Objective To determine the content icariin in the extract of Gushuling. Methods HPLC method was performed on Luna C18 column (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- water (30∶70) and the UV detective wavelength was set at 270 nm. Results The curve of icariin was linear within 0.416～2.496 ?g, Y=2.0?106X-53 810 (r =0.999 9). Conclusion HPLC method is simple, rapid and accurate, and it is suitable for ananlysis of icariin content in extract of Gushuling .

OBJECTIVE:To review the occurrence of ophthalmic injuries and analyse the relationship between the injuries and the kinds of drugs used and the route of administration METHODS:The cases of drug-induced ophthalmic injuries which were reported in medical journals published from 1960 to 2000 year were collected and analysed RESULTS:There were 967 cases of drug-induced ophthalmic injuries caused by 154 kinds of drug The clinical manifestations of ophthalmic injuries included ocular pigmentation,visual disturbance,loss of sight and injuries to cornea,conjunctiva,optic nerve,retina or optic papilla,and the inducing drugs were mostly antimicrobials,central nervous system and circulatory system drugs,such as chlorpromazine,perphenazine,amiodaron,ethambutol etc CONCLUSION:Drug-induced ophthalmic injuries caused by systemic administering drugs in commonly-used dosage and route pertain to ADRs The ophthalmic injuries caused by local application of drugs to the eyes result from improper drugs used,faulty manipulation and unsuitable applications of drugs during or after operations

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the general features of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)caused by hepatitis B vaccine.METHODS:72national case reports of ADRs induced by hepatitis B vaccine in recent10years were classified and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The affected patients ranged in age from1year to 40 years,with more males than females;Most ADRs occurred with in 30 minutes after the medication;The ADRs were characterized by allergies in clinic,even allergic shock.CONCLUSIONS:It is important to manage the ADRs caused by hepatitis B vaccine for the safety of medication.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize Azelastine hydrochloride (AH) thermosensitive in-situ gel nasal drops formulation. METHODS:Using poloxamer 407(P407)and poloxamer 188(P188)as excipients,AH thermosensitive in-situ gel was prepared by cold solution method. The formulation was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology using the amount of P407 and P188(g/100 ml)as factors and phase-transition temperature as index. Binomial expression was fitted,and pre-dicted and measured values were compared. RESULTS:The correlation coefficient R2 fitted by binomial expression was equal to 0.986 5. The optimal formulation was as follows as P407 for 20.414 4%,P188 for 5.035 4%,measured value of(30.81±0.02)℃, predicted values of 31 ℃,deviation of 0.61%. CONCLUSIONS:AH thermosensitive in-situ gel nasal drops formulation is opti-mized by central composite design-response surface methodology.

OBJECTIVE:To study the compatible stability of puerarin injection with 10 commonly-used drugs.METHODS:The changes in appearance,pH,particulate and puerarin content after mixing with 10 drugs were observed and assayed.RESU_LTS & CONCLUSION:Puerarin injection mixing with adenosine triphosphate,coenzyme A and ribavirin showed significant change in pH,which indicats that they are incompatable each other,however,when puerarin injection was mixed with vitamin B6,potassium chloride,etamsylate,cimetidine,gentamycin,amikacin and erythromycin,no significant changes in pH,particulate and puerarin content were found,which indicates their compatibility.

Objective To identify the expression of a fusion gene GCA formed from GM-CSF gene and LMP2A gene of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in a recombinant BCG (rBCG) and to study its immunoge-nicity.Methods The rBCG was constructed to express the fusion gene GCA and the expressed products were detected by Western blot assay .ELISA was performed to measure specific antibody titers in serum sam-ples from mice immunized with rBCG .Lactate dehydrogenase assay was used to analyze the cellular immuni-ty of mice.A mouse model of EBV-positive gastric carcinoma was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of rBCG.Results The target proteins of GM-CSF and LMP2A were successfully expressed in rBCG . The specific antibodies were detected in rBCG immunized mice as indicated by ELISA .The maximum anti-body titer reached 1 ∶27 900 [(326.5±7.8) pg/ml] as injection with rBCG 5×108/mouse.The rBCG in-duced cytotoxicity of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) to EBV-positive gastric carcinoma cells (GT39) (with a killing rate of 89.6%±6.8%) was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05) The sizes of tumor in PBS control group [(1964.0±548.7) mm3] and BCG group [(1268.65±72.4) mm3] were big-ger than those in rBCG group [(168.64±78.80) mm3].Conclusion The rBCG expressing GM-CSF and LMP2A fusion gene was successfully constructed .The rBCG could induce humoral and cellular immune re-sponses in mice and inhibit the growth of tumor .

