OBJECTIVE:To provide clinicians with reliable basis about rational use of antibacterials. METHODS:The gram-negative bacilli isolated clinically in our hospital from 2001 to 2008 and their drug resistance were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:A total of 14 428 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 2001 to 2008,of which,9 391 strains (65.1%) were gram-negative bacilli,leading the list were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter,and the detected rate of Acinetobacter baumannii increased year by year. Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to commonly used antibacterials more or less,with their resistance rates to ampicillin on the high side,but their resistance rates to imipenem,pipercillin/tazobactam and amikacin were low. CONCLUSION:The composition of clinically isolated Gram-negative bacilli and their drug resistance patterns were always in a change,therefore,clinicians should familiarize with this change as well as the change of drug resistance and improve their level of rational use of antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the category and drug resistance of clinically isolated gram-positive bacterium(G+)in our hospital. METHODS:The category and drug resistance of clinically isolated gram-positive bacterium(G+)in our hospital in the recent five years were surveyed and analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:Of clinical isolated gram-positive bacterium(G+), Staphylococcus accounted for 65.47% and Enterococcus 20.24%. Majority of Staphylococcus were coagulase negative Staphylococcus,followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The most of Enterococcus were Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. The drug resistance rates of Staphylococcus to nitrofurantoin and ifampin reached low level and the sensitivity of Staphylococcus to vancomycin was 100%. There was difference between drug resistance of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. Vancomycin has better effect than other drugs on Enterococcus. CONCLUSIONS:Doctors must pay attention to the component and drug resistance of bacteria so as to improve the application of antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the pharmacological mechanism of the Chinese medicinal compound Qinggong Zhixue Granule (QGZXG), which has an effect of replenishing qi to activate blood and expelling stasis to stop bleeding, in treating irregular vaginal bleeding after medical abortion. METHODS: Healthy female KM mice and mice with immunodeficiency caused by cytoxan (CTX) were chosen as experimental subjects. The effects of QGZXG on the phagocytization of the mice's monocytes (by using the method of carbon particles expurgation), the delayed type hypersensitivity caused by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and the content of antibody of hemolysin in the mice's serum were observed. RESULTS: (1) QGZXG improved the ability of the liver and spleen of immunodeficient mice to expurgate carbon particles. There was an significant statistical difference between the CTX treated group and the low dose group as well as the high dose group (P < 0.01) and a statistical difference between the CTX treated group and the medium dose group (P < 0.05). (2) QGZXG boosted the cellular immunity of immunodeficient mice. The ear swelling of mice in low, medium and high dose group was more obvious than that in the CTX treated group, and this difference was significant in statistics (P < 0.01). (3) QGZXG raised the content of the antibody of hemolysin in the serum of immunodeficient mice. A statistical difference occurred between the high dose group and the CTX treated group. The low and medium dose also had a tendency of such effect. CONCLUSION: QGZXG can improve both the specific and non-specific immunity of the immunodeficient mice, and therefore accelerate the recovery of the whole body and endometrium after parturition and abortion. In consequence, it leads to shorter duration and less quantity of vaginal bleeding after medical abortion.

Objective To investigate obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in patients with aortic dissection (AD). Methods Questionnaire analysis was applied to patients with or without AD according to Berlin questionnaire. Questionnaires were collected and common characters and related symptoms were compared between the two groups. Further comparison on related symptoms was made between the AD group and hypertensive patients in the control group. Results Totally 70 questionnaires were collected with 33 for the AD group (29 males and 4 females) and 37 for the control (29 males and 8 females). The average age (P ＜0.05) was 50.9 years for the AD group (range 32 to 70) and 53.4 years for the control (range 25 to 83). Snoring occurred in 29 AD patients (87. 88% ) and in 22 control patients (59. 46% ) (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Snoring everyday occurred in 19 AD patients (57. 58% ) and in 12 controls (32.43%) (P ＜0.05). Loud snoring was reported from 23 AD patients (69.70%) and 10 controls (27.03%) (P ＜0. 05). Apnea occurred in 15 AD patients (45. 45% ) and 8 controls (21.62%) ( P ＜0. 05). Apnea nearly everyday occurred in 9 AD patients ( 27.27% ) and 5 controls ( 13. 51% ) ( P ＜0. 05). Fatigue after sleep occurred in 23 AD patients (69. 70% ) and 15 controls (40. 54% ) (P ＜0. 05).Fatigue nearly everyday after sleep occurred in 10 AD patients (30. 30% ) and 6 controls ( 16. 22% ) ( P ＜0. 05). Hypertension was found in 28 AD patients ( 84. 85% ) and 20 controls ( 54. 05% ) ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).The average age of hypertensive control were 62 ± 16, greater than that of AD group (P ＜0. 05). In the 20 hypertensive control patients, loud snoring in 7 (35%), lessen than that of AD group (P ＜0.05).Compared with hypertensive controls, AD patients had greater body length ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) and lesser waist-tohip ration (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions Compared with normal control, OSAS is more common in AD patients.

