BACKGROUND: Previous studies have proved that stress can affect immunity function and disturb homeostasis of bodies. Moderate exercise can alleviate the psychological stress reaction to some degree.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of moderate exercise on lymphocyte number in spleen and mesenteric lymph nod,interferon-y (IFN-γ) and interleukine-4(IL-4) level in serum, as well as Th1/Th2 balance in rats under chronic psychological stress.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized control animal experiment was carried out in the laboratory of Sports Human Science in Chengdu Sports University from May to October in 2007.MATERIALS: A total of 40 healthy male SD rats were divided by random digits table into 4 groups: control group, psychological stress group, exercise group and exercise+psychological stress group, with 10 ones in each group.METHODS: Before experiment, rats in exercise group and exercise+psychological stress group underwent 3 days of adaptive swimming training, 30 min/(t·d). During experiment, they were made swimming with no weight loading for 8 weeks, 60 min/(t·d).From day 2 post exercise on, rats in exercise+psychological stress group began to undergo the 21 days of chronic restraint stress,6 hours per day. At the same time, the chronic restraint stress models were established in the psychological stress group. Rats in the exercise group were fed for 22 days since the 8~(th) day of exercise ended. Rats in the control group were only fed without any intervention.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The lymphocyte number in spleen and mesenteric lymph node was measured, and ELISA was employed to measure IFN-y and IL-4 levels as well as the ratio of IFN-y/IL-4 in serum.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the lymphocyte number, the level of IFN-y and the ratio of IFN-y/IL-4 were significantly decreased in psychological stress group (P < 0.01 ), and the Thlf'rh2 balance was broken. Compared with the psychological group, the exercise+psychological stress group had got significantly higher lymphocyte number, IFN-γ level and ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 (P<0.05). The lymphocyte number in spleen and mesenteric lymph node in the exercise group showed not a difference of significance compared with the control group, but a tendency towards going up. There was no difference of significance in IFN-γ level and ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 among the exercise+psychological stress group, the exercise group and the control group.CONCLUSION: Moderate exercise can increase lymphocyte number in spleen and mesenteric lymph node significantly,up-regulate the IFN-γ level so as to regulate the disbalance of Th1/Th2, and maintain immunity homeostasis.

Adult ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Primary Myelofibrosis ; surgery ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods

Humans ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Objective To explore the effects of Tianqijiangtang capsule combined with Metformin on the levels of IL‐6 ,TNF‐α and C‐RP protein in patients with T2DM. Methods 80 T2DM were randomized into control group (treatment with Metformin ,n= 40) and treatment group (treatment with Tianqijiangtang in combination with Metformin ,n=40). The changes of levels of IL‐6 ,TNF‐α and C‐RP were observed before and after the treatment. Results Compared to the pretreatment in the same group and after treatment in control group ,IL‐6 ,TNF‐αand C‐RP of treatment group were reduced significantly [(6.79 ± 0.60) ,(7.15 ± 0.62) vs (5.08 ± 0.43)pg/ml;(8.94 ± 0.55) ,(8.61 ± 0.66) vs (5.18 ± 0.45) pg/ml;(6.79 ± 0.60) ,(6.58 ± 0.59) vs (5.56 ± 0.30) mg/L ,P<0.01]. Conclusion Tianqijiangtang capsule combined with Metformin can decrease the levels of IL‐6 ,TNF‐αand C‐RP in T2DM patients.

Objective To investigate the expression feature of hypoxia inducing factor-1α (HIF-1α) in rats' ovary under simulated weightlessness. Methods Sixty adult female Wistar rats, weight 200±20g, were randomly divided into 10 groups (6 each): a control group without simulating weightlessness, and experimental groups underwent tail suspension for 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21-day, respectively. The HIF-1α expression in rats' ovaries was assessed by immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR assay. Results Positively stained HIF-1α was observed as brown particle in follicular oocytes, granulosa cells and thecal cells of rat ovaries in both experimental and control groups. The positively stained HIF-1α granules mainly located in the cytoplasm of ovarian cells in control group, while in tail-suspension 0.25-day and 0.5-day groups, the granules transferred from cytoplasm to nucleus of follicular oocytes, granulosa cells and thecal cells. The expression level in tail-suspension 1-day group was similar to that in control group, and the staining of nuclei disappeared. The expression level of HIF-1α mRNA was significantly higher in tail-suspension 0.25-day and 0.5-day groups than that in control group (P<0.05). One day after tail-suspension, the expression levels of both HIF-1α protein and HIF-1α mRNA gradually recovered to that of control group. Conclusion The simulated weightlessness by tail-suspension, serving as a kind of stress, may increase the expression of both HIF-1α protein and HIF-1α mRNA in rat ovary during the early period, implying that a close correlation between the HIF-1α expression in rats' ovary and the weightlessness stress tolerance.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,peripheral insulin sensitivity,and β-cell function in patients with ketosis-prone diabetes(KPD).Methods Thirty-one patients with newly diagnosed ketosisprone diabetes were admitted to West China Hospital from January 2004 to December 2009.They were divided into 2 groups according to their body mass index (BMI):OB-KPD (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2,n =22) and Lean-KPD (BMI ＜ 23 kg/m2,n =9).10 patients with newly-onset type 2 diabetes free from ketosis (OB-DM:BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2,n =10) were enlisted as control.Detailed assessments of medical history and symptoms of hyperglycemia were performed.The islet cell antibody (ICA),insulin autoantibody (IAA),anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab),fasting plasma glucose,serum insulin,C-peptide and free fat acids concentrations were measured.All of the subjects underwent oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests,euglycemic-hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia clamp test,to evaluate the insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity respectively.Insulin sensitivity was determined by glucose disposal rate (GDR) of steady state during euglycemic clamp and acute insulin secretion was calculated by insulin area under curve(AUCins 0-10 min) during IVGTT.Maximal insulin secretion was determined by glucose infusion rate (GIR) and serum insulin concentration of steady state during hyperglycemic clamp test.Results Age,sex,duration of diabetes were matched among groups.A family history of diabetes was strongly associated with those patients with obesity,compared with lean ketosis prone diabetes(16/22 vs 1/9).GDR was (4.91 ± 1.82) mg · kg 1 · min-1 in subjects with OB-KPD,being lower than that in Lean-KPD patients[(6.26 ± 1.89) mg · kg 1 · min-1] and OB-DM group[(6.78-± 1.69) mg · kg 1 · min-1,P＜0.01].Serum insulin and C-peptide in OB-KPD patients were higher than Lean-KPD patients.Area under the insulin curve [AUCins0-10min (183.86 ± 31.1) mIU/L] and GIR[(2.65 ±1.53) mg · kg-1 · min-1] in OB-KPD patients were lower than those in OB-DM group[(697.06-± 231.9) mIU/L,(6.53 ± 2.21)mg · kg 1 · min-1,P＜0.0 1],but slightly higher than the Lean-KPD group [AUCins0 10min (92.1 ±29.8) mUU/L,GIR (2.55 ± 1.49) mg · kg 1 · min-1,P＜0.05].Glucose disposal rate (GDR) was strongly associated with casual plasma glucose (r =-0.502,P＜0.01),HbA1C(r =-0.553,P＜0.0 1) and FFA eoneentrations (r=-0.504,P＜0.01) on admission.Conclusions Insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction coexist in all KPD patients.OB-KPD patients exhibit more severe insulin resistance,while Lean-KPD patients have lower insulin secretion.KPD patients had severe hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and high plasma FFA levels on admission,suggesting that hyperglycemia and elevated FFA levels could result in serious insulin resistance,β-cell dysfunction,and diabetic ketosis in patients with KPD.

