Objective To analyze the risk factors of clinically overt hemorrhagic cystitis(HC)(grade ≥Ⅱ) in 114 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT) to predict the occurrence of HC.Methods We retrospectively analyzed 29 cases of clinically overt HC from a series of 114 patients subject to allo-HSCT from April 1997 to December 2004.The time of follow-up began from the day of initiating conditioning to day 180 post-transplant.The 11 clinical parameters were selected for univariate analysis using a Cox regression: age,sex,underlying disease,conditioning regimen,disease status at transplant,aGVHD,donor type,use of ATG,GVHD prophylaxis,platelet and neutrophil engraftment.Factors that were significant at the 0.1 level on univariate analysis were evaluated by multivariate analysis using a Cox regression.The cumulative incidence of grade ≥Ⅱ HC within the day 180 after transplantation was calculated by the method of Kaplan and Meier.Results Twenty-nine out of 114 patients(26 %) developed HC with grade Ⅱ in 12/29 cases(41.4 %),grade Ⅲ in 11/29 cases(37.9 %) and grade Ⅳ in 6/29 cases(20.7 %).The following factors were associated with an increased risk of HC by univariate analysis: male gender(RR=2.885,P=0.021),younger than 26 years(RR=3.265,P=0.002),gradeⅢ～Ⅳ aGVHD(RR=4.039,P=0.002),unrelated donor(RR=4.347,P=0.000),intense GVHD prophylaxis(RR=2.218,P=0.045),advanced disease(RR=2.668,P=0.009).These risk factors were entered into a multivariate model.Only male gender(RR=2.993,95 % CI 1.218-7.358;P=0.017) and unrelated donor(RR=4.478,95 % CI 2.049-9.786;P=0.000) were identified as being significantly associated with the occurrence of HC.Conclusion In multivariate analysis,patients were at increased risk of HC if they were male or had received grafts from unrelated donors.

Objective To analyze the related factors of donor′s donation reaction in first time apheresis platelets to provide a basis for formulating the preventive measures of donation reactions in apheresis platelets.Methods The donation data in 743 cases of first time apheresis platelet in this blood station were retrospectively analyzed,and the factors possible influencing the donation reaction occurrence in donors of the first time apheresis platelet were performed the univariate Logistic regression analysis,then observation indicators with statistical significance were performed the multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,body mass,whole blood donation history were the influencing factors of donors′ donation reaction in the first time apheresis platelets.In multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the main factors were age (OR=0.301,P<0.05),body mass (OR=0.411,P<0.05)and whole blood donation history(OR=0.441,P<0.05).Conclusion Age,body mass and whole blood donation history are the main influencing factors of donors′ donation reactions in the first time apheresis platelets.

Objective To investigate the expression of type Ⅱ collagen in the articular chondrocyte of osteoarthritis (OA) patients and normal human. Methods The samples of articular cartilage were obtained from the patients undergoing total joint replacement, including 8 primary OA patients, 8 secondary OA patients and 9 normal subjects. Type Ⅱ collagen expression in chondrocyte was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The expressin of type Ⅱ collagen mRNA in normal OA group was higher than that in primary OA group and secondary OA group with a statistical difference (P=0.014), while there was no statistical difference between primary OA group and secondary OA group(P=0.716). Conclusions The reduction of type Ⅱ collagen expression leads to the change of collagen directly and possibly plays an important role in OA, which is the common pathway of the occurrence of both the primary and secondary OA.

Objective To evaluate the impact of acute hyperglycemia on the short-term prognosis in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with meta-analysis. Methods The prospective or retrospective cohort studies or case-control studies of the relationship between baseline blood glucose levels and short-term prognosis (at least were followed up to discharge or 1 month) in patients with ICH within 24 hours were searched and reported. A meta-analysis software package (RevMan 4. 2) was used to pool data for the literatures in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The publication bias was analyzed and the sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the stability of the results. Results The risk of mortality at the end of the follow up in the normoglycemia group was significantly lower than that in the hyperglycemia group (odds ratio 0. 24,95% CI 0. 19-0. 30; P <0. 000 01); the baseline plasma glucose level was significantly lower than that in the survival group (weighted mean difference -2. 30,95% CI -2. 36- -2.23; P< 0.000 01). Conclusions Acute hyperglycemia can significantly increase the risks of short-term mortality in patients with primary ICH. It is necessary to conduct a prospective randomized trial in order to investigate the effect of intensive glucose control on the prognosis of the patients with ICH.

Xanthone and its derivatives occupy a large part of the family of natural polyphenolic compounds with various biological and pharmacological activities.In recent years (from 2006 to 2011),it was reported that 127 xanthones were discovered from plants and fungi using various modem separation methods including silica gel/polyamide column chromatography,HPLC,high-speed counter-current chromatography,high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography,etc.Since total synthesis and structure modification for xanthone and its derivatives have been given attention worldwide,we introduced the synthetic methods of xanthone skeletons as well.Unfortunately,to date,there are still weaknesses in current methods of separation and synthesis,which need to be improved.This review,to a certain extent,provides necessary foundation for the further research and development of medicines containing xanthone and its derivatives.