Objective To evaluate a model of management for chronic pain disease coordinated community health services and district hospital. Methods The epidemiology of chronic pain disease was surveyed in Haotao community of Zhongshan, before and after the establishment of the model of management. Results The prevalence rate of chronic pain disease was 51.83%, in which it was 47.06% in men, and 57.32% in women. After the establishment of the model, the efficacy of good to excellent improved from 30.22% to 67.08%, the cost for medicine reduced 36.16%, time for rest reduced from 32.42 d to 15.25 d (P<0.05). Conclusion The model of management that coordinated community health services and district hospital, including demonstration diagnosis and treatment through internet, tele-consultations and health education, is effective on chronic pain disease.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of domestic oseltamivir in patients with influenza. Methods A randomized, single-blinded, controlled clinical trial was performed.Patients in the study group received domestic oseltamivir, while the patients in control group received foreign oseltamivir. The doses were both 75 mg every time, twice a day. The treatment durations in both groups were 5 days. Chi square test was performed to compare baseline characteristics and the difference of side effects. Paired t test was used to compare the efficacy. Results Two hundred and nine patients were enrolled in this study (98 cases in study group. 111 cases in control group). The trend in body temperature change was similar in the two groups (t = 0. 061, P>0. 05). The score of symptom severity decreased more quickly in patients treated with foreign oseltamivir compared to those treated with domestic oseltamivir during the period from 24 h to 48 h. However, the difference between the two groups diminished gradually and was not statistically significant at 72 h (t=0. 875,P>0. 05). The safety of the domestic and foreign oseltamivir were comparable(X2 = 0. 197,P>0. 05). Conclusion The domestic oseltamivir is as effective and safe as the foreign oseltamivir.

Objective To investigate the associations of single nucleotide polymorphism of ( SNP ) of rs77418916 and rs8108402 in miR-181 with the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE) in the Chinese population of Guangxi. Methods The lymphocyte sub-sets were analyzed by flow cytometry. The SNPs of miR-181 gene were detected by single nucleotide primer extension assay with SNaP-shot and DNA sequencing method. The relative expressions of miR-181a and miR-181c in mononuclear cells were detected by real time RT-quantitative PCR. Results The polymorphism of rs8108402 locus contained CC, CT and TT genotypes. The frequencies of CT and TT genotypes as well as the dominant and recessive model were different significantly between SLE group and control group ( CT vs CC:OR=1.50, 95％CI:1.03 to 2.19, P=0.033; TT vs CC: OR=2.65, 95％CI: 1.18 to 5.98, P=0.019; CC/CT vs TT: OR=2.23, 95％CI:1.01 to 4.93, P=0.048;TT/CT vs CC:OR=1.61, 95％CI:1.12 to 2.31, P=0.010) . The polymorphism of rs77418916 locus contain AA, AT and TT genotypes, but no association between rs77418916 polymorphism and susceptibility of SLE was found. The rel-ative expressions of miR-181a and miR-181c genes in SLE group were down-regulated compared with control group ( Z=-3. 22, P<0.01 and Z=-3.24, P<0.01, respectively) , and the patients carrying rs8108402 CT and TT genotype showed lower level of miR-181c compared with the patients carrying CC genotype (Z=-2.51, P<0.05). The absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and NK cells were decreased significantly in SLE group compared with that of control group ( P<0.01) . Conclusion The polymorphism of miR-181c rs8108402 may associate with the susceptibility of Chinese SLE patients in Guangxi region. The risk of SLE may increase in the individ-uals caring CT or TT genotype by decreasing the expression of miR-181c gene.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of BACs-on-Beads (BoBs) for the practice of prenatal diagnosis. METHODS: The results of chromosomal karyotyping and BoBs of 1773 prenatal samples were compared. Microdeletions and microduplications detected by BoBs were subjected to chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) with informed consent from patients. RESULTS: BoBs has detected 46 cases of common aneuploidies involving chromosomes 13, 18, and 21, and 16 cases involving X and Y chromosomes. For 4 fetuses with normal results by BoBs, karyotyping analysis of amniotic fluid sample suggested low percentage mosaicisms (< 20%). BoBs has detected none of the 9 common microdeletions, but 14 male fetuses with Xp22 microdeletions and 5 with other microdeletions/microduplications. In 10 cases, the couples had chosen CMA verification, and the results were all consistent. CONCLUSION As a rapid diagnostic technique, BoBs has a high accuracy for common aneuploidies, and is capable of discovering certain chromosome microdeletions and microduplications. The difficulty lies in the inability to detect low proportion mosaicisms and the consultation following detection for male fetuses carrying Xp22 microdeletions.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of autologous platelet separation (APS) in different time courses of cardiovascular surgery.Methods:The relevant data of 75 patients with cardiovascular surgery from September 2019 to August 2021 in Hunan Provincial Peoples′ Hospital were collected retrospectively. They were divided into two groups according to whether APS was used during the operation: group A used APS (37 cases) and group B did not use APS (38 cases). The two groups were divided into subgroups according to the length of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB): A1 and B1 were medium and short-term groups (CPB bypass time ≤200 min), and A2 and B2 were long-term groups (CPB bypass time >200 min). Blood routine, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative blood product infusion volume and thromboelastogram at different time points were recorded and compared.Results:The postoperative drainage volume, red blood cell infusion volume and ventilator assisted time in group A were less than those in group B (all P<0.05); The postoperative drainage volume [(645.79±205.25)ml vs (886.67±360.96)ml, P=0.006], erythrocyte infusion volume [(3.24±2.53)U vs (4.77±1.97)U, P=0.016], platelet infusion volume [0.00(0.00, 0.00)U vs 1.00(0.125, 2.00)U, P=0.002] and thromboelastogram coagulation reaction time [(7.38±1.74)min vs (9.09±3.57)min, P=0.047] in group A2 were significantly better than those in group B2 (all P<0.05); There were no significant difference in the above indexes between A1 and B1 group (all P>0.05). Conclusions:APS can improve the coagulation function of patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and reduce the amount of bleeding and blood products. Its protective effect is more prominent in high-risk cardiovascular surgery with long cardiopulmonary bypass and complex operation.