Objective To analyze the risk factors of clinically overt hemorrhagic cystitis(HC)(grade ≥Ⅱ) in 114 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT) to predict the occurrence of HC.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 29 cases of clinically overt HC from a series of 114 patients subject to allo-HSCT from April 1997 to December 2004.The time of follow-up began from the day of initiating conditioning to day 180 post-transplant.The 11 clinical parameters were selected for univariate analysis using a Cox regression: age,sex,underlying disease,conditioning regimen,disease status at transplant,aGVHD,donor type,use of ATG,GVHD prophylaxis,platelet and neutrophil engraftment.Factors that were significant at the 0.1 level on univariate analysis were evaluated by multivariate analysis using a Cox regression.The cumulative incidence of grade ≥Ⅱ HC within the day 180 after transplantation was calculated by the method of Kaplan and Meier.Results Twenty-nine out of 114 patients(26 %) developed HC with grade Ⅱ in 12/29 cases(41.4 %),grade Ⅲ in 11/29 cases(37.9 %) and grade Ⅳ in 6/29 cases(20.7 %).The following factors were associated with an increased risk of HC by univariate analysis: male gender(RR=2.885,P=0.021),younger than 26 years(RR=3.265,P=0.002),gradeⅢ～Ⅳ aGVHD(RR=4.039,P=0.002),unrelated donor(RR=4.347,P=0.000),intense GVHD prophylaxis(RR=2.218,P=0.045),advanced disease(RR=2.668,P=0.009).These risk factors were entered into a multivariate model.Only male gender(RR=2.993,95 % CI 1.218-7.358;P=0.017) and unrelated donor(RR=4.478,95 % CI 2.049-9.786;P=0.000) were identified as being significantly associated with the occurrence of HC.Conclusion In multivariate analysis,patients were at increased risk of HC if they were male or had received grafts from unrelated donors.

Objective To analyze the related factors of donor′s donation reaction in first time apheresis platelets to provide a basis for formulating the preventive measures of donation reactions in apheresis platelets.Methods The donation data in 743 cases of first time apheresis platelet in this blood station were retrospectively analyzed,and the factors possible influencing the donation reaction occurrence in donors of the first time apheresis platelet were performed the univariate Logistic regression analysis,then observation indicators with statistical significance were performed the multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,body mass,whole blood donation history were the influencing factors of donors′ donation reaction in the first time apheresis platelets.In multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the main factors were age (OR=0.301,P<0.05),body mass (OR=0.411,P<0.05)and whole blood donation history(OR=0.441,P<0.05).Conclusion Age,body mass and whole blood donation history are the main influencing factors of donors′ donation reactions in the first time apheresis platelets.

Xanthone and its derivatives occupy a large part of the family of natural polyphenolic compounds with various biological and pharmacological activities.In recent years (from 2006 to 2011),it was reported that 127 xanthones were discovered from plants and fungi using various modem separation methods including silica gel/polyamide column chromatography,HPLC,high-speed counter-current chromatography,high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography,etc.Since total synthesis and structure modification for xanthone and its derivatives have been given attention worldwide,we introduced the synthetic methods of xanthone skeletons as well.Unfortunately,to date,there are still weaknesses in current methods of separation and synthesis,which need to be improved.This review,to a certain extent,provides necessary foundation for the further research and development of medicines containing xanthone and its derivatives.

Objective To evaluate the impact of acute hyperglycemia on the short-term prognosis in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with meta-analysis. Methods The prospective or retrospective cohort studies or case-control studies of the relationship between baseline blood glucose levels and short-term prognosis (at least were followed up to discharge or 1 month) in patients with ICH within 24 hours were searched and reported. A meta-analysis software package (RevMan 4. 2) was used to pool data for the literatures in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The publication bias was analyzed and the sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the stability of the results. Results The risk of mortality at the end of the follow up in the normoglycemia group was significantly lower than that in the hyperglycemia group (odds ratio 0. 24,95% CI 0. 19-0. 30; P <0. 000 01); the baseline plasma glucose level was significantly lower than that in the survival group (weighted mean difference -2. 30,95% CI -2. 36- -2.23; P< 0.000 01). Conclusions Acute hyperglycemia can significantly increase the risks of short-term mortality in patients with primary ICH. It is necessary to conduct a prospective randomized trial in order to investigate the effect of intensive glucose control on the prognosis of the patients with ICH.

Objective To investigate the expression of type Ⅱ collagen in the articular chondrocyte of osteoarthritis (OA) patients and normal human. Methods The samples of articular cartilage were obtained from the patients undergoing total joint replacement, including 8 primary OA patients, 8 secondary OA patients and 9 normal subjects. Type Ⅱ collagen expression in chondrocyte was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The expressin of type Ⅱ collagen mRNA in normal OA group was higher than that in primary OA group and secondary OA group with a statistical difference (P=0.014), while there was no statistical difference between primary OA group and secondary OA group(P=0.716). Conclusions The reduction of type Ⅱ collagen expression leads to the change of collagen directly and possibly plays an important role in OA, which is the common pathway of the occurrence of both the primary and secondary OA.

