Objective: To investigate clinical effect of improved flushing method applied in anastomotic leakage (AL) atfer low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective study to analyze the therapeutic effect for 39 AL from 438 patients who received Dixon surgery in the Affliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College. Among them, 23 patients received the traditional lfushing method (the traditional group) and 16 received the improved lfushing method (the improved group). Results: hTe rate of AL was 8.9% (39/438). All patients were cured with non-operative treatment. hTe cleanliness degree of the surrounding skin of drainage tube in the improved group was higher than that in the traditional group. hTe duration of average hospitalization and extubation of drainage tube was shorter in the improved group than that in the traditional group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with the traditional methods, the improved one is better for the ALpatients. Both the patients themselves or their family members can chose it. hTe improved lfushing method is worth to be spread in clinic.

BACKGROUND: Astrocyte distributes the most widely in the central nerve system,but the role of astrocyte in the pathogenisis of neurodegenerative diseases is still unclear.OBJECTIVE :To investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the level of the free intracelluar calcium, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), and the cell viability of astrocytes.DESIGN: Randomized grouping controlled experiment.SETTING: The Brain Circulation Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Brain Circulation Research Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University from May 2005 to August 2005. The astrocytes were derived from the cerebral cortex of 8 Newborn SD rats aged 1-3 days provided by the Animal Experimental Center of Suzhou University. LPS was purchased from Sigma, MTT assay kit and NO assay kit were obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology.METHODS: The astrocytes were isolated and cultured using the method described by Kevin St. P. McNaught. The cells were purified by proliferation repeatedly. Astrocytes were divided into control group, LPS5, 10, 20,40 mg/L group according to different dosage of LPS added. The cell viability at 30 min and 60 min respectively was measured using MTT method.The NO accumulation in cultured cell supernatant at 30 min was assayed with Griess reagent after the treatment of LPS. Calcium and ROS accumulation in cultured astrocyte of rats stimulated by different dosage of LPS was measured at 30 min and 60 min respectively by confocal laser scan microscope (CLSM).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell viability of astrocyte, the change of level of NO, calcium and reactive oxygen species of astrocyte.RESULTS: ① The cell viability 60 min after administration of LPS 5 mg/L,LPS 10 mg/L and LPS 20 mg/L was higher than that of control group(P ＜ 0.05). The cell viability of LPS 10 mg/L group was higher than that of LPS 5, 20 mg/L group.② NO production 30 min after LPS treatment of LPS 40 mg/L group was higher than control and the other 3 experimental groups (P ＜ 0.05 ). ③ The calcium of the LPS 5, 10 and 20 mg/L group was 200-400 times higher than that of the base state. The calcium of the LPS 40 mg/L group was 1 000 times than its baseline state; Absolute fluorescence intensity of ROS was superior than the detect range of CLSM, we could speculate that the relative fluorescence intensity of the group LPS 40 mg/L was at least 300-400 times higher than that of its base state.CONCLUSION: LPS could increase the level of the free intracelluar calcium and induce the production of ROS and NO in astrocytes.

Objective To investigate the expression of GrB and Bid gene in gastric carcinoma and development of gastric carcinoma,exploring their effect on the mechanism of immune tolerance of tumor.Methods S-P method was used to detect the expression status of GrB and Bid gene in gastric carcinoma and margin tissue.Results The positive expression rate of GrB of gastric carcinoma tissues was 47.62％,the positive rate in the margin tissue was 40.48％,there was no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05) ; The positive expression rate of Bid of gastric carcinoma tissues (26.19％) was significantly lower than that of margin tissue(76.19％) (P ＜ 0.05) ; The expression of GrB had significantly correlation with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of the tumor (P ＜ 0.05),the expression of Bid in gastric cancer had significantly correlation with differentiation,invasive depth,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of the tumor (P ＜ 0.05) ; the expression of GrB was negatively correlated with that of Bid in gastric cancaer(rs =-0.311,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of GrB and Bid may be involved in development of gastric carcinoma,down-regulated or scarce expression of Bid may be cause cancer cells escaping from endogenous or exogenous GrB-mediated cell apoptosis,and acquire immune tolerance,potential,to escape the immune response.

Objective To investigate the expression of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 gene (Bcl-2) in the gastric carcinoma,and the relationship between Bcl-2 and clinical biological behaviour and prognosis.Methods To use SP immunohistochemistry to detect respectively the expression level of Bcl-2 in the gastric carcinoma and incisal margin epithelial tissue of 42 gastric carcinoma patients.Results The positive expression rates of Bcl-2 in the gastric carcinoma and incisal margin epithelial tissue were 69.05％ and 21.43％.It had statistical significance (P ＜0.05) ; the expression of Bcl-2 in gastric carcinoma had not significantly correlation repectively with patient' s age,gender and invasive depth (P ＞ 0.05),but had significantly correlation with differentiation,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of the tumor (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression level of Bcl-2 in gastric carcinoma may be one of biology indexes of the inwsion,migration,advancement and prognosis of the gastric carcinoma.