The bioactivity of a working reference standard was determined by replicate bioassays with calibration against a primary reference standard. In this study the number of bioassay replicates needed for calibration first was calculated theoretically, and if the mean value of the experimental bioassay replicates fell within the predefined bioactivity level the bioactivity of the working reference was defined as 100%. Our results showed that when the total intermediate precision of the bioassay method was at 11.66% and the predefined bioactivity level was set at 95%-105% with a confidence level of 95%, 21 bioassay replicates should be carried out for calibration. The average value of the 22 experimental bioassay replicates was 101.96%, so the bioactivity of the working reference standard was consistent with that of the primary reference standard at 100%. The results suggest that a strategy of first calculating the number of bioassay replicates needed for calibration and then determining whether the resulting experimental mean value is within the predefined bioactivity level will be of value to the biopharmaceutical industry.

Objective: Clone, express and purify human recombinant calreticulin (CRT). Methods: Human CRT cDNA was amplified from total RNA of human lung cancer cell line A549 cells by RT-PCR. Then, PCR product was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-15b. After sequencing, this recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli. Rossetta. Recombinant CRT was expressed in host cells by IPTG induction. Resulted protein was purified by Ni-NTA resin under denature condition and dialyzed to recover its native structure. SDS-PAGE and Western blot method were used to identify the expression and purification of reconbinant CRT. Results: Human CRT cDNA was cloned from total RNA of A549 cells. CRT prokaryotic expression vector pET-15b-crt was constructed. Reconbinant CRT was induced to express in E.coli and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatograph. Conclusion: A method for prokaryotic expression and purification of human recombinant CRT was successfully established. This method laid a foundation for the subsequent CRT research.

0.05).However,HCT2s of right side and left side were significantly negatively correlated to age(r=-0.606,-0.522;P=0.000,0.000).Conclusion HCT2s in healthy Chinese aged 10~59 year measured on SE dual echo images are quite stable,and age is an influencing factor of HCT2,but not side,sex and handedness.

Objective To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation(HBO)therapy on serum con- centrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(slCAM-1),soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(sV- CAM-1),soluble E-selectin(sE-selectin)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)in patients with aeute cerebral infarction and their clinical implications.Methods One hundred and twelve cases of cerehral infarction in the ca- rotid artery system were assigned into two groups.Patients in the routine treatment group(RT group,n=62)were treated with routine clinical treatment regime,whereas those in the HBO group(n=50)were treated with H BO ther- apy in additioo to routine clinical treatment.Thirty age- and sex-matched normal subjects were recruited and served as controls.The serum concentrations of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,sE-selectin and MMP-9 were measured hy using ELISA method before and 10 days after treatment.The assessment of neurological deficits using National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score was conducted before treatment,and at 10 and 30 days after treatment,and the therapeutic efficacy was evaluated.Results The concentrations of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,sE-selectin and MMP-9 of the patients were significantly higher than those of the control subjects.These parameters were all decreased signifi- cantly after treatment in the two patient groups.Moreover,these parameters were lower in the HBO group than those in the RT group after treatment.The NIHSS scores of HBO group were significantly lower than that of the RT group at the 30th clay post-treatment.The effective rate of HBO group was higher than that of RT group.Conclusion HBO therapy can decrease the serum levels of sICAM-1,sVCAM-1,sE-seleetin and MMP-9,which might be one of the mechanisms of HBO in the treatment of cerebral infarction.