OBJECTIVE: To develop a set of consummated comprehensive application platform that meets the actual demand so as to promote hospital treatment level and pharmaceutical care quality.METHODS: The protocol and standard meeting the international standard was adopted for system design.The currently popular combination tools(Apache+PHP+MySQL) set was developed and an open information resources management system and multi-structured architecture were established.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: This system is practical,advanced and safe and it is composed of 5 modules: drug inquiry system,rational drug use system,management on adverse drug reactions,pharmacy administrative management and network management.The system can not only guarantee the compatibility and the expandability of system,but also meet the needs of the development of hospital pharmacy and effectively enhance the rational drug use.

Aim To study the change of mutant pre- vention concentration (MPC) in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) treated with moxi- floxacin ( MFX ) and/ or cefoperazone/ sulbactam (CFS) in vitro, and provide a theoretical support for preventing the bacterial resistance. Methods To cal- culate the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) in- dex, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 20 clinical isolates of CRAB treated with MFX and/ or CFS was determined by checkerboard microdilution as- say. In addition, to calculate the selection index (SI), the MPC of 20 clinical isolates of CRAB treated with MFX and/ or CFS was determined by agar plate di- lution assay. Results Our study showed that there was synergistic/ addictive action, rather than antago- nism action against clinical isolates of CRAB when treated with MFX + CFS. The SI of the 20 isolates trea- ted with MFX or CFS alone was 4 ~128 and 8 ~64 re- spectively, but reduced to 1 ~8 and 4 ~16 when trea- ted with MFX + CFS, which decreased by 2 ~16 and 2 ~4 times respectively compared with the single treat- ment. Conclusion These results suggest that the combination treatment of MFX + CFS against clinical isolates of CRAB might lower the MPC of the isolates treated with MFX/ CFS alone, narrow the mutant selec- tion window, and prevent the generation of drug - re- sistant mutants.

Humans ; Occupational Health ; Physical Examination

Objective To investigate the status and needs of professional training in the rehabilitation institutes associated to Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation. Methods All the rehabilitation institutes associated to Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation were surveyed with their theme, frequency and targeted participants of training in 2010. The intention of training of rehabilitation personnel were investigated and ranged as importance and urgency. Results There were some trainings in all the rehabilitation institutes, which varied with the property and level of the institutions. The theme of training did not meet the intention of the personnel. Conclusion A preliminary training system for the rehabilitation personnel has been established in Shanghai Disabled Persons' Federation system. It is needed to improve the needs assessment,curriculum, and teaching.

Objective To study the values of glycosylated hemoglobin in screening for patients with prediabetic state in Guang-zhou region .Methods 525 Guangzhou people who had accepted health examination were enrolled and were subjected to oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) .BIO-RAD D-10 automatic glycosylated hemoglobin analyzer was employed to detect their glycosylated he-moglobin A1c(GHbA1c) .OGTT results were served as diagnostic criteria ,Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to obtain the optimal threshold of GHbA1c in diagnosing impaired glucose regulation (IGR) .Results The optimal threshold of GHbA1c in diagnosing IGR was 5 .95% .The sensitivities of GHbA1c≥5 .95% and GHbA1c≥5 .7% in diagnosing IGR were 53 .3% and 84 .8% ,respectively ,while their specificities were 72 .8% and 31 .0% ,respectively .The difference of sensitivity between GHbA1c≥5 .95% combined with FPG≥5 .6 mmol/L and GHbA1c≥5 .7% alone in diagnosing IGR showed no statistical significance(P= 0 .406) ,while the specificity increased obviously (P= 0 .000) .Conclusion The criteria of GHbA1c≥5 .7% can be used for prediabetic state screening but not for diagnosis .GHbA1c≥5 .95% combined with FPG≥5 .6 mmol/L can be used effectively for prediabetic state screening in Guangzhou people .

Objective: This study aims at the review result of Guangzhou occupational health examination from 2012-2016 to analyze the distribution of crowd and to discover the occupational health hazard factors and key Protection object by finding the situation of the goal of occupational hazard factor diseases through review examination. Methods: By using retrospective study method, to choose those people who have accepted occupational health review examination handled by the review examination group of Guangzhou Occupational Prevention and Treatment Hospital from 2012 to 2016. And comprehensively analyze the review result of occupational health examination in 5 years. Results: There are 8618 cases of occupational health review examination handled by Guangzhou Occupational Prevent and Treatment Hospital and with complete data. From the Personnel structure, it refers that they are Predominantly male and their ages are mainly distributed under 40-year-old. Most of them work under the occupational disease inductive factors less than 5 years and most of the factor is contacting with noise. In the recent 5 years, we found out 1906 cases of occupational contraindications through total review, which takes 22.12% of total number of review People, including noise occupational contraindication in 61.59%. And we found 435 cases of suspected occupational disease which takes 5.05% of total number of review People, including suspected occupational noise deafness which takes the property of 60.23% and appears the most common disease. Suspected occupational diseases and occupational taboos are mainly male patients, and the age is mainly in the 30-49 age group, the working age is mainly less than 5 years. Conclusion Occupational health examination is an important Part in occupational health, occupational health examination review is the most Prior Part in the occupational health examination, which Plays a key role to discover the target disease of the occupational hazard factors in time, Prevent the development of occupational diseases and protect laborer occupational health.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of clinical pharmacists participating in anti-infection treatment for severe infection patients in the intensive care unit.Methods A retrospective collection of severe infection patients admitted to the ICU of the Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan from January to June 2023 was conducted through the hospital information system.Among them,some patients with clinical pharmacists participating in anti-infection treatment throughout the process were in the intervention group,and other patients who did not participate in treatment were in the control group.Both groups of patients received routine treatment according to clinical diagnosis.We compared the cure rate,incidence of adverse reactions,cost of antibiotics,proportion of antibiotic costs,pathogen testing rate,duration of antibiotic treatment,and average length of hospital stay between two groups of patients,and conducted statistical analysis.Results A total of 147 patients were included,with 66 in the intervention group and 81 in the control group.The cure rate of patients in the intervention group was 65.15％,significantly higher than 46.91％in the control group(P＜0.05);The incidence of adverse reactions(7.58％)was significantly lower than that of the control group(19.75％)(P＜0.05).The usage rates of quinolone drugs and tigecycline were significantly reduced in the intervention group;The intervention group had significantly better indicators such as antibiotic costs,proportion of antibiotic costs,and patient pathogen testing rate than the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant difference in the duration of antimicrobial treatment and average length of hospital stay between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The full participation of clinical pharmacists in the anti-infection treatment of ICU severe infection patients can help improve their clinical cure rate and medication safety,and reduce their medical burden.

In recent years, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint as the target has made revolutionary breakthroughs in the treatment of a variety of advanced solid tumors. Notwithstanding the impressive long-term therapeutic benefits, their efficacy is limited to a small subset of cancer patients. Some patients experienced drug resistance and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) primarily include antibodies targeting CTLA-4 and antibodies targeting PD-1 and its ligands. Thus, it is of utmost importance to screen potential biomarkers in populations that may benefit from immunotherapy, to maximize therapeutic benefits. This review summarizes the mechanism of ICIs and its related efficacy biomarker, to better guide the application of immunotherapy in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical efficacy of clarithromycin sustained-release tablets in the primary eradication of Helicobacter pylori. METHODS Retrospective analysis of the data of patients with primary eradication of Helicobacter pylori admitted to the outpatient department of Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2019 to December 2020 was conducted. They were divided into three groups according to the choice of clarithromycin dosage form and dosage, namely, clarithromycin tablets 500 mg bid treatment group(group A), clarithromycin sustained-release tablets 500 mg bid treatment group(group B), and clarithromycin sustained-release tablets 500 mg qd treatment group(group C). At least 4 weeks after the end of treatment in each group, telephone follow-up was conducted to compare and analyze the efficacy, compliance, recurrence rate, incidence of adverse reactions, and cost effectiveness ratio of different treatment schemes for eradication. RESULTS After eliminating lost visits, a total of 350 cases were included in this study, including 132 cases in group A, 101 cases in group B, and 117 cases in group C. The overall eradication rates in each group were 95.45%, 92.08%, and 97.44%, respectively. Six patients with low compliance were excluded (3 in group A, 3 in group B, and 0 in group C), with eradication rates of 95.35%, 92.86%, and 97.44%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the eradication rate, compliance, recurrence rate, and incidence of adverse reactions among the groups, but the cost effectiveness ratio in group C was the lowest. Taking group A as a reference, the incremental cost effectiveness ratio for group C was ‒156.459. CONCLUSION Clarithromycin sustained-release tablets can be safely and effectively used in the primary eradication treatment of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection, and can be used according to the recommended dosage in the instructions.

Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infection in the neurosurgery department of Jinan Fourth People's Hospital,and to provide reference for nosocomial infection prevention and control and rational use of antibiotics.Methods The infection related information of 5 200 inpatients in neurosurgery from January 2019 to December 2022 was retrospectively collected through the hospital infection monitoring system and hospital information system,and the distribution of infection sites,the incidence of hospital infection,distribution of pathogens and drug resistance were statistically and descriptively analyzed.Results From 2019 to 2022,the average infection rate of inpatients in the neurosurgery department was 3.3%,which was decreased year by year(χ2=39.000,P<0.001).Nococomial infections mostly occurred in elderly male patients,the infection sites were mainly lower respiratory tract,urinary system,bacteremia,and intracranial infection.From 2019 to 2022,296 strains of pathogenic bacterium were detected in neurosurgery,including 207 strains of Gram-negative bacteria,accounting for 69.9%;53 Gram-positive bacterium,accounting for 17.9%;36 Fungi,accounting for 12.2%.The top four pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae(21.6%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(12.5%),Escherichia coli(9.8%),and Acinetobacter baumannii(8.8%).The drug sensitivity results showed that the resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems was significant.Conclusion In the past four years,the incidence of nosocomial infections of the Neurosurgery department has improved year by year.The pathogenic bacteria detected were mainly gram-negative bacteria,and the problem of drug resistance is more prominent.The drug resistance management should be strengthened.