The technique of RNA interference has been used in the area of cardiovascular system. Chitosan nanoparticles(CS-NP) has been a hotspot of the research due to its good biological characteristics and has a great potential to be used as the carrier for gene delivery. This article gives a simple review the application of the techniques, the currently used preparation methods of CS-NP, the factors that affect the rate of complexing of plasmid with CS-NP, the transfection efficiency of plasmid CS-NP compounds, and its in vitro drug releasing behavior.

AIM:To observe the effects of adiponectin on injury of the 3-4 d SD rat cardiomyocytes induced by the intervention of H2O2.METHODS:Primary cardiomyocytes were obtained from neonatal rat and were cultured by enzymatic digestion methods.The molecular marker was observed by ?-actin immunocytochemistry.Primary cultured 3-4 d cells were used in experiment,and the injury model was established by H2O2,and adiponectin and Ara-A were used for pre-treatment before cell culture.The morphological change of cardiomyocytes was observed under electron microscope.The contents of LDH,MDA and the activity of SOD were measured.The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and Annexin V/PI staining with flow cytometry.RESULTS:Adiponectin pretreatment significantly decreased the release of LDH(P

Objective By Comparing the early and late coronary angiograms results between cutting balloon angioplasty (CBA) and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA), to evaluate the efficacy of CBA on coronary in stent restenosis Methods 166 patients with in stent restenosis after PTCA were randomized into two groups: CBA group (98 cases) and POBA group (68 cases) according to the balloon used Its instant and late mimimal lumen diameters (MLD) diameter stenoses (DS) and restenosis rates after PTCA in above two groups were compared Results Although no significant difference in mimimal lumen diameters (MLD) ([2 6?0 6]mm vs [2 7?0 4]mm), diameter stenosis (DS) (% vs %) was observed instantly after the procedure between the two groups, the required balloon inflation pressure was significantly lower with CBA ([8 3?0 9]atm vs [14 7?4 6]atm, P

AIM: To study the characteristic of liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), its target gene expression and cholesterol efflux in human macrophages treated with atorvastatin. METHODS: Human monocyte-derived macrophages were collected and cultured. Macrophages were treated with or without atorvastatin. Apolipoprotein A-I mediated human monocyte-derived macrophage cholesterol efflux was detected by liquid scintillation counting method. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to evaluate the mRNA expression of LXRα and some of its target genes ABCA1, SREBP2, CETP, PLTP, apoE, MMP-9 and MIP-1α. The protein expression of LXRα, ABCA1, MMP-9 and MIP-1α was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: Pre-incubation of human monocyte-derived macrophages with atorvastatin dose dependently (1-2 μmol/L) stimulated cholesterol efflux mediated by apolipoprotein A-I. Atorvastatin also increased the mRNA expression of LXRα, ABCA1, SREBP2, CETP, PLTP, and protein expression of LXRα, ABCA1, but decreased the expression of MMP-9 and MIP-1α at both mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSION: Atorvastatin enhances the cholesterol efflux, upregulates LXR and some genes associated with cholesterol metabolism and inhibits inflammatory responses in macrophages, indicating that statins may affect the formation of foam cells by activating LXR signaling pathway.

AIM: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of angiotensin II (AngⅡ) on expression of MMP-9 in THP-1 macrophages. METHODS: Macrophages converted from THP-1 monocytes by incubating with PMA (0.1 μmol/L) for 48 h were divided into PMA group; PMA+AngⅡ group (10-7mol/L, 1 h); PMA+AngⅡ+PDTC group (10 μmol/L, 30 min) and PDTC group. Western blotting was used to detect the MMP-9 and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, and the expression of MMP-9 mRNA in THP-1 macrophages was measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Compared to control group, the expression of MMP-9 (1.06±0.11, P<0.05) and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 (1.02±0.10, P<0.05) in THP-1 macrophages were expressed when treated with AngⅡ (10-7mol/L); and the expression of MMP-9 mRNA were upregulated (1.22±0.08, P<0.05). However, NF-κB inhibitor PDTC reduced the NF-κB p65 (0.99±0.12, P<0.01) and MMP-9 (1.04±0.14, P<0.01) expressions and decreased the expression of MMP-9 mRNA (0.90±0.06,P<0.01). CONCLUSION: NF-κB signaling pathway contributes to the expression of MMP-9 in THP-1 macrophage induced by AngⅡ.

Objective To induce adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) differentiation into cardiomyocytes, so as to provide stem cells for myocardial regeneration.Method ADMSCs were isolated and cultured from adult adipose tissue in vitro.They were induced with 10μmol/L 5-azacytidine (5Aza) for 24h.At the 7th, 14th, 21st days after induction, the expression of α-sarcomeric actin, and myosin heavy chain were repeatedly detected by immunocytochemistry.The expression of ANP was detected by RT-PCR.Results At the 7th day after induction, there was no expression of α-sarcomeric actin and MHC.At the 14th day, there was a little expression of α-sarcomeric actin and MHC that could be seen in cells.At the 21st day, there was increased expression of α-sarcomeric and MHC, and the expression of ANP was positive results detected by RT-PCR.Conclusions 5-Aza can induced ADMSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes.ADMSCs might be a potential source of cell transplantation for myocardial.

AIM:The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of angiotensin II (AngⅡ) on expression of MMP-9 in THP-1 macrophages. METHODS:Macrophages converted from THP-1 monocytes by incubating with PMA (0.1 ?mol/L) for 48 h were divided into PMA group; PMA+AngⅡ group (10-7mol/L,1 h); PMA+AngⅡ+PDTC group (10 ?mol/L,30 min) and PDTC group. Western blotting was used to detect the MMP-9 and phosphorylation of NF-?B p65,and the expression of MMP-9 mRNA in THP-1 macrophages was measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS:Compared to control group,the expression of MMP-9 (1.06?0.11,P

AIM: To investigate the effect of hyperhomo cysteine on endothelial cell function. METHODS: By establishing hyperhomocysteinemia model, 18 male New Zealand rabbits were divided into control group (control group) and high-methi o nine-diet group (M group). At the end of 3 weeks, M group was divided again into M+0 group (continuing high methionine-diet) and M+F group (high-methionine-diet plus folic acid, vitamin B 12). At the end of 6 weeks, isolated aortic rin g s were made and the maximum vasodilation of the aortic rings to Ach was investig ated. Meanwhile, the plasma concentrations of Hcy, NO, ET-1, Ang II at 0 week, 3 weeks and 6 weeks and the contents of NO 2-/NO 3-, Ang Ⅱ, ET-1, NOS i n regional vascular tissue at 8 weeks were also measured. RESULTS: (1) In contrast to M+F group and control group, the max imum vasodilation to Ach were decreased (E max=26.73?4.51 vs 47.84 ?5.62, 56.42?7.82, P

Objective To compare the relativity between Tp-Te interval,Tp-Te /QT ratio with heart rate(HR)and explore their clinical significance retrospectively.Methods 200 normal individuals' ECG were randomly selected and the Tp-Te interval and Tp-Te/QT ratio were measured in precordial lead V6 retrospectively.The relativity between Tp-Te interval and Heart Rate,Tp-Te/QT ratio and Heart Rate were calculated retrospectively.Results The Tp-Te interval was about(83.17?12.64)ms in precordial lead V6 of normal individuals.The Tp-Te interval decreased linearly with the increase in HR with the range of Tp-Te interval being 56 to 114 milliseconds(Pearson's correlation coefficient r was-0.239,P=0.007 0.01).Conclusion There is an inverse correlation between Tp-Te interva and HR while no correlation between Tp-Te/QT ratio and HR.

Objective To investigate Tpeak - Tend interval and Tpeak - Tend/Q - T interval ratio in healthy people. Methods Q - T interval and Q - Tpeak interval (time interval from QRS - wave starting to T - wave peak) were measured on electrocardiogram in 100 healthy people, rectrospectively. Then , Tpeak - Tend was calculated by Q - T interval substrating Q - T peak, and T peak - Tend /Q -T interval ratio was calculated. Results T peak - T end /Q - T ratio and T peak - T end interval were greatest in lead V2 (0.24?0.04, 93.20?16.07)(ms) and smallest in lead avL (0.16?0.03 ,58.06?13.70) (ms). Tpeak - Tend interval in Ⅱ,Ⅲ,avR, V2～V6 were significantly greater in male than those in female. Tpeak - Tend /Q - T ratio in Ⅱ, Ⅲ, avR, avF, V2～V6 were significantly greater in male than those in female. Total 95% confidence interval of Tpeak - Tend interval and Tpeak - Tend /Q - T ratio in lead V2 were (90.01 , 96.39) (ms) and (0.23 , 0.25) /respectively. 95% confidence interval of Tpeak - Tend interval of Male and female subjects in lead V2 were (93.67,103.07) (ms) and (85.13,93.46) (ms) , respectively. 95% confidence interval of Tpeak -Tend interval of Male and female subjects in lead V2 were(0.24 ,0.26) and (0.21 ,0.24) , respectively. Conclusion Our study provides values of T peak -T end interval and T peak - T end/Q - T ratio in healthy people.