Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Alopecia ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Hair ; growth & development ; Humans

Objective To investigate the relationship between early pregnancy fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and gestational glucose metabolism disorders. Methods Six hundred and fifty-six pregnant women who were singleton, non-diabetes before pregnancy and had FPG examined during 5-13 weeks of pregnancy were admitted into this study from January 1, 2009 to May 31, 2009. All these subjects had routine prenatal examination and finally delivered in the Department of Obstetrics of Peking University First Hospital. The FPG, 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) after 24 weeks of pregnancy, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM),gestational impaired glucose tolerance (GIGT) were analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results (1) Relationship between FPG and GCT were analyzed with ROC curve.The maximum area under curve was 0. 539 (95% CI: 0. 493-0. 586) and there was no correlation between the FPG and GCT results(P=0. 057). (2) Relationship between early pregnancy FPG and abnormal FPG examined after 24 gestational weeks were also analyzed . The maximum area under curve was 0. 796(95% CI: 0. 672-0. 920). If 5. 05 mmol/L was taken as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity was 54. 5% and 83. 2%, respectively. There was significant relationship between the two values (r=0. 432, P=0. 000). (3) There were no relationship between early pregnancy FPG and the blood glucose value of 1, 2 and 3 h in 75 g OGTT (r=0. 093, 0. 036 and 0. 107, P=0.122, 0. 549 and 0. 074 respectively). OGTT 0 h value was positively related to OGTT 1, 2 and3 h glucose level (r=0.493, 0.421 and 0.368, P=0.000, respectively). (4) All early pregnant FPG values in this study were under 6.1 mmol/L. Twenty-two GDM and 27 GIGT patients were diagnosed in this study. Early pregnancy FPG did not relate to the GDM and GIGT diagnosis.Conclusions Early pregnancy FPG could not replace 50 g GCT as an early screening for glucose metabolic abnormality in pregnancy, but FPG during early pregnancy is necessary.

Septic cardiac dysfunction is very common in children with sever sepsis and septic shock, and the diagnosis mainly depends on echocardiography.In this article, we reviewed the diagnosis of septic cardiac dysfunction and its relation with prognosis.Meanwhile,we showed the hot spot and controversy on potential mechanisms of septic cardiomyopathy.

Neuromuscular blocking agents have been used for a variety of clinical conditions such as emergency intubation,acute respiratory distress syndrome,status asthmaticus,elevated intracranial pressure,etc.Neuromuscular blocking agents should be used and monitored appropriately according to evidence-based guidelines to reduce the adverse events associated with the use of neuromuscular blocking agents.

Objective As the diagnosis criteria of sepsis,the systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) has the predictive effect on severe infection.Groups abroad have reported that SIRS criteria is not suitable for the severe infection in emergency room.This article aimed at discussing whether the SIRS criteria and C-reactive protein(CRP) are suitable for the prediction of severe infection in our country.Methods We collected the patients in fever(T>37.5℃)arriving at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from October to December in 2015 and recorded the symptoms,signs and treatments,then we discussed the sensitivity and specificity of SIRS criteria in evaluating the severe inflammation.Results Three hundred and ninty-two patients met the SIRS criteria out of 784 patients involved,and 9 of them were in hospital,SIRS criteria had no relevance with the treatments(χ2=4.714,P=0.194),which showed that the SIRS criteria had low sensitivity and specificity in evaluating the severe infection.Taking CRP>8mg/L as unusual,363 patients had abnormal CRP,216 of them met the SIRS and 9 of them were in hospstal.CRP had relevance with the treatment of patients in fever(χ2=46.750,P<0.01),and SIRS combined with CRP had statistics meaning in choosing treatment of infectious patients(χ2=41.783,P<0.01).Conclusion SIRS may fail to diagnose the severe infection.But SIRS criteria combined with CRP has the predictitive effect on infection in pediatric emergency room to a certain extent.

Gut-origin sepsis is paid more attention recently.Gut has become an important origin of sepsis for its full of bacteria and toxin and the role in immune regulation,which is hidden in infants and young children.We rarely diagnose gut-origin sepsis deliberately in clinic,but just as a source of infection.In this article,we discussed the pathogenesis including some debated problems and progress of treatment by literature review,hope to help clinicians improve the ability to diagnose and treat gut-origin sepsis.

Probiotics have been defined as living microorganisms exert beneficial effects on the health of the host,which can be effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract,respiratory tract infections and allergic diseases.Although it is currently mainly used for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections,there are also studies have shown that probiotics have inhibitory effects on parasites infection.Therefore,probiotics will provide a new way for the prevention and treatment of parasites.

Detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae infections is essential to diagnosis and initiate appropriate antibiotic therapy.Laboratory detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae includes culture, nonamplified antigen detection, molecular-based methods(detection of DNA and RNA), serology and other new diagnostic methods.These relative methods, advantages, limitations and clinical utility are summarized in this review.

Mycoplasma pneumonia is the smallest free-living and self-replicating prokaryotic microbe being devoid of cell wall, which can not only lead to respiratory system diseases in human, but also play an important role in a wide variety of extrapulmonary diseases, involving cardiovascular, neurological, digestive, skin, hematological systems, and so on.However, the pathomechanisms of mycoplasma pneumonia-related extra-pulmonary diseases(MpEPDs) remain largely unknown.Yet there are three main possible pathomechanisms of mycoplasma pneumonia causing MpEPDs: direct type, immune type and vascular occlusion.They are connected with each other and cooperate on promoting MpEPDs, especially in children and the young.Comprehensive therapeutic strategies cover microbiology, immunology and anticoagulants, while supportive treatments are necessary.Most patients recover from MpEPDs have a favorable prognosis.

Objective To study newborns weight in singleton term births and the associationbetween newborns birth weight and mode of delivery in 3 hospitals.Methods From Jan.2005 to Dec.2009,13 963 singleton term live neonates born in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University First Hospital(PU group),6519 neonates in Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College (BMC group,)and 8725 neonates in Miyun Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Yanjing Medical College(MYC group)were enrolled in this retrospective study.The newborns weight and the rate of macrosomia was calculated and compared.Those newborns from PU group and MYC group were divided into 2288 neonates at macrosomia group and 20 400 neonates at non-macrosomia group,their mode of deliveries were analyzed.Results(1)The mean neonatal birth weight were(3386 ± 414)g at PU group,(3389 ± 446)g at BMC group and(3445 ± 449)g at MYC group.Neonates born weight in MYC was significantly higher than those from in PU group and BMC group(P =0.000).Neonates born weight in BMC showed higher than those in PU group,which did.not reached statistical difference(P =0.638).(2)The incidence of macrosomia were 7.935％(1108/13 963)in PU group,9.802％(639/6519)in BMU group and 13.524％(1180/8725)in MYU group.The incidence of macrosomia in MYC group was higher than those in PU and BMC group,the incidence of macrosomia in BMC group was higher than that in PU group,which reached statistically difference(P =0.000).(3)The proportion of cesarean delivery were 75.306％(1723/ 2288)at macrosomia group,50.765％(10 356/20 400)at non-macrosomia group,which showed statistical difference(P =0.000).Conclusions(1)The difference of newborns birth weight existed in different administrative level hospital.(2)The risk of cesarean delivery due to macrosomia is higher than that of nonmacrosomia.(3)Obstetricians should pay more attention to nutrition in gestation period to lessen the incidence of macrosomia and cesarean section.