was determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Then,the effects of more effective PKC? siRNAs on A549 were further investigated by using clone formation assay,Hoechst 33258 staining,propidium iodide (PI) staining,Annexin V-FITC and PI dual staining and western blot. Results Six candidate PKC? siRNAs were designed and named as No.1,No.2,No.3,No.4,No.5 and No.6 PKC? siRNA. Compared with controls,PKC? mRNA levels were all significantly downregulated and the cell proliferation was inhibited in A549 cells treated with candidate PKC? siRNAs except No.5 (P

Objective To determine the viability of Schistosoma japonicum cercariae by staining. Methods Schistosoma japonicum cercariae were stained by 0.4%trypan blue 0.5%methylene blue?eosin?borax M.E.B 0.5%eosin 0.5%methy?lene blue and 0.05% neutral red respectively for 5 min then they were observed under a stereoscopic microscope. Results The dead cercariae were stained in the trypan blue M.E.B eosin and neutral red but unstained in the methylene blue. The vi?tal cercariae were unstained in all the five kinds of dyes. Conclusion The staining methods by using 0.4% trypan blue 0.5%M.E.B 0.5%eosin and 0.05%neutral red can be used to determine the viability of S. japonicum cercariae.

Object To study comparatively the fingerprint of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. in different producing area and investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time on the fingerprint Methods Pyrolysis gas chromatography (PGC) and fuzzy cluster analysis were used Results Both similarity and charecteristics were found in the fingerprint of P. cablin in different producing area. The methodological evalulation showed that this method had a good reproducibility, RSD≤2.75% Conclusion This method is simple, rapid and accurate. It is suitable for the quality control of the Chinese materia medica with the important role of pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of vasostatin on the migration of pancreatic cancer endothelial cells.Methods Ad-vasostatin with different concentrations of vasostatin was used to transfect pancreatic cancer endothelial cells.Ad-LacZ transfection and PBS was used as control.The effect of vasostatin gene mediated by adenovirus on the migration of pancreatic cancer endothelial cells was measured by woundhealing assay,transwell migration assay,and tube formation assay.ResultsThe scratched lines in PBS group and Ad-LacZ group were almost healed 48 hours later,while the lines in Ad-vasostatin group were rarely healed.At the MOI of 1,2,5,the migration rate of Ad-Laz group was ( 84.7 ± 2.6) ％,(80.7 ± 1.7 ) ％ and (81.3±4.0)％,while the corresponding values were (77.7 ±2.1)％,(67.3 ±2.1)％ and (38.8 ±2.1 ) ％ in Ad-vasostatin group.Transwell migration assay indicated that the number of migrated cells in Advasostatin group was inhibited in a dose-dependant manner,at the MOI of 5,the migration became significantly decreased (F=180.88,P ＜0.05).At the MOI of 1,5,10,the number of tubes in Ad-LacZ group was 118±6,120±6 and 82±5,while the corresponding values were 65±4,21±4 and 4 ±1 in Ad-vasostatin group.The number of tubes of pancreatic cancer endothelial cells was inhibited by Ad-vasostatin in a dose-dependant manner,at the MOI of 10, it was difficult to form the tubes (F-300.85,P＜0.05). Conclusions The vasostatin gene mediated by adenovirus has a significant inhibitory effect on the migation of pancreatic cancer endothelial cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner.