Objective To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on traumatized cerebral neurons and investigate its mechanism in attenuating cerebral damage.Methods Seventy-two rats were randomly assigned to a control group,a traumatic brain injury group or a traumatic brain injury group treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Each group was observed 1,7 and 24 days after the operation.TUNEL was used to examine the distribution of apop- tosis cells.An immunohistoehemical method was used to examine the distribution of Bcl-2 and Bax immunoreactive- positive cells in the brain tissues.Results The average percentages of both apoptosis cells and Bcl-2 immunoreac- tive-positive cells were lower in the CAl region of the traumatized brains treated with hyperbaric oxygen than in those of the traumatic injury group at each time of observation.A significant difference in Bax immunoreactive-positive cells between the two groups was also observed.Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can significantly protect neurons against traumatic brain injury and modulate the expression of the apoptosis related genes Bcl-2 and Bax.This may ex- plain the protective mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in treating traumatic brain injury.

Compartment Syndromes ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing ; complications

0.05).At the eighth week of training and after ceasing the cognitive training for 4 weeks the NCSE scores and the FIM scores were improved in both groups,espeeially in the cognitive training group(P

Objective To compare the local control (LC), long-term overall survival (OS), and clinical adverse reactions in esophageal carcinoma patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy at different radiotherapy doses.Methods A total of 373 esophageal carcinoma patients who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy in our hospital during 2004-2013 were included in this retrospective study.These patients were divided into<60 Gy group (n=99), 60 Gy group (n=155), and>60 Gy group (n=119) based on the dose of radiation.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate LC and OS rates;the log-rank test was used for survival comparison and univariate prognostic analysis;the Cox model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.Results The 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year sample sizes were 97,96,56, and 38 in the<60 Gy group, 146,141,72, and 17 in the 60 Gy group, and 118,115,56, and 20 in the>60 Gy group.The 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year LC rates were 55.3%, 51.4%, 48.9%, and 48.9% in the<60 Gy group, 65.1%, 60.1%, 55.1%, and 55.1% in the 60 Gy group, and 49.4%, 45.1%, 37.7%, and 37.7%(8-year) in the>60 Gy group (P=0.020).The 3-, 5-, 7-, and 10-year OS rates were 35.4%, 26.1%, 22.0%, and 22.0% in the<60 Gy group, 49.0%, 41.3%, 32.1%, and 28.9% in the 60 Gy group, and 31.1%, 25.2%, 14.5%, and 12.9%(8-year) in the>60 Gy group (P=0.000).The univariate analysis showed that for stage Ⅱ esophageal carcinoma patients with gross tumor volume (GTV) ≤44 cm3, the LC rate was higher in the 60 Gy group than in the<60 Gy group (P=0.040,0.035), and the OS rate was higher in the 60 Gy group than in the other two groups (P=0.001,0.003 and P=0.045,0.006).Similarly, for stage Ⅲ esophageal carcinoma patients with GTV>44 cm3, the LC rate was higher in the 60 Gy than in the>60 Gy group (P=0.011,0.015), and the OS rate was higher in the 60 Gy group than in the other two groups (P=0.045,0.006 and P=0.033,0.002).The incidence rates of acute radiation esophagitis and radiation pneumonia were significantly higher in the>60 Gy group than in the other two group (P=0.007,0.033).Furthermore, the multivariate analysis indicated that radiotherapy dose, T stage, and N stage were independent prognostic factors for esophageal carcinoma (P=0.004,0.008,0.037).Conclusions Concurrent chemoradiotherapy at 60 Gy is most efficacious for patients with esophageal carcinoma, and the radiotherapy dose of>60 Gy significantly increases the incidence of adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate the effects of integrin β1 gene expression inhibited by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) on invasion of pancreatic carcinoma PANC1 cells in vitro,and investigate the mechanism.Methods The eukaryotic expression plasmid of shRNA targeting integrin β1 gene ( integrin β1 shRNA) and control eukaryotic expression plasmid shRNA (c-shRNA) was constructed and was transfected into PANC1 cells.The cells without plasmid transfection were used as control.The expressions of integrinβ1,MMP 2,MMP 9 mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.The invasive ability of PANC1 cells was observed with Transwell cell culture chamber.Results Integrinβ1 mRNA expressions in integrinβ1 shRNA group,c-shRNA group and control group were 0.0029 ± 0.0004,0.0131 ± 0.0009,0.0138 ± 0.0005 ; the expressions of integrinβ1 protein were 0.0159 ± 0.0062,0.3215 ± 0.0126,0.3107 ±0.0094; the inhibitory rate of integrinβ1 mRNA and protein expression in integrinβ1 shRNA group was (78.6 ±7.2 ) ％ and (92.9 ± 3.2) ％ ( P ＜ 0.01 ).But there was no difference between the c-shRNA group and control group (P =0.2999).Number of penetrating cells in integrinβ1 shRNA group decreased from 52 ±5 to 21 ±4( P ＜ 0.01 ) ; the expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9 mRNA decreased from 0.592 ± 0.073,0.847 ± 0.069 to 0.102 ± 0.034,0.273 ± 0.071 ; the expression of M MP2 and MMP 9 protein decreased from 0.225 ± 0.046,0.416 ±0.081 to 0.059 ±0.013,0.106 ±0.022(P ＜0.05).Conclusions Recombinant integrinβ1 shRNA expression plasmid can effectively inhibit the expression of integrinβ1 gene and suppress the invasion of PANC1 cells in vitro by down-regulating MMP 2 and MMP 9 gene expression.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of external bracket fixation in the treat- ment of complex tibia diaphysis fracture involving intra-articular fractures.Methods Forty-two cases of complex tibia diaphysis fracture with proximal and distal intra-articular fractures treated surgically in our hospital from January 1999 to January 2004 were analyzed.The complex tibia diaphysis fractures were categorized according to the AO classification as type C2 (multiple segments fracture) and type C3 (ir- regular fracture),proximal and distal intra-articular fractures in 23 and 19 cases,respectively.Definite operation was done within one week.Twenty-two cases were treated with simple external fixator,and 20 cases treated with screws and external fixator.Results All the 42 cases were followed-up regularly. According to AO evaluation of the knee and ankle joint movement,83% (35/42 cases) of the cases gained satisfactory functional outcome,14% (6/42 cases) had quite satisfactory results and 2% (1/42 case) had unsatisfactory functional outcome.Conclusion External bracket fixation can obtain outcome of relative length of the tibia and fibula,tube structure reconstruction,smoothness of the articular surface and the parallel and symmetric relation of knees and ankles for complex tibia diaphysis fracture with proxi- mal and distal intra-articular fracture.The arthritis resulting in pain in movement and restriction of func- tion is considered to be the most important factor affecting the joint function.Early functional exercise is important for best recovery of knee and ankle function.

OBJECTIVETo compaire results of recombinant virus assay and live virus assay on evaluateing anti-HIV-1 drugs.

METHODSThe pseudoviruse was generated by cotransfection of the plasmid B01 containing gp160 genes and pSG3 delta env plasmid. After co-incubation of pseudovirus with serially diluted drug, the EC50 and ED50 were calculated according to RLU(relative light unit) for each drug. After co-incubation of live virus with serially diluted drug, the EC50 was calculated according to cytopathic effect.

RESULTSEC50 of IDV measured by the recombinant virus assay and live virus assay was 88.9 nmol/L, 89.5 nmol/L, respectively, while EC50 of NVP measured by the recombinant virus assay and live virus assay was 0.36 micromol/L, 0.23 micromol/L, respectively. The recombinant virus assay showed good reproducibility with coefficient variation of 0, however coefficient variation of live virus assay reached to 60%. ED50 of IDV and NVP measured by the recombinant virus assay were 70.6 nmol/L and 0.62 micromol/L, respectively. Coefficient variations for IDV and NVP were 14.3% and 9.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe pseudoviruses could be used in evaluating anti-HIV-1 drugs. The recombinant virus assay showed good reproducibility and could calculate not only the EC50 but also the ED50 of drugs.

Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Drug Evaluation ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Recombination, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo establish a national reference panel for HIV RNA diagnostic reagents.

METHODSSera from patients with HIV infection and healthy blood donors were collected and tested for HIV and HCV antibodies and HBsAg by using ELISA. The HIV antibody positive samples with ELISA were confirmed with HIV Blot 2.2 (Genelabs). The quantitative samples for HIV RNA were calibrated with the WHO HIV RNA standard. The stability of the panel was evaluated with acceleration method.

RESULTSAfter screening and calibration, 8 negative samples, 8 positive samples, 3 quantitative samples, 6 sensitivity samples and 5 samples for linear analysis were composed of the national reference panel for HIV RNA. The convinced international units (IU) for the quantitative samples were obtained by seven independent calibration and the logarithm of international units for the quantitative samples (b1-b3) were less than x +/- s. The results showed that this panel may stabilize for 4 days at 4 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONA national reference panel for HIV RNA reagents has been established. It may provide the basis for evaluating HIV RNA diagnostic reagents.

Blood Donors ; Calibration ; Drug Stability ; HIV Antibodies ; blood ; HIV Infections ; blood ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; blood ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; standards ; RNA, Viral ; standards ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDTo investigate the sensitivity and specificity of Procleix HIV/HCV RNA diagnostic assay.

METHODSHIV antibody positive or suspected positive plasmas of blood donors were collected from different provinces and detected with HIV antibody ELISA and HCV antibody ELISA. Samples positive for HIV by ELISA were confirmed by using HIV Blot. All the plasma samples were detected with Procleix HIV/HCV assay, HIV-1 discriminatory assay and HCV discriminatory assay, respectively.

RESULTSAll 74 samples positive for both HIV and HCV antibody were positive and 5 samples negative for both HIV and HCV antibody were negative when detected using Procleix HIV/HCV assay; 82 of 84 supplemental HIV antibody positive samples and 6 of 12 supplemental indeterminate samples were positive for HIV RNA, and all 7 HIV antibody negative samples were negative for HIV RNA when detected by using Procleix HIV discriminatory assay. Seventy of 81 HCV antibody positive samples and 4 of 22 HCV antibody negative samples were positive for HCV RNA when detected by using Procleix HCV discriminatory assay.

CONCLUSIONThis reagent is more sensitive and could be used in blood screening, thereby can reduce both HIV and HCV transmission of blood in window period of HIV and HCV infection.

Blood Donors ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; virology ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVETo investigate hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection among pigs in Henan province.

METHODSA total of 623 swine sera, collected from 5 districts, were divided into two groups, under 3-month of age and over 3-month of age. They were tested for HEV antigen and antibody by using ELISAs, respectively. The sera positive for HEV antigen were tested for HEV RNA with RT-PCR. The positive products of RT-PCR were cloned and sequenced.

RESULTSThe positive rates of anti-HEV antibody of the groups under 3-month and over 3-month of age were 90.27% and 92.55%, respectively, without statistical difference, while those of HEV antigen were 15.93% and 5.69%, respectively, with significant difference. The positive rates of anti-HEV antibody and HEV antigen were significantly different among different districts. HEV RNA was detectable in 5 of 47 HEV antigen positive samples. The sequence analysis showed that in 4 of 5 specimens the sequence belonged to genotype 4 while in the remaining one the sequence was genotype 1.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence rate of HEV infection in pigs was high in Henan province and the rate differed in different districts.

Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; immunology ; Antigens, Viral ; analysis ; immunology ; China ; Genotype ; Hepatitis E ; epidemiology ; immunology ; veterinary ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Swine ; virology ; Swine Diseases ; epidemiology ; immunology ; virology