AIM　To study bioequivalence of bambuteral and its metablites terbutaline in 20 healthy male volunteers. METHODS　A single oral dose of domestic or imported bambuteral tablet was given according to a randomized 2-way cross-over design. The plasma bambuteral and terbutaline concentrations were determined by HPLC/MS. RESULTS　The pharmacokinetic parametrs of domestic and imported bambuteral: AUC0-t were (52±21) μg*h*L-1 and (51±20) μg*h*L-1, Tmax were (2.9±0.9) h and (2.6±0.7) h, Cmax were (6.0±2.6) μg*L-1 and (6.2±2.9) μg*L-1, T1/2Ke were (11.2±2.3) h and (11.2±1.9) h, respectively; terbutaline: AUC0-t were (191±30) μg*h*L-1 and (197±37) μg*h*L-1; Tmax were (4.2±1.0) h and (4.2±1.0) h; Cmax were (10±5) μg*L-1 and (10±4) μg*L-1; T1/2Ke were (20±3) h and (21±4) h, respectively. The bioavaiability of the domestics was 102%±8% (bambuteral) and 100%±12% (terbutaline). CONCLUSION　The results demonstrate that the two forms of bambuteral and terbutaline were bioequivalent by analysis of variance, two-one sided test and 90% confidential limit.

Objective To evaluate MR appearances of normal and injured anterior cruciate ligament(ACL).Methods The MR findings of normal ACL in 16 cases and ACL tear in 15 cases were reviewed retrospectively.Results Normal ACL appeared as a flat band with low signal intensity on T1 and T2-weighted imaging. The injured ACL can appeared as interruption in continuation(n=5), irregular shape(n=1),abnormal direction(n=2) and increased in signal intensity(n=7).Conclusion MRI is a accurate and noninvasive diagnostic method for ACL tear.

Objective To investigate the effect of H 2 S and its synthetase inhibitor propargylglycine ( PAG) on the autophagic function in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis ( AP) mice.Methods A total of 60 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control , AP, NaHS and PAG group using random number method.AP was induced in mice via hourly intraperitoneal injection of caerulein (50 μg/kg) continuously for 6 hours.NaHS and PAG group received NaHS (10 mg/kg) or PAG (50 mg/kg) 1 h before the AP induction . A equal volume of normal saline solution was injected in control group and AP group .All the mice were killed at 12 h after the first caerulein injection and blood sample was collected for the detection of serum amylase and lipase content.Deproteinization spectrometry was used to detect serum H 2 S content, and pancreatic tissue was pathological examined and scored . Real-time PCR detected mRNA expression of CSE , and the protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰand p62 was measured using Western blot .Results Serum amylase, lipase, H2S, CSE mRNA, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰand p62 were (2 700 ±100)U/L, (70 ±20)U/L,(22.9 ±1.7)mmol/L, 1.0 ±0.1,0.419 ±0.080, 0.227 ±0.140 in control group; (17 290 ±500)U/L,(520 ±40)U/L, (31.3 ± 3.0)mmol/L, 5.4 ±0.4, 1.184 ±0.120, 1.985 ±0.210 in AP group; (27 784 ±1 200)U/L, (900 ± 80)U/L,(38.6 ±3.3)mmol/L, 6.9 ±0.9,1.600 ±0.210, 4.229 ±0.050 in NaHS group; (13 750 ± 2 000)U/L,(370 ±20)U/L, (24.5 ±2.1)mmol/L, 4.2 ±0.5, 0.745 ±0.130, 1.203 ±0.080 in PAG group.All those biomarkers detected above in AP group significantly increased compared with control group , which were much lower than those in NaHS group , but higher than those in PAG group , and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Pancreatic histological damage in NaHS group was more severe than that in AP group , which in PAG group was less severe than that in AP group .Conclusions PAG could greatly decrease serum amylase and lipase level , and reduce the damage on autophagy and the severity of AP .