Objective To investigate the effects of alantolactone on cell proliferation,cell-cycle and cell cycle-related proteins in human chronic myelogenous leukemia drug-resistant cell line K562/ADR.Methods K562/ADR cells were treated with 0,1.0,2.0,4.0,6.0,8.0,and 10.0 μmol/L of alantolactone for 12,24 and 48 h,with its cell viability analyzed by MTT assay.Flow cytometry was used to examine the effect of alantolactone on the cell-cycle of K562/ADR cells.The cell cycle-related proteins were analyzed by using Western blot after treatment with alantolactone.Results The results of MTT showed that alantolactone effectively inhibited the proliferation of K562/ADR cells in dose and time-dependent way,and the IC50 value of alantolactone in K562/ADR cells was about 5 μmol/L.Flow cytometric analysis displayed that alantolactone could arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase.The percentage of accumulated cells in the G2/M phase was increased from (15.8±1.7) ％ in the control group to (21.0±2.4) ％,(26.4±2.7) ％,and (30.1±3.9) ％ in cells treated with 2.5,5.0,and 7.5 μmol/L of alantolactone for 24 h,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Alantolactone significantly decreased the expression of CDK1 and CyclinB1 and increased the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.Meanwhile,the treatment of K562/ADR with alantolactone led to a dose-dependent decrease in bcr-abl protein levels.Conclusion Alantolactone can significantly inhibit the proliferation and cell-cycle arrest in G2/M phase of K562/ADR cells,in which mechanism may be associated with the regulation of cell cycle-related proteins and downregulation of bcr-abl protein.

Objective: in order to provide rapid and reliable method. Methods: Encoded Annexin Ⅴ cDNA was amplifyed from U937 cDNA libary by PCR and then subcloned into E coli expression vector. MS2-Annexin Ⅴ fusion protein could be overexpressed in E　coli. The MS2 bacteria protein could be removed by thrombin digestion.The mature Annexin Ⅴ was obtained by ion exchange chromatography and the FITC labled Annexin Ⅴ could be used in the detection of apoptosis. Results:Up to 37% of the total bacterial proteins was rhAnnexin Ⅴ as showed by SDS-PAGE. The purification of Annexin Ⅴ is over 99%. The FITC labled Annexin Ⅴ could efficiently detect apoptosis. Conclusion: We successfully established the technique procedure of obtaining a large quantity of Annexin Ⅴ and provided the basic routine for popularizing the detection of apoptosis' with high effciency.

Objective: To study the expression and localization of apoptosis-related protein TFAR19 in TF-1 cells undergoing apoptosis. Methods: Using monoclonal antibody against TFAR19, the expression level and cell localization of TFAR19 were examined by fluorescence microscope, confocal laser scan microscope(CLSM) and flow cytometry. Simultaneously, we also analyzed the relationship of TFAR19 protein with phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and cell nuclear DNA fragmentation. Results: The level of TFAR19 proteins expressed in TF-1 cells treated with GM-CSF withdrawal was significantly increased compared with normal TF-1 cells, then translocated rapidly from cytoplasm to the nucleus of cells. Appearance of TFAR19 in the nucleus of apoptotic cells preceded the detection of PS externalization and DNA fragmentation. Conclusion: Nuclear translocation of TFAR19 protein is one of the earliest events of cell apoptotic process. These data provided a new clue to further approach to the biological function of TFAR19 and study of cell apoptosis.

Objective To study the safety,feasibility and efficacy of thoracoscopic hepatectomy for liver carcinoma. Methods Thoracoscopic hepatectomy was performed in 3 cases with single liver neoplasm from 2007 to 2011,including hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) in one case and metastatic liver cancer in 2 cases.By preoperative imaging the tumor was located accurately to simulate the port position in operation.Patients were placed in a left lateral decubitus position,and 3 ports were inserted into the chest wall surrounding the tumor. Through the use of intra-operative thoracoscopic uhrasonography (IOTU),the diaphragm just above the tumor was opened.IOTU was performed on the liver surface and the resection line was marked.Throughout the course of parenchymal transection,IOTU was performed repeatedly to guide the resection line,and ensure the complete removal of the tumor.After meticulous hemostasis of the resection surface,the diaphragm was closed. A thoracic drain was left. Results Thoracoscopic hepatectomy succeeded in all 3 cases,the median total operating time was 150 min (110 -210 min),and the medianblood loss was 297 ml (130 -600 ml). Patients recovered quickly and had no major post-operative complications.During 9 to 42 months' follow-up,one patients died of other cause,no relapse of the diseases was found. Conclusions Thoracoscopic hepatectomy is a safe and feasible operation in selected patients and has advantages in post-operative morbidity and in hospital time.

Objective To study the relationship between low birth weight and hemangioma, as well as the efficacy of dye laser alone and in combination with intralesional drugs in the treatment of cutaneous vascular anomalies. Methods A questionaire was designed and delivered to assess the health status of 209 children with hemangioma and 100 normal control children, as well as the situation of their mothers during pregnancy.Pulsed dye laser was utilized to treat capillary hemangioma, venular malformation, spider angioma and pyogenic granuloma, and pulsed dye laser plus intralesional drugs to manage mixed hemangioma, followed by evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. Results Low birth weight babies amounted to 33.49% in 209 children with hemangioma and 9% in normal controls (u = 4.621, P ＜ 0.05). The effective rate of pulsed dye laser was 83.69% for capillary hemangioma, 92.59% for venular malformation, 100% for spider angioma and 50% for pyogenic granuloma. An effective rate of 95.59% was observed for pulsed dye laser plus intralesional drugs in the treatment of mixed hemangioma. Conclusions Low birth weight has a close relationship with the development of hemangioma. A favorable efficacy has been observed for pulsed dye laser in the treatment of capillary hemangioma, venular malformation and spider angioma, and for pulsed dye laser plus intralesional drugs in the treatment of mixed hemangioma.