Hepatic echinococcosis is a worldwide parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus.It divided into two parts,cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis.Surgical operation is the main treatment method and with huge trauma and risk.The treatment methods for hepatic echinococcosis became diverse with the development of minimally invasive treatment.High intensity focused ultrasound is an effective and safety treatment method for hepatic echinococosis.This paper introduced high intensity focused ultrasound treatment therapy in hepatic hydatid disease systematically.Introduced the principle,safety and efficacy,indications and therapeutic advantages,complications and shortcomings,through these aspects we could know about high intensity focused ultrasound treat for hepatic echinococcosis clearly.This paper introduced the prospect of high intensity focused ultrasound treatment in hepatic echinococcosis and affirmed the therapeutic value about it.This paper introduced a new method of minimally hvasive treatment,which is helpful for clinical treatment.

Objective To systematically evaluate the postoperative pancreatic fistula rate,overall postoperative morbidity rate,overall postoperative mortality rate and length of stay in external stent group versus no stent group for pancreaticcoduodenectomy.Methods The Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase and CBM data bases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that compared the effectiveness of external stent versus no stent for pancreaticcoduodenectany.Meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan 5.2.Results Four trials with 416 patients comparing external stent with no stent were included,the external stent group with 207 patients and the no stent group with 209 patients.The Meta-analysis revealed that,compared the external stent group with the no stent group,the rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula was significantly reduced in the external stent group [RR =0.57,95％ CI(0.41,0.80),P =0.001],especially for the patinets of pancreatic diameter ≤ 3.0 mm[RR =0.55,95 ％ CI(0.37,0.82),P =0.003] and soft pancreatic [RR =0.67,95 ％ CI(0.45,0.99),P =0.040],the overall postoperative morbidity rate of external stent group versus.no stent group was reduced[RR =0.79,95 ％ CI (0.64,0.98),P =0.030],and length of stay was shortened [WMD =-3.98,95％ CI(-6.42,-1.54),P =0.001].There was no difference between the two groups regarding the postoperative pancreatic fistula rate of diameter ＞ 3.0 mm [RR =0.37,95 ％ CI(0.08,1.83),P =0.220],and the overall postoperative mortality rate [RR =0.86,95 ％ CI(0.28,2.65),P =0.800].Conclusions Exental stent significantly reduced the postoperative pancreatic fistula rate and overall postoperative morbidity rate 、shortened the length of stay,and thus it can be identified as a preferable option for Pancreaticcoduodenectomy.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the surgical effect in duct-to-mucosa and invagination groups of pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase and CBM data bases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that compared the postoperative pancreatic fistula, mortality, incidence of complications, delayed gastric emptying, postoperative haemorrhage, infection, reoperate rate, postoperative hospital stay of duct-to-mucosa and invagination for pancreaticcoduodenectomy. Meta-analysis was performed using the software RevMan 5.3. Results: Nine trials with 1 163 patients comparing the duct-to-mucosa group with invagination group were included, the duct-to-mucosa group with 579 patients and the invagination group with 584 patients. The meta-analysis revealed that, compared the duct-to-mucosa group with the invagination group, the rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula was not significantly reduced (RR=1.13, 95%CI: 0.88-1.45, P=0.34), there was no significant difference between the two group. To systematically evaluate the total mortality (RR=0.80, 95%CI: 0.42-1.52, P=0.49), incidence of complications (RR=1.04, 95%CI: 0.88-1.24, P=0.63), delayed gastric emptying (RR=1.26, 95%CI: 0.90-1.76, P=0.18), postoperative haemorrhage (RR=0.86, 95%CI: 0.51-1.44, P=0.57), postoperative infection (RR=1.20, 95%CI: 0.86-1.69, P=0.29), reoperate rate (RR=1.05, 95%CI: 0.62-1.78, P=0.84), postoperative hospital stay (WMD=-1.36, 95%CI: -2.91-0.20, P=0.09) in duct-to-mucosa and invagination groups. There was no significant difference between the two group. Conclusions There was no significant difference of postoperative pancreatic fistul and mortality, incidence of complications, delayed gastric emptying, postoperative haemorrhage, postoperative infection, reoperate rate, postoperative hospital stay in duct-to-mucosa and invagination groups of pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy.