Objective To investigate the cortex gray matter configuration in amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)patients using MRI technology, FMRIB software library(FSL)and Freesurfer software.Methods Twenty aMCI patients and 20 normal control subjects were recruited and studied. They were matched by age, sex and education. All the patients and healthy volunteers underwent MRI scan using SEMENTS trio 3.0 T MRI. The subtile three-dimensional brain images were obtained using high resolution scanning technique. The imaging data was processed and analyzed with FSL and Freesurfer software. The cortex gray matter density and thickness in different brain areas of aMCI patients and normal control subjects were calculated and compared using statistic analysis. Results Compared to that in the controls, cortex gray matter density in the aMCI patients showed remarkable decreases in left frontal lobe, temporal lobe,parietal lobe, and slight decrease in right thalamus, temporal lobe and island lobe; For cortex thickness,aMCI patients showed significant decreases in left anterior cingulate gyrus((2. 19 ±0. 24)mm), inferior parietal lobe((2. 27 ± 0. 15)mm), bilateral parahippocampal gyrus((2. 03 ± 0. 15),(2. 04 ±0. 17)mm), precentral gyrus((2. 20 ± 0. 11),(2. 31 ± 0. 19)mm), postcentral gyrus((1.88 ± 0. 11),(1.82 ± 0. 09)mm), superior frontal gyrus((2. 42 ± 0. 34),(2. 40 ± 0. 28)mm), middle frontal gyrus ((2.31±0.31),(2.33 ±0.29)mm), supramarginal gyrus((2.53 ±0.33),(2.55 ±0.23)mm),temporal pole((3.41 ±0.68),(3.30 ±0.56)mm)and transverse temporal gyrus((2.04 ±0. 12),(2. 01 ± 0. 11)mm; t = 2. 13-3.75, P ＜ 0. 05), no significant changes in the other areas(t = 0. 09-1.88, P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusions Our results suggest that there are significant changes in gray matter configuration in cortex of aMCl patients. The changes of cortical thickness is earlier than the changes of gray matter density.

Objective To study the influence of different contrast injection skills in interstitial magnetic resonance lymphography( IMRL) of breast cancer, and standardize the IMRL contrast injection process. Methods A total of 36 patients with invasive breast cancer were ran-domly divided into four groups. The imaging time of different contrast agent dose and local massage time on sentinel lymph node ( SLN) were analyzed. According to the results, the best contrast injection methods technology program was choosed. Results For the same massage time, different contrast agent doses showed no significant difference in the SLN imaging time (P>0. 05);For same contrast agent dose, dif-ferent massage time showed significant statistically different SLN imaging time(P<0. 05). Conclusion In clinical work, IMRL with a con-trast agent injection dose of 0. 5 mL/person, local massage 1 min after injection can successfully achieve the lymphatic system image of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the regional homogeneity (ReHo) changes of primary insomnia (PI) with cognitive impairment using resting?state fMRI. Methods Twenty-one patients with primary insomnia and cognitive impairment and 25 healthy volunteers matched with age, gender and education level were collected from Southwest Hospital of China from November 2014 to June 2015. Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL), Hamilton depression scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were conducted to evaluate the sleep and cognitive conditions of all subjects. Independent sample t?test was performed to evaluate the significant difference of neuropsychology scores of two groups. ReHo of rs?fMRI were evaluated and compared between two groups using independent sample T?test, meanwhile, the partial correlation analysis was conducted in ReHo values of different brain regions and neuropsychology scores (age, gender and education level were regarded as covariates). Results Compared with normal controls, patients with primary insomnia and cognitive impairment showed significant higher PSQI score and lower MoCA and MMSE scores(P<0.05). The patient group also showed significant increased ReHo in the left medial temporal gyrus(54 voxels, t=3.14), left inferior temporal gyrus(76 voxels, t=4.80), right inferior temporal gyrus(84 voxels, t=4.30) and left parahippocampal gyrus(301 voxels, t=4.44) (P<0.05) and decreased ReHo in the left superior temporal lobe(79 voxels, t=-3.38), right fusiform gyrus(50 voxels, t=-3.17), right superior temporal gyrus(283 voxels, t=-5.34), right inferior frontal gyrus(56 voxels, t=-3.98), right anterior cingulate(233 voxels, t=-3.91), left parietal lobe angular gyrus(67 voxels, t=-3.27) and superior parietal lobule(65 voxels, t=-3.45) (P<0.05). The partial correlation analysis showed positive correlations between the ReHo values and PSQI scores of the left parahippocampal gyrus (R=0.771,P<0.01), negative correlations between the ReHo values and PSQI scores of the right anterior cingulate gyrus (R=-0.649,P<0.01) and positive correlations between the ReHo values and MoCA scores of the right anterior cingulate gyrus(R=0.555,P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with primary insomnia and cognitive impairment have ReHo alterations in various brain regions. The decreasing ReHo in the right anterior cingulate gyrus can reflect the level of sleep disorder and cognitive impairment, and increasing ReHo in the left parahippocampal gyrus can reflect the compensation of sleep disorders of PI.