Objective To investigate the effects of alantolactone on cell proliferation,cell-cycle and cell cycle-related proteins in human chronic myelogenous leukemia drug-resistant cell line K562/ADR.Methods K562/ADR cells were treated with 0,1.0,2.0,4.0,6.0,8.0,and 10.0 μmol/L of alantolactone for 12,24 and 48 h,with its cell viability analyzed by MTT assay.Flow cytometry was used to examine the effect of alantolactone on the cell-cycle of K562/ADR cells.The cell cycle-related proteins were analyzed by using Western blot after treatment with alantolactone.Results The results of MTT showed that alantolactone effectively inhibited the proliferation of K562/ADR cells in dose and time-dependent way,and the IC50 value of alantolactone in K562/ADR cells was about 5 μmol/L.Flow cytometric analysis displayed that alantolactone could arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase.The percentage of accumulated cells in the G2/M phase was increased from (15.8±1.7) ％ in the control group to (21.0±2.4) ％,(26.4±2.7) ％,and (30.1±3.9) ％ in cells treated with 2.5,5.0,and 7.5 μmol/L of alantolactone for 24 h,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Alantolactone significantly decreased the expression of CDK1 and CyclinB1 and increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.Meanwhile,the treatment of K562/ADR with alantolactone led to a dose-dependent decrease in bcr-abl protein levels.Conclusion Alantolactone can significantly inhibit the proliferation and cell-cycle arrest in G2/M phase of K562/ADR cells,in which mechanism may be associated with the regulation of cell cycle-related proteins and downregulation of bcr-abl protein.

Objective To build experimental animal model of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis disease of sheep,in order to study of human alveolar hydatid disease of the brain.Methods Experiment animal models of ten Xinjiang big-tail sheep were performed by, direct skull puncture,intracerebral inoculation of echinococcus multilocularis.MRI was used to observe the growth status of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis disease of sheep after 8 months,and morphological and pathological characteristics after autopsy were ana-lysed.Results 4 sheep models (40%)were successful built which were confirmed by pathology and MRI.On MRI,4 cases all were single lesion,on T2 WI there was multiple follicles bubbles under the background of low signal in one case,and low signal in other three cases.Under the microscope,a large number of lymphocytes,eosinophils and plasma cells infiltrated the lesion area,around which small blood vessels were blocked and had inflammatory reaction were showed.Conclusion The method using artificial inocula-tion rat alveolar echinococcosis to establish experimental model of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis disease of sheep has the character-istic of feasibility,simplicity and repeatability.

Objective To evaluate the effect of distal splenorenal shunts (DSRS) in treatment of portal hypertension.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 16 patients undergoing DSRS between 2009 and 2015 in a single institution.Perioperative free portal pressure (FPP),blood routine,liver function were collected and analyzed.Postoperative complications,long-term anastomotic status and the rate of re-bleeding were observed.Results Before and after DSRS,FPP were (43 ± 9) cmH2O and (31 ± 6) cmH2 O,a decrease of 29.1％ (t =7.326,P ＜ 0.01).Postoperative serum total bilirubin and peripheral blood leukocyte increased significantly (t =-3.462,t =-2.822,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the changes of platelet and albumin before and after surgery.7 patients (7/16,43.8％) had one or more complications including 5 cases (31.3％) of portal vein thrombosis,massive ascites in 4 cases (25.0％),1 case (6.3％) of pulmonary infection and 1 case (6.3％) of wound infection.There was no inhospital mortality and all the 16 cases were followed up with no shunt anastomotic stenosis as showed by enhanced CT scan,meanwhile postoperative re-bleeding occurred in 1 case (6.3％) and 1 case (6.3％) died from liver failure.Conclusions Distal splenorenal shunts provides an effective method for the treatment of portal hypertension.

Objective To evaluate laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) for benign splenic tumors.Method Data of 55 patients undergoing laparoscopic partial splenectomy (20 cases) vs total splenectomy (LTS in 35 cases) at Peking University Third Hospital from August 2008 to July 2016 were collected and retrospectively analyzed.Results There was no difference in sex,BMI,preoperative H GB,preoperative PLT,operation time,operative blood loss and hospital stay between two groups.Age in LPS cases was younger than LTS group,while the tumor size was larger.On the 4th day postoperatively,PLT level was significnatly higher in LTP group.More patients in LTS group suffered from thrombocytosis.Conclusions Laprtoscopic partial splenectomy is a safe and effective procedure for the management of splenic benign tumors.

ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between expressions of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and B7-H1 with clinico-pathological features and their prognostic significance in pancreatic cancer (PC).Method95 patients who underwent radical pancreaticoduodenectomy for PC were studied.The IDO and B7-H1 expressions in tissue specimens were determined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsIDO and B7-H1 expressions were higher in pancreatic carcinoma tissues than in normal pancreatic tissues (P＜0.05).IDO and B7-H1 expressions positively and significantly correlated with pathological grades and tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stages (P＜0.05).They were prognostic of poor cancer-specific survival.After adjusting by the Cox proportional hazards regression models (P＜0.05),only a combined IDO/B7-H1 expression served as an independent prognostic marker.ConclusionsIDO and B7-H1 were expressed in PC,and they were important markers for malignant progression of PC.A combined IDO/B7-H1 expression served as an independent prognostic marker for PC.