OBJECTIVE To analyze the cleaning and disinfecting effect of digestive endoscope by the Mall disinfection center for endoscopes.METHODS Fifty-six pieces of endoscopes were cleaned and disinfected by the Mall disinfection center,and checked randomly. An other 50 endoscopes were treated as control group.All pieces were taken the biological inspection.RESULTS The qualification rate of lumen disinfection was 100% in test group,and 92% in control group(P

OBJECTIVE To enhance the standardized management for cleaning and disinfection of endoscope,and prevent hospital infection due to endoscope examination and treatment.METHODS The main measured were established and consummated the system,increased the investment of facilities,strengthened personal training and standardized the cleaning and disinfection work procedures.RESULTS The endoscopes after disinfection were all reached the standards.CONCLUSIONS The standardized management for cleaning and disinfection of endoscope is the assurance for the endoscope sterilization reaching the standards.

OBJECTIVE:To study the therapeutic effect of granisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) under patient controlled analgesia(PCA) and to observe the influence of infusion rate of granisetron on blood circulation during operation METHODS: 90 selective surgical patients were divided into 3 groups A group(control):ondonsetron 8mg;B group:tropiestron 3mg; C group:granisetron 3mg The solutions of granisetron hydrochloride were infusied at 20,30,40,50 and 60 min before the end of operation The change of the circulation condition and the status of nausea and vomiting were observed at infusion period and 4,8,12,24hs,2d and 3d postoperatively RESULTS:Under expansion of blood volume,if infusion duration was longer than 20 min for granisetron,the circulation condition(MAP,HR) were not affected during infusion period and no headache was found There were significant differences in PONV between group A and group B(P

Objective: The serotype screening of Shigella flexneri from 1934 to 1965 preserved by the National Center for Medical Culture Collections was carried out, and the molecular characteristics of the serotype conversion strains were studied. Methods: Serotyping of Shigella flexneri in this study was conducted by slide agglutination and multiplex PCR, respectively. The gtrⅡ gene sequence alignment and pulsed field gel electrophoresis typing were performed on the serotype conversion strains. Results: Among the 255 strains of Shigella flexneri preserved in CMCC (B) from 1934 to 1965, 79 were carrying gtrⅡ gene, of which 19 strains and 1 strain were agglutinated with the Y serotype and X serotype, respectively, and furthermore, the multiplex PCR assays results showed serotypes 2a and 2b, respectively, and the strains were considered to have serotype conversion. The 20 strains carrying the gtrⅡ gene showed multiple nucleotide mutations. Besides 3 strains of 3 amino acid mutations, the amino acid sequences of the other 17 strains showed a stop codon in advance, resulting in functional inactivation of gtrⅡ. PFGE analysis revealed that the similarity between the serotype Y strain carrying the gtrⅡ gene and the serotype 2a strain was 75.8%-100%, and the similarity between the serotype X strain carrying the gtrⅡ gene and the serotype 2b strain was 81.6%-100%. Conclusion Mutations in the gtrⅡ gene are more complicated in serotype-transforming Shigella flexneri serotype Y or X strains. Molecular typing suggests that the serotype-transforming Shigella flexneri serotype Y or X strains may be derived from the Shigella flexneri serotype 2a or 2b, and advance the serotype conversion to 1949.

Arabidopsis BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1) is a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase acting early in multiple signaling pathways important for plant growth and innate immunity. It is known to form a signaling complex with a cell-surface receptor FLS2 and a co-receptor kinase BAK1 to transduce signals upon perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Although site-specific phosphorylation is speculated to mediate the activation and function of BIK1, few studies have been devoted to complete profiling of BIK1 phosphorylation residues. Here, we identified nineteen in vitro autophosphorylation sites of BIK1 including three phosphotyrosine sites, thereby proving BIK1 is a dual-specificity kinase for the first time. The kinase activity of BIK1 substitution mutants were explicitly assessed using quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). Thr-237, Thr-242 and Tyr-250 were found to most significantly affect BIK1 activity in autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of BAK1 in vitro. A structural model of BIK1 was built to further illustrate the molecular functions of specific phosphorylation residues. We also mapped new sites of FLS2 phosphorylation by BIK1, which are different from those by BAK1. These in vitro results could provide new hypotheses for more in-depth in vivo studies leading to deeper understanding of how phosphorylation contributes to BIK1 activation and mediates downstream signaling specificity.
Amino Acids ; chemistry ; Arabidopsis ; enzymology ; Arabidopsis Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Immunity, Innate ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Signal Transduction ; Threonine ; genetics