The human workload is of great importance to ergonomic evaluation of man-machine system.The local muscle fatigue is considered to be one of the main indexes.In this paper,the cause of local muscle fatigue,its assessment methods and development trends were described in detail.Some related technological problems about its mechanism,measurement and assessment methods were analyzed and induced.Finally,some views were put forward for discussion.

Objective:To observe the complications caused by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) after RFA via the lumen of bile duct in hilum hepatis and the pathological progress of the tissue in ablation zones. Methods: Fourteen healthy dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups with 7 dogs each group. RFA by inserting a 13 mm non-insulated mono-electrode into the lumen of bile duct was performed under general anesthesia on 10 W power output, 4 min ablation duration in group Ⅰand on 5 W power output, 8 min ablation duration in group Ⅱ. After RFA, 2 dogs were sacrificed in 3 days and 1 dog in 9 days and 4 dogs in 14 days respectively in each group. The complications concerning RFA such as bile leakage, cholelithiasis, hepatic artery thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis, hepatic vein thrombosis1 and vena cava thrombosis were observed. Results: Portal vein thrombosis, hepatic vein thrombosis and vena cava thrombosis occurred in one dog. Cholelithisis occurred in one dos. No hepatic artery thrombosis occurred in all dogs. No bile leakage caused by RFA occurred in all dogs. Obvious necrosis of the mucosal and submucosal layers of the wall of bile duct and hepatic tissue in coagulation zones occurred in 3 days after RFA. The infiltration of inflammatory cells and partial fibrosis of the mucosal and submucosal layers of bile duct and hepatic tissue occurred in 9 days after RFA. Obvious fibrosis of the wall of bile duct and hepatic tissue occurred in 14 days after RFA. Conclusions: The complications caused by RFA occur seldom after RFA via the lumen of bile duct. The necrosis, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and gradual fibrosis of the mucosal and submucosal layers of bile duct and hepatic tissue occur in ablation zone.

[Objective]To explore the value of different surgical methods in the treatment of the displaced femoral neck fracture in the elderly.[Method]A follow up study was done on 95 cases older than 65 years who were treated with internal fixation,femoral head arthroplasty and total hip joint replacement from 2003 to 2008.The differenee upon operation time,blood loss,duration of hospitalization,joint function evaluation one and two years after operation,complications and reoperation rate were compared.[Result]The internal fixation group had the shortest operation time and hospitalization and the least blood loss but the highest immobilization time,highest co-mplication rate and reoperation rate as we1l as the worst joint function.While the total hip joint repl acement group had the least immobilization time,the lowest compliction rate and reoperation rate,best joint function but required better health condition.The femoral head arthroplasty group had the least operation injury but had relative higher reoperation rate and worse joint function compared to the total hip joint replacement group.[Conclusion]Prosthetic replacement is reliable to treat femoral neck fractures in the elderly.

Aim To study the protective effects of SEP on the hypertrophic myocardial cells induced with high glucose and high insulin and the mechanism. Methods The protein content was assayed with Lowrys meth-od;the cardiomyocytes area was measured by computer photograph analysis system;the expression of ANF and PPAR-α was determined by RT-PCR;APS was select-ed as control drug. Results Compared with conctrol group,the protein content,cardiomyocytes area and the expression of ANF and PPAR-α of high glucose and high insulin group were significantly increased. Com-pared with conctrol group,the SEP of different dosages were able to decrease the protein content, area, the expression of ANF mRNA and PPAR-α mRNA of cul-tured hypertrophic myocadial cells induced with high glucose and high insulin. Conclusion SEP can pre-vent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by high glu-cose and high insulin, which is related to its inhibition on PPAR-α signaling path.

Objective To study the performance evaluation of integration rendezvous and docking(RVD)control by man and machine in order to provide reference for function allocation between man and machine.Method By a rendezvous and docking experimental system,30 male volunteers aged 20～40 took part in the performance evaluation experiments.The RVD integration control success rates and total thruster ignition time were chosen as evaluation indices.Result The experiment showed that if less than three RVD parameters control tasks were completed by the subjects and the rest of parameters control task completed by automation,the RVD success rate would be larger than 80.47% and the fuel consumption would be optimized.In addition,there were ten subjects who finished the whole 6 RVD parameters control tasks by enough train.Conclusion If the astronauts role should be integrated into the RVD control,it is suitable for them to finish the heading,pitch and roll control in order to assure the man-machine system high performance.When astronauts were needed to finish all parameters control,two points should be taken into consideration,enough fuel and unconstraint operation time.

Viperin is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that has been identified as an innate antiviral protein. Viperin expression can be largely upregulated by viruses, interferons, and oligonucleotides such as poly I:C and lipopolysaccharides. Viperin inhibits viral replication by interactiing with host cell proteins and several viral proteins, and disrupting the cell membrane system. It shows a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. Some viruses have developed activities that counteract the action of viperin during a long- term period of evolution with hosts by impairing viperin expression. In addition to its antiviral effects, viperin has several other biological functions. This article review the basic characteristics of viperin and the state of current research into its antiviral effects, demonstrating the rapid progress that has been made in this field.
Animals ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Proteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Virus Diseases ; genetics ; immunology ; virology ; Virus Replication ; Viruses ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To explore time difference attack therapy in Acinetobacter bauamnnii infection. Methods 67 patients with Acinetobacter bauamnnii were divided into two groups. The experimental group were first given Fosfomycin 4 g 5% GS 100 ml iv girt to finish within 60 min and then given Cefperazone/Sulbactam 4 g 0.9% NS 250 ml iv gitt immediately bid. The control group were given: Ampicillin/Sulbactam 3 g 0.9% NS 250 ml iv gitt (tid) + Ciprofloxacin 0.2 g iv girt (bid). The treatment course all was 11 days. Results The overall effective rate of experimental group methods was superior to that of control group(X2 =9.56 ,P =0. 023). Conclusion The Fos-fomycin Cefperazone/Sulbactam time difference attack therapy for the treatment of Acinetobacter the bauamnnii in-fection is a new way.