Objective To investigate the change of plasma visfatin in patients with coronary heart disease and its clinical significance.Methods A total of 310 patients with coronary heart disease (ACS group:n =217; SAP group:n =93) and of 90 healthy subjects with a matched age and gender were included in this study.The plasma concentration of visfatin of each subject was measured using ELISA assay,and each patient underwent selective coronary angiography examination.A total of 85 cases of patients in CHD group underwent 64-slice CT coronary imaging to evaluate the main plaque within the coronary.Results The visfatin,LDL,BMI,blood glucose levels was significantly higher in CHD group[ ( 128.18 ± 13.86)ng/ml,(3.63 ± 1.48) mmol/L,( 26.18 ± 1.82) kg/m2,(7.25 ± 2.03 ) mmol/L] than in control group [ (75.96 ± 10.27 )ng/ml,(2.64 ± 0.53 ) mmol/L,( 23.51 ± 0.89 ) kg/m2,(5.11 ± 1.53 ) mmol/L,P ＜ 0.05 ],respectively.The visfatin level in the ACS group [ ( 145.57 ± 19.95 ) ng/ml ] was significantly higher than the SAP group [ (110.79 ±7.78)ng/ml,P ＜0.05].The visfatin concentration gradually increased with the aggravation of the complexity of coronary lesion types and severity of coronary lesions( P ＜ 0.05).The plasma visfatin concentrations in Soft plaque group and the fibrous plaque group were significantly higher than calcified plaque (P ＜ 0.05).HDL-C and Gensini score of coronary lesions were negatively correlated ( r =- 0.055,P ＜0.05) ; LDL-C,Glu,and visfatin was positively correlated with coronary lesions Gensini score ( r =0.464,0.279,0.531,P ＜ 0.05 ),respectively.Conclusions The plasma visfatin level in patients with Coronary heart disease increased and affected its lipid metabolism.It may be an important inflammatory factors promoting arterial atherosclerosis occurs and development,which has a certain value to the judgment of coronary lesions and plaque stability combined with 64-slice spiral CT examination.

Objective To investigate the activity of attentional and executive cortex and its relationship with cognitive impairment in subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD).MethodsTwenty patients with SIVD and twenty normal control subjects who were matched by age,sex and education were enrolled.All of them underwent fMRI using SEMENTS 3.0T MR during Stroop task performance. The correlation between cognitive impairment and cortex activation in fMRI was analyzed.Results Cortical activation of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,Nentrolateral prefrontal cortex,inferior parietal lobe have closed correlation with total score,visual trabecular spaces and execution,attention,verbalization,delayed memory and orientation score in MoCA test ( r =0.447-0.837,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsCortex activation in fMRI can reflex the cognitive impairment of SIVD.

Object To establish a quantitative method for ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in the aqueous decoctions of MAHUANG TANG (ADMHT) by GC MS, and to determine the content of the two components in decoctions of the different recipes consisted of Herba Ephedrae, and other herbs by using the quantitative method will be established, so as to study the effect of compatible medicinal herbs on the release of the two components in Herba Ephedrae to decoctions Methods The quantitative method by the help of characteristic ion was used in GC MS Results The content of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in decoction prepared from Herba Ephedrae and Semen Armeniacae Amarum evidently decreases, the content of two components in decoction prepared from Herba Ephedrae and Ramulus Cinnamomin evidently increases, the content of two components in decoction prepared from Herba Ephedrae and Radix Glycyrrhizae has no obvious change, as compared with that of two components in decoction from Herba Ephedrae alone Conclusion The method is good in the aspect of separable effect, sensitivity and reproducibility The method not only can quantify the two components, but also provide the bases of quality control for the pharmacokinetic study and therapeutic detection of Herba Ephedra recipes

Objective To explore the association between plasma resistin levels and acute coronary syndrome. Methods Four hundred patients were divided into coronary heart disease (CHD) group（310）and control group（90）according to the coronary Angiography (CAG). And CHD group was divided into ACS subgroup（n＝217）and SAP subgroup（n＝93）according to the clinical information. 85 cases in CHD group were underwent 64-slice spiral computed tomography coronary artery imaging. The severity and extent of coronary lesions were analyzed by CAG and graded by means of Gensini coronary score system. Resistin level in plasma of all patients was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Resistin levels in CHD group［(889.1±248.2)pg/ml］ were significant higher compared with the control group［(261.6±111.9)pg/ml］ (P＜0.05), and resistin levels in ACS subgroup［(1260.0±368.0)pg/ml］ were much higher than that in SAP subgroup［(518.3±128.4)pg/ml］ (P＜0.05). Conclusions The resistin levels of patients with acute coronary syndrome increased significantly and might be associated with the vulnerable plaque. Resistin levels and 64 slice spiral computed tomography coronary artery imaging can be used to detect the vulnerable plaque in CHD patients.

AIM: To study the effects of chronic metabolic acidosis on glomerulus, mesangial cells and the production of extracellular matrix. METHODS: Chronic metabolic acidosis was induced by addition of 0.28 mol/L NH_4Cl to drinking water for 3, 7, or 14 days in male Wistar rats (n=10). Light microscope combined with computer software (Motic Images Advanced 3.2) was used to determine the effect of chronic acid loading on renal morphologic changes. The expressions of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p27 in glomeruli were detected by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry. Fibronectin (FN) mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. The proliferation of mesangial cells in vitro was determined by ~3H:-TdR incorporation. The concentration of FN in cultured supernatant was detected by ELISA. RESULTS: On day 1, 3, 7 and 14, the arterial pH and plasma HCO_3~-: in experimental rats were significantly decreased. There was a significantly increased in the kidney weight and the