Objective To observe the effects of chronic levodopa administration on cerebral dopamine transporter in healthy aged SD rats.Methods Twelve healthy aged SD rats was divided into three groups,which was respectively gavaged with high-dose of levodopa (150 mg/kg), low-dose of levodopa (50mg/kg) and NS everyday for four months. After levodopa was stopped for twenty-four hours, 0.2 ml of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 (800 ?Gi) was injected into the rats through vena caudalis. Three hours later, the rats were sacrificed and the wet weight of striatum, cerebral cortex, cerebella and brain stem was weighed. We measured the counts of radiation and calculated the numerical value of ID.Results The activity of ID in striatum was ( 0.764? 0.129) in high-dose group and ( 0.928? 0.145) in low-dose group. Compared with the control group ( 1.562? 0.289), the differences were significant ( P

Extract of Ground Beetle was found to affect rat rheology. when given orally to rats for 10 consecutive days, it resulted in the lowering of packed corpuscular volume, high and low whole blood shear viscosity, RBC aggregation and rigidity indices and sedimentation rate,but the constant of SR equation was raised and without effect on Plasma viscosity and fibrinogen content. These results suggested that the effect of ground beetle extract is by way of its action on RBC

Objective To explore the protective effect and mechanism of gardenoside on the damage of dopaminergic neurons induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Both neuron-enriched cultures and neuron-astrocyte cultures were pretreated with vehicle or gardenesides ( 10, 20 and 40 mg/L) for 30 min at 37℃. The culture media were subsequently renewed in order to remove gardenesides. LPS was then added into all culture media at a final concentration of 10 mg/L Twenty-four hours later, the culture media was collected to measure TNF-α, NO, IL-6, GDNF and MMP-9; the cells were collected to count the number of cells labeled with an antibody against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and to assess the expression of TH mRNA using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results Gardeneside didn't promote the survival of dopaminergic neurons in neuron-enriched culture, but significantly increased the survival of dopaminergic neurons in neuron-astrocyte culture, compared with the vehicle group, the survival of dopaminergic neurons increased from 203.0%±17.4% to 256.7%±15.2% ( F = 17.22, P = 0.001 ) in 40 mg/L gardenaside group. The amount of TNF-α, NO and GDNF released from the neuron-astrocyte cultures after 24 h of addition of LPS was not changed significantly, while the expression of IL-6 and MMP-9 was increased significantly. In this study, the gardenoside concentration-dependently attenuated the LPSinduced increase of the expression of IL-6 and MMP-9, compared with the vehicle group, the expression of IL-6 and MMP-9 decreased to 67.2%±6.4% (F= 12.89,P =0.001 ), 77.3%±9.8% (F =8.27,P = 0.001 ) respectively in 40 mg/L gardenoside group. Conclusions Astrocytes play a neuroprotective role on dopaminergic neurons, which is decreased by LPS via inducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Gardeneside may protect dopaminergic neurons from LPS-induced injury in an astrocyte-dependent manner and it inhibits the production of proinflammatory factors instead of promoting the secretion of GDNF. From the point of view that a very low toxicity of gardenesides has been well documented, this report may reveal a new way of developing therapeutic interventions for inflammation-related diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Objective To study the effect of bird's nest nursing on the vital signs,gastroenteric function,body weight and growth of premature infants.Methods 456 cases of premature infants were divided into the warm box group and the bird's nest group randomly according to odd and even number of birth,namely 228 cases in each group.The warm box group adopted routine nursing care.The bird's nest group adopted routine nursing care and bird's nest nursing in the mean time,namely the bird's nest wag put into the warm box,the premature infants slept in the pre-heated bird's nest.The condition of the two groups Was compared.Results On the first day of birth,there were no statistical difference(P＞0.05)between the two groups in respiration,heart rate,milk amount and body weight.On the seventh and fourteenth day,respiration and heart rate were stable and milk amount and body weight increased rapidly in bird's nest group.There Was statistical difference(P＜0.05)between the two groups.In bird's nest group,the premature had long sleeping time and body temperature-fluctuation was reduced.There was statistical differencere(P＜0.01)between the two groups.Conclusions After the bird's nest was used in premature care,diseases were recovered rapidly,hospitalization days were shortened and it was beneficial to the development of intelligence and body and mind of the premature infants.

Lectin-likeoxidizedLDLreceptor-1(LOX-1)isoneofthemajorreceptorsoftheoxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL). Recent research suggests that LOX-1 can not only bind, neutralize and degrade oxLDL, but also bind some non-oxidized lipoproteins and apoptotic blood cel s. LOX-1 is involved in the process of atherosclerosis through a variety of w ays, such as activating platelet, inducing inflammatory reaction, promoting the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cels. This article reviews the related research progress from the relationship betw een the structure and function of the LOX-1 and its lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

Objective To analyze imaging infarct patterns and features in patients with severe stenosis or occlusion of internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA)from the point of view of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and to investigate the infarction related mechanism. Methods Eighty-eight patients with acute ischemic stroke who had moderate to severe ICA or MCA stenosis or occlusion confirmed by cerebral angiography were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into ICA lesion and MCA lesion groups. The infarct patterns were classified as single and multiple according to DWI. The former were reclassified as perforating artery infarct (PAI), pial infarct (PI), watershed infarct, and large infarct. Results There were 11 types of infarct patterns in MCA territories. The DWI multi-infarct pattern accounted for 62.5% of all patients (55/88). PI with watershed infarction appeared more often in the ICA lesion group (11/45, P=0. 040), and PI with PAI appeared more often in the MCA lesion group (10/43, P = 0. 037). Conclusions In patients with cerebral infarction associated with ICA or MCA severe stenosis or occlusion, most of them showed multi-infarct pattern,which suggested the mixed mechanisms such as embolization, hypoperfusion/impaired clearance of emboli, and local perforating branch occlusion were the main mechanisms of the occurrence of cerebral infarction. The main mechanism of cerebral infarction in the ICA lesion group was embolization combined with hypoperfusion/impaired clearance of emboli, while in the MCA lesion group was embolization combined with local perforating branch occlusion.