Objective: To compare sleep condition and mental ac tivity among short sleeper, insomniacs and normal sleeper Method: Subjects were grouped as normal sleeper, short sleeper (according to ICSD cri teria) and insomniacs All of them were measured with MMPI, self-made questionn a ire on emotion at bedtime Psychophysiological arousal and polysomnogram over n i ght were also recorded Results: Sleep latency was longer in sh o rt sleeper than normal The total spent asleep and sleep efficiency of short sl e eper had no different from those of insomniacs The awake time, A/TSA and funct i on of daytime of short sleeper were as good as normal The result of MMPI showe d , short sleeper had lower scores in Hypochondria, Depression, Conversion Hysteri a and Psychasthenia than insomniacs, higher scores in Hypomania than insomniacs or normal control They were also less anxious than insomniacs at bedtime, had s maller correlation coefficient between daytime psychophysiological arousal and s leep condition than insomniacs had Conclusion: Short sleeper h a s longer sleep latency, but quality of their sleep, their personality and emotio n at bedtime are more close to normal sleeper

Objective: to compare clinical effect of cognitive-behavior therapy and pharmacological treatment on chronic insomnia Method:48 patients with chronic insomnia were divided into 4 groups, receiving treatments of cognitive-behavior therapy, medication, placebo,and cognitive-behavior plus medication separately All of the subjects were assessed with polysomnogram over night and sleep diary Result:the three active treatments were more effective than placebo at post-treatment assessment On the eighth day of treatments, medication group and combined group showed improvement, sleep latencies were 20 min and 27 min, sleep efficacy were 80% and 82%, total sleep time were 381 min and 356 min, which were better than the results before treatments At the end of 8 weeks, cognitive-behavior group showed improvement in the above three indexes At the end of 8 months' follow-up, cognitive-behavior group still showed better effect in sleep latency 26 min, sleep efficacy 80%, total sleep time 378 min than those of 8 weeks While the indexes of the medication group and combined group could not maintain the effect of treatment Conclusion:medication shows a short-term effect on chronic insomnia, cognitive-behavior therapy shows long-term effect

Objective:To compare the sleep behaviors and the coping styles between chronic insomniacs and normal sleepers.Methods:The self-made questionnaire of sleep behaviors (including the irrational beliefs and attitudes toward sleep, the dysfunctional sleep behaviors and anxiety on evening),the coping styles and the internal-external locus of control(I-E) score were administered to 62 chronic insomniacs and 62 normal sleeper matched by age and sex.Results:The irrational beliefs and attitudes toward sleep, the dysfunctional sleep behaviors, the anxiety on evening, and the scores of I-E and of the self-blame in coping style were higher in the chronic insomniacs than in normal controls. The scores of problem-solving of the chronic insomniacs were lower than that of the normal controls. Regression analysis indicated the irrational beliefs about sleep and the dysfunctional sleep behaviors were associated with problem-solving and I-E scores.Conclusions:Chronic insomnia group has irrational beliefs and attitudes toward sleep, they have more dysfunctional sleep behaviors and higher anxiety on evening. Their ability of problem-solving is impaired and they incline to attribute their fate to external control.