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bioavailability of two nimesulide preparations.METHODS:A total of 20 healthy male volunteers were enrolled in a randomized crossover study in which the subjects were randomly assigned to receive single dose of 200 mg nimesulide orally disintegrating tablets(test)or nimesulide tablets(reference).The plasma concentrations of nimesulide were determined by RP-HPLC,and the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were calculated with DAS program.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of nimesulide test and reference preparations were as follow:AUC0～24:(54.67?18.25)vs.(56.15?15.54)?g?h?mL-1;AUC0～∞:(56.38?18.03)vs.(57.63?15.26)?g?h?mL-1;Cmax:(7.61?2.72)vs.(7.50?2.19)?g?mL-1;tmax:(3.83?1.39)and(3.80?1.28)h.The relative bioavailability of nimesulide or-ally disintegrating tablets as against nimesulide tablet was(98.7?22.9)%.CONCLUSION:Nimesulide test and reference preparations were bioequivalent.

Objective To investigate effective methodology for preventing infectious diseases from spreading within general hospitals at all levels. Methods Six hospitals at three levels in the city were made into two groups and investigated for their treatment of infectious diseases. The group of A1, A2 and A3 hospitals employs the five pre-triage, while the group of B2, B2 and B3 employs the routine pretriage. Results Comparison of undetected infectious cases between group A1, A2, A3 and group B1,B2,B3 identified significant difference with x2 testing, P＜0. 005. Conclusion Five pre-triage method can screen, identify and pinpoint confirmed or suspected infectious disease patients from all outpatients in the first time, thus preventing and controlling the nosocornial transmission of epidemic or even an outbreak of nosocomial infection effectively.

0.05). The average SV of premature systoles is 35% of sinus beats. Premature systoles less than 5 beats/min may cause and average drop of 5% of cardiac output (CO), While the premature systoles increased to 10-20 beats/min, the CO would be dropped further of 10-19%. there Was a high linear correlation between sr of all premature systoles and the coupling interval premature systoles (p

Objective To analyze the characteristics,risk and induced factors of intussusception in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS).Methods From March 2nd 2005 to May 25th 2013,a total of 130 patients with PJS were selected.The clinical data of patients were collected,which included gender,age,the diagnostic age of PJS,family history,the diagnostic age of intussusception,clinical features,location,treatment and the maximum diameter of polyps which caused intussusception.Kaplan-Meier was performed to analyze the cumulative risk of intussusception.Results Among 130 patients with PJS,90 cases had intussusception.The age when first time diagnosed was from four to 33,median age was 16.The cumulative risks of intussusception at 10,15,20,25 and 30 years were 12.308％ (16/130),31.538％(41/130),51.538％(67/130),64.615％(84/130) and 66.923％(87/130).There was no significant difference in the cumulative risk of intussusception between male and female; with family history and no family history (both P＞0.05).A total of 131 intussusception happened in 90 patients,of which diagnosed by surgery,imaging examination and history reviewer was 125,four and two times,respectively.The initial symptom of 111 times of intussusception was acute abdomen and 15 were abdominal pain and vomiting.The left five intussusception was found by regular:examination.One hundred and fifteen intussusception was in small intestine and 16 in colon.There was 127,three and one time treated with surgery,conservative treatment,endoscopic therapy (dual airbags intestinal endoscopic polypectomy),respectively.The maximum diameter of polyps which caused intussusception was from 15 to 70 mm,average 40 mm.Conclusions Intussusception of patients with PJS is at young age and with a high cumulative risk.Intussusception is generally caused by diameter over 15 mm polyps.