Objective To study the operational method and the clinical application of breast reconstruction with the bipedical transverse rectus abdominis. Methods 5 cases of breast reconstruction were performed with bipedical transverse rectus abdominis post mastectomy, and 3 cases of nipple-areola reconstruction. Immediate reconstruction was 3 cases, and delayed reconstruction was 2 cases. Results 4 cases of the breast reconstruction were survival, the morphologies were natural, and touch feeling was normal. Only one case skin flap was partial necrosis, nearly 3cm?2cm. Conclutions The breast reconstruction with bipedical transverse rectus abdominis is a good choice for breast cancer patients with caesarotomy scar.

Objective:The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) and metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in the small intestine and to explore the potential role of NF-?B and MMP-9 in the damage of gut mucosal barrier after traumatic brain injury.Methods:The trauma was produced by a free-falling weight on the exposed dura of right parietal lobe.The rats were randomly divided into control group and traumatic brain injury groups at hours 3,12,24 and 72,and on day 7.NF-?B binding activity in the small intestine was studied by electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA),and the expression of MMP-9 was studied by immunohistochemistry.Results:The results showed that NF-?B binding activity and MMP-9 expression in the small intestine was progressively increased,reached the maximum at 72 h and kept at high level up to 7 d after TBI.Concomitant upregulation of NF-?B~()and MMP-9 was observed.MMP-9 positively immunostained cells were mainly located at villous interstitium,lamina propria,crypt and submucosal layer,including endothelial cells,lymphocytes and neutrophils.Conclusion:It was concluded that cortical contusion trauma could induce a concomitant and persistent upregulation of NF-?B binding activity and MMP-9 expression in the small intestine which might play a central role in the~()damage of gut mucosal barrier.

BACKGROUND: The frequency of body ailments combined with depression is relatively higher, and hence post stoke depression(PSD) has gained more and more concentration.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morbidity, related factors and pathophysiological mechanism of PSD.DESIGN: Case analysis and observation study.SETTING: Department of eurology in a hospital of a university; Third department of internal medicine in a hospital of Chinese People' s Armed Police Force; Department of neurology in a province hospital.PARTICIPANTS: This study was carried out at the Neurological Department of First Clinical Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University and the General Hospital of Armed Police Army in Heilongjiang Province from January 2001 to May 2004. A cohort of 312 stroke patients was followed up in this study.METHODS: All 312 patients scored for Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAMD) and European stroke scale(ESS) within 48 hours of hospitalization. Meanwhile their clinical presentations and social-psychological factors were also collected.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The stroke morbidity in patients with different sex, age, personality, educational degree, as well as stroke type, lesion location and extent of neurological functional deficit.RESULTS: The morbidity of PSD was 40. 1%, predominated by mild and medium stroke; amongst which PSD was found more frequent in women than men( P ＜ 0.01), as well as in elders than youngers( P ＜ 0.01); Patients who has diffidence personality are liable to suffer from PSD; and it was found more common in patients with over middle school education than those received only elementary school education ( P ＜ 0.01 ); depression was more frequent in left-sided stroke than right-sided stroke( P ＜ 0.01 ), especially in frontal lobal stroke; PSD was found negatively correlated with the scores for ESS(r= -0.846, P ＜0.05).CONCLUSION: As the result of the interaction of multiple factors, the development of PSD is found accorded with biology-psychology-society mode.

OBJECTIVE:To study the bioequivalence of suspension formulation of cefixime(A),capsule formulation of ce-fixime(B) and reference preparation(C: Cefixime Capsules or Cefspan) in human body.METHODS: The study was conducted as a 3- way crossover design in 18 healthy volunteers whose plasma concentrations of cefixime were determined by HPLC after receiving a single oral dose of 200 mg trial preparations or reference preparation.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetics of the three preparations(A、B、C) were as follows after undergoing BIO3 program fitting:AUC0-1 were(18.54?6.31)mg?h-1?L-1, (16.10?5.51)mg?h-1?L-1 and (17.16?5.96)mg?h-1?L-1, Cmax were(2.63?0.76) mg?L-1, (2.43?0.78)mg?L-1 and (2.57?0.90)mg?L-1;tmax were(4.11?0.58)h,(4.56?0.51)h and (4.56?0.70)h,respectively .The relative bioavailability of cefixime suspensions(A) and cefixime capsules(B) were (108.8?12.3)% and (95.7?15.9)% ,respectively as against reference preparation(C) .CONCLUSION:The test formulations(A and B) were found bioequivalent to the reference formulation(C).

OBJECTIVE:The bioequivalence and pharmacokinetics of two kinds of domestic meloxicam tablets were studied in 20 healthy male volunteers METHODS:A dose of 15mg of domestic or imported meloxicam(test and reference preparation)was given according to arandomized 2-way cross-over design,blood samples were withdrawn up to 96 hours post administration,and plasma concentration of meloxicam was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method RESULTS:The peak plasma levels(Cmax)of meloxicam test drug and reference drug were (2 736 2?312 0)and(2 665 6?333 8)?g/L,respectively,the peak time(Tmax)were(4 25?1 16)h and(4 00?1 30)h,respectively,T1/2ke were(21 67?3 81)h and(21 05?3 30)h,respectively,and AUC0～t were(96 454 6?25 526 6)and(95 692 5?24 532 6)?g/(h?L),respectively There were no significant differences in AUC0～t,Tmax,Cmax and T1/2ke between two kinds of tablet CONCLUSION:The relative bioavailability data obtained in the study furnished definite proof of bioequivalence of both domestic meloxicam tablets and imported meloxicam tablets The relative bioavailablility of the test drug was(101 3?11 9)%

Objective To assess the clinical results of the treatment of the 211 cases of long bone shaft fractures at lower limbs with intramedullary interlocking nails. Methods 211 cases of femoral and tibial fractures were treated chiefly with unreamed intramedullary interlocking nails and postoperative functional exercises including continuous passive motion (CPM). Results 189 cases were followed up for an average of 9 months (ranging from 4 to 26 months). All the cases achieved bone union, and no nonunion occurred. Delayed union occurred in 7 cases and limited knee joint function in 4 cases. According to the Johner-wruhs criteria, 178 cases were assessed as excellent, 24 as good and 9 as fair. The total excellent and good rate was 95.6%. Conclusions The intramedullary interlocking nail is a good device for the treatment of long bone shaft fractures at lower limbs. Its indications have become wider. It is correct to pay equal attention to the blood supply of the fractured bone and the reduction of the fracture during the operation.

Objective To investigate the treatment strategies and clinical effects in treatment of floating knee in children.Methods A retrospective case series study was made on 26 cases of floating knee treated from July 2005 to June 2015.There were 22 males and four females, aged from 2-14 years (mean, 7.6 years).According to the Letts classification of the floating knee, ten cases were with type A, four with type B, two with type C, eight with type D, and two with type E.Closed fractures were noted in 16 cases and open fractures in 10 cases.According to the Gustilo classification of open fractures, one was with type ⅢA, six with type ⅢB, and three with type ⅢC.One case was amputated from the distal of the femur, eight cases were treated by traction and plaster caster, and 17 cases were treated by reduction and fixation of both femoral and tibil fractures.Wound healing, fracture union, Karsstrom criteria for functional outcome and complications were detected.Results All patients were followed up for mean 2.8 years (range, 1-6 years).One case of Gustilo type ⅢA and six cases of Gustilo type ⅢB open fractures had wound healing after one-stage debridement.Two cases of Gustilo type ⅢC showed wound healing after second-stage skin grafting.One case of Gustilo type ⅢC had amputation wound infection and was cured after a second debridement and dress change.Two had delayed union and there was no nonunion.According to the Karlstrom criteria, the excellent and good rate of functional outcome was 25% and 83% respectively in nonoperative and operative population (P<0.05).Malunion was found in four cases, genu vagum in three and overgrowth of 10-20 mm in seven.There was no premature closure of epiphysis.Conclusion Femur and tibia immobilization of floating knee in children is effective for bone union and functional recovery.