BACKGROUND:Atorvastatin has been shown to reduce bone loss and fracture, but its effects on implant osseointegration remain unknown.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin on implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats and the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS:Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into sham-surgery, ovariectomy, and atorvastatin (10 and 20 mg/kg per day) treatment groups, respectively. Al rats received ovariectomy and implant surgery except those in the sham-surgery group. Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebra, osseointegration ratio and pul-out strength of implants were measured after 12-week treatment.Levels of bone formation and resorption markers in osteoblasts treated with atorvastatin were determined by ELISA. Wnt pathway-relatedgene expression was detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone mineral density, osseointegration ratio and pul-out strength of implants were significantly increased in 20 mg/kg per day of atorvastatin treatment group compared with ovariectomy group (P< 0.05). Levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcinand osteoprotegerinwere significantly increased in osteoblasts treated with atorvastatinin vitro(P<0 .05), and the level of osteoclast differentiation factor RANKL was significantly inhibited (P< 0.05). Meanwhile, atorvastatin significantly promoted the mRNA expression of low-density lipoprotein associated protein 5and β-catenin, and inhibited the mRNA expression of dickkopfWnt signal pathway inhibitor 1and sclerostin. Our results suggest that atorvastatin promotes implant osseointegration in osteoporotic rats by activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.

Objective To study the Hainan Utstein templates used for cardiac arrest and resuscitation registries to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of the patients with CPR by multi-center study. Methodsccording to the Utstein templates for cardiac arrest and CPR set by International Liaison Committee on resuscitation in 2004, a Hainan Utstein CPR registry chart was designed and a prospective descriptive study was carried out to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics, impact factors and outcomes of the patients with resuscitation attempt in emergency departments of thirteen hospitals in Hainan Island between January 2007 and December 2010.Results Of 1125 patients with cardiac arrest, male accounted for 73. 8％ and female was 26. 2％. The mean ( ± S. D) age of the cardiac arrest patients was 53.9 ± 13. 1 years old.Coronary heart diseases and hypertension were the most common preexisting chronic diseases in the studied patients. The ROSC rate and discharge rates after survival in 1125 patients with CPR were 23. 8％ and 7.4％ respectively. The ROSC rate and discharge rates after survival were 36. 3％ and 11.6％ in the in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) group, respectively whereas 11.5％ and 3. 3％ in out-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) group. Of 188 patients with ventricular fibrillation/Pulseless ventricular tachycardia, the ROSC rate and discharge rate after survival were 58.0％and 21.8％,respectively. Of them, 448 (39. 8％ ) of the cardiac arrest patients had underlying cardiac causes, and the ROSC rate and discharge rate after survival were 36. 3％ and 11.5％ respectively in IHCA group whereas 11.6％ and 3. 3％ in OHCA group. The ROSC rate and discharge rate after survival were 69. 8％ and 7. 4％respectively in the tertiary hospitals whereas 30. 2％ and 7. 3％ in the secondary hospitals. Conclusions Patients experienced cardiac arrest were predominantly male. Coronary heart disease and hypertension were the two most common preexisting chronic diseases. The ROSC rate and discharge rate of patients with IHCA were higher than those with OHCA. ROSC rate and discharge rate after survival were higher in the ventriculat fibrillation/Pulseless ventricular tachycardia group than the other cardiac rhythms first witnessed groups. The time delayed of starting CPR after onset of cardiac arrest had a critical impact on survival and discharge rate in both IHCA and OHCA groups.

Objective:To investigate the pathogenic gene of the two pedigrees with hereditary synpolydactyly.Methods:Clinical data of two families admitted to the Linyi People’s Hospital due to hereditary synpolydactyly in January 2019 and December 2020 were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected and genomic DNAs were extracted. Whole exome sequencing was conducted to detect the pathological mutations and Sanger sequencing was used to verify the variants. The pathogenicity of the mutations was predicted according to PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines.Results:There were a total of 5 patients (2 males and 3 females) in family 1. The proband was an 8-year-old girl, showed syndactyly of the third and fourth fingers of the right hand with webbed fusion and distal fingernail fusion. The rest of the fingers and feet were normal. There were a total of 4 patients (all females) in family 2. The proband was a 4-year-old girl, and showed the interlocking of the third and fourth fingers on both hands and the lateral curvature of the indicator finger. Two mutations of the homeobox D13(HOXD13) gene, c. 917G>A and c. 917G>T were detected and co-segregated with the disease phenotype in two affected families. Moreover, the variant of c. 917G>T is a novel missense mutation of the HOXD13 gene. According to ACMG guidelines, c. 917G>A meets the criteria of pathogenic variation (PS1+ PS4+ PM1+ PM2+ PP3) and c. 917G>T meets the criteria of likely pathogenic variation (PM2+ PM5+ PP3+ PP4).Conclusion:The HOXD13 gene c. 917G>A and c. 917G>T mutations are identified to be responsible for hereditary synpolydactyly in these two families.

Objective:To investigate the pathogenic gene of the two pedigrees with hereditary synpolydactyly.Methods:Clinical data of two families admitted to the Linyi People’s Hospital due to hereditary synpolydactyly in January 2019 and December 2020 were recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected and genomic DNAs were extracted. Whole exome sequencing was conducted to detect the pathological mutations and Sanger sequencing was used to verify the variants. The pathogenicity of the mutations was predicted according to PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines.Results:There were a total of 5 patients (2 males and 3 females) in family 1. The proband was an 8-year-old girl, showed syndactyly of the third and fourth fingers of the right hand with webbed fusion and distal fingernail fusion. The rest of the fingers and feet were normal. There were a total of 4 patients (all females) in family 2. The proband was a 4-year-old girl, and showed the interlocking of the third and fourth fingers on both hands and the lateral curvature of the indicator finger. Two mutations of the homeobox D13(HOXD13) gene, c. 917G>A and c. 917G>T were detected and co-segregated with the disease phenotype in two affected families. Moreover, the variant of c. 917G>T is a novel missense mutation of the HOXD13 gene. According to ACMG guidelines, c. 917G>A meets the criteria of pathogenic variation (PS1+ PS4+ PM1+ PM2+ PP3) and c. 917G>T meets the criteria of likely pathogenic variation (PM2+ PM5+ PP3+ PP4).Conclusion:The HOXD13 gene c. 917G>A and c. 917G>T mutations are identified to be responsible for hereditary synpolydactyly in these two families.

Objective To investigate the effects of terahertz(THz)radiation on mouse testicular tissue and its potential molecular mechanisms.Methods A total of 125 male C57BL/6J mice(6～8 weeks old)were randomly divided into control group and low-,medium-and high-radiation power groups.The mice of the latter 3 groups were exposed to THz radiation at a frequency of 2.5 T,with an average power density of 38,115,or 318 mW/cm2,for 5 or 10 min.The detection time was immediately or 24 h after exposure.HE staining was used to observe pathological damage.ELISA was employed to detect the expression of inflammatory factors in testicular tissue.RNA-seq was utilized to detect the global changes of gene expression.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened and bioinformatics was used to cluster them.The screened genes were further analyzed with RT-qPCR to determine the time-dependent and dose-dependent relationships of the expression with THz exposure.Finally,sperm quality was evaluated morphologically using a microscope.Results Three doses of THz radiation exposure did not cause significant pathological damages to mouse testicular tissue.TNF-α expression was increased immediately after exposure at average power density of 115 mW/cm2(P＜0.01),and the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α were both increased when the dose reached 318 mW/cm2(P＜0.01).However,all the 3 factors returned to normal levels in 24 h after exposure.RNA-seq results showed that THz radiation exposure caused abnormal expression of 56 genes.Cluster analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly enriched in immune and inflammatory responses,enzyme activity,sperm development and capacitation functions.Then for 5 selected key genes,Crisp1,Adam7,Ltf,Rnase9,and Bsph1,the expression of Crisp1 and Rnase9 was decreased immediately after exposure to 115 mW/cm2 THz radiation,the dose of 318 mW/cm2 resulted in obvious changes in the expression of the 5 genes(P＜0.05),and their expression returned to normal levels in 24 h after exposure.Morphological observation displayed that exposure to all the 3 doses of THz had no influence on sperm quality.Conclusion THz radiation exposure causes temporary inflammatory response in testicular tissue and abnormal expression of sperm functions-related genes.However,these changes return to normal 24 h after exposure,and additionally,do not impair sperm quality.

DNA is a biological polymer that encodes and stores genetic information in all living organism. Particularly, the precise nucleobase pairing inside DNA is exploited for the self-assembling of nanostructures with defined size, shape and functionality. These DNA nanostructures are known as framework nucleic acids (FNAs) for their skeleton-like features. Recently, FNAs have been explored in various fields ranging from physics, chemistry to biology. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent progress of FNAs in a pharmaceutical perspective. We summarize the advantages and applications of FNAs for drug discovery, drug delivery and drug analysis. We further discuss the drawbacks of FNAs and provide an outlook on the pharmaceutical research direction of FNAs in the future.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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