Purpose To analyze the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotypes, image features and diagnosis of hemangioblastoma.Methods The clinical and pathological features were studied with HE and immunohistochemical staining in 40 cases of hemangioblastoma.The image features were studied with CT and MRI.Results The clinical symptoms of these cases were dizziness,headache,vomitting, optic disc edema and ataxia. The CT and MRI showed a sharply demarcated tumor with cystic areas and a solid mural nodule. After enhancement scanning, the mural nodule was usually enhanced and the wall of the cystic area was not. Histopathologically, this tumor was characterized by two main components: capillary and stromal cells. Immunohistochemically, the endotheliocyte was positive for CD34 and FⅧRAg, but most of the stromal cells were positive for S-100 and part of the cells were also positive for NSE. The endotheliocyte and the stromal cell were all positive for vimentin, but negative for GFAP, EMA and p53. The expression of Ki-67 was very low.Conclusions Hemangioblastoma is characterized by stromal cells and numerous capillary, but the origin of the stromal cell is not clear. Its image features have some characteristics. It needs to be distinguished from pilocytic astrocytoma, angiomatous meningioma and renal carcinoma.

Objective:To research the age-related changes of thymocyte subsets and Notch 1,Presenilin 1,Presenilin 2,HES1 mRNA expression in senescence-accelerated mice during aging,and analyze the relation of the two changes.Methods:Thymocyte subsets were assayed by flow cytometry,the expression of Notch 1,Presenilin 1,Presenilin 2,HES1 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time PCR fluorescence assay.Results:The rate of CD4+CD8+ double-positive(DP) cell of thymocytes was fairly high in first-and second-week-old SAM,and began to decrease at four-week-old,but no significant difference was observed between SAMP8 and SAMR1 of the same age.The rate of CD4+CD8-single-positive(SP) cell of thymocytes in SAM was age-related increased,yet no significant difference was overserved between SAMP8 and SAMR1,except that it was much lower at the eighth week in SAMP8 than in SAMR1.The rate of CD4-CD8+ SP cell of thymocytes in SAM was also age-related increased,but it was obviously higher in SAMP8 than in SAMR1 after the fourth week.The expression of Notch 1,Presenilin 2 and HES1 gene is age-related increased.The Notch 1 gene was higher at each week in SAMP8 than in SAMR1,but presenilin 2 and HES1 were observed higher in SAMP8 than in SAMR1 only after the fourth week.On the contrary,Presenilin 1 gene was age-related decreased,and it was lower in SAMP8 than in SAMR1 after the fourth week.Conclusion:It suggestes that the expression level of Notch 1,Presenilin 2 and HES1 gene positively correlated with the differentiation of CD4-CD8+ SP thymocyte,while presenilin 1 gene evidenced a significant negative correlated with it.

Objective Retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with delayed bleeding after colorectal polypectomy,summarized the risk factors and treatment methods of bleeding patients,and provided the basis for further prevention and treatment of postoperative delayed bleeding.Methods Collected the clinical data of 1 243 patients who were admitted into the department of gastroenterology of third affiliated hospital of the third military medical university and accepted polypectomy with colonoscopy from January 2014 to December 2016.Divided these patients into the bleeding group and the non-bleeding group according to whether there was delayed bleeding after surgery.The age,size of polypus,location of polypus,postoperative pathology of the two groups were compared and the postoperative treatment of bleeding was evaluated.Results Among the 1 243 patients underwent colorectal polypectomy,there were 14 cases of delayed bleeding,and the incidence was 1.13%.In the bleeding group,there was 1 case of secondary delayed bleeding and 2 cases of bloody stool after hemostasis for the delayed bleeding.Delayed bleeding occurred at (4.73±2.49)days after surgery.The predilection site of of polypus was rectum in the bleeding group (7/14,50%), and the diameter of polypus was (16.65±4.91)mm in the bleeding group,which was lager than (8.07±4.23)mm in the non-bleeding group with statistical difference (P<0.05).The proportion of hypertensive and diabetic patients in the bleeding group was significantly higher than that in the non-bleeding group (P<0.05).Juvenile polyps and tubular adenoma with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia were more common in the bleeding group(P<0.05).The bleeding group achieved good hemostatic effect by purse suture,hemostatic clip,electrocautery or injection hemostasis.Conclusion Older age,hypertension and diabetes,lager size of polypus,rectum polypus,juvenile polyps and tubular adenoma with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia were risk factor for delayed bleeding.In the event of delayed bleeding,different choice of purse suture,hemostatic clip,electrocautery or injection hemostasis according to different wounds can achieve the desired effect.