[Objective]To evaluate the clinical and radiological findings in 56 patients with multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis in pre-and post-surgical treatment. [Method]From 1998 and 2002,56 patients suffering from multilevel lumbar spinal stenosis were included in a retrospective clinical study.Plain radiographs,MRI and/or CT myelograms were obtained preoperatively.The patients were assessed clinically with Oswestry disability index(ODI),visual analog scale(VAS) and the Beaujon functional score.Surgical procedure included wide posterior decompression and fusion using a transpedicular instrumentation system and bone grafts. [Result]After a mean follow-up of 2.2(2~2.6) years,the patients' clinical improvement by ODI,VAS was statistically significant and the Beaujon score was significantly improved(P

OBJECTIVE Toillustratethepharmacokineticsandpharmacodynamicsofdifferentdos-agesofsustained-releaseimplantofgoserelininrats.METHODS Theratsreceivedasingledoseof sustaineed-release i mplant of goserelin 0.3,0.6 and 1 .2 mg per rat by subcutaneous injection,respec-tively.Concentrations of goserelin and testosterone in plas ma were determined by HPLC-MS/MS.The pharmacokineticparameterswerecalculatedbyWinNonlin6.3.RESULTS Themainpharmacokinetic parameters of the 0.3,0.6 and 1 .2 mg per rat were as fowllows:the area under the concentration-time curve(AUC0-t)was 770 ±96,1534 ±299 and (3233 ±777)μg·L-1·h,and the maximum plasma con-centration(cmax)was 3.7 ±0.3,6.8 ±2.2 and (1 7.6 ±5.4)μg·L-1 ,respectively.Regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between AUC0-t and cmax at different doses and those relative coefficients were 0.942 and 0.923 respectively.AUC0-t and cmax increased with the dose in the range of 0.3-1 .2 mg per rat.As for other main pharmacokinetic parameters (peak time,half life,mean resi-dence time,clearance and apparent volume of distribution),there was no significant difference between the three groups.Testosterone plasma concentration reached the highest level following administration and then kept decreasing to low concentrations.Between 28 d and 35 d,testosterone plas ma concentra-tionslowlyincreasedtothenormallevel.CONCLUSION Pharmacokineticcharacteristicsofsustained-release implant of goserelin in rats show a linear relationship,within the dose range of 0.3-1 .2 mg per rat.The results from pharmacodynamic data show that testosterone does not change in a dose-depend-ent manner at a dose ranging from 0.3 to 1 .2 mg per rat.Testosterone plasma concentration decreases to theoretical castrate level (0.5 μg·L-1 )after 4 d following a dose of 0.6-1 .2 mg per rat.

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of different doses of Xiao Chai Hu Tang on C6 glioma cells cultured in vitro. Methods:C6 glioma cells were inoculated in 96 holes,24 holes and 6 holes,each culture plate was divided into 4 groups:control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, when the cells covered the bottom of culture plate 80%-90%,began adding,cultured for 24 hours after the ter mination of training. Cell proliferation activity,cell viability,protein content and protein positive expression intensity of VEGF and ESM-1,cell apoptosis in early and late stage were detected by CCK-8,in vivo staining,ELISA, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Results: CCK-8 assay showed that the growth of C6 glioma cells was inhibited by low,medium and high dose group;ELISA and immunocytochemistry showed that the expression of VEGF and ESM-1 was lower in the lower, middle and high dose groups, and the levels of protein expression and protein levels were decreased. The flow cytometry showed that the low dose of small radix,middle and high dose group could promote the cell apoptosis. Inverted microscope ob-servation showed that with the increase of dose,the number of cells increased gradually,and the number of dead cells increased,and all kinds of detection methods showed that the inhibition effect increased with dose and dose dependence. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0. 01). Conclusion:The growth of C6 glioma cells was significantly inhibited by Xiao Chai Hu Tang. It may play a role in inhibiting tumor growth by down regulating ESM-1 and VEGF protein level and promoting cell apoptosis.

Coronavirus-NL63 is a common respiratory virus, which often causes severe respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough, expectoration, pneumonia and so on. The damage of central nervous system is rare. A case of acute necrotizing encephalitis caused by respiratory coronavirus-NL63 infection with cognitive impairment as the first symptom is reported, finding of CT/magnetic resonance imaging scanning indicating necrosis combined with a striated encephalomalacia of the corpus callosum and bilateral cerebral hemispheres.

Surgical operation is the main treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors.Dysphagia is a common postoperative complication.Swal-lowing disorder can not only lead to mis-aspiration,malnutrition,aspiration pneumonia and other serious consequences,but also may cause psychological problems and social communication barriers,affecting the quality of life of the patients.At present,there is no systematic evalua-tion and rehabilitation management plan for the problem of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in China.Combining the characteristics of postoperative swallowing disorder in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors,summarizing the clinical experience of ex-perts in the field of tumor and rehabilitation,reviewing and summarizing relevant literature at home and abroad,and through joint discussion and modification,a group of national experts reached this consensus including the core contents of the screening of swallowing disorders,the phased assessment of prognosis and complications,and the implementation plan of comprehensive management such as nutrition management,respiratory management,swallowing function recovery,psychology and nursing during rehabilitation treatment,in order to improve the evalua-tion and rehabilitation of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in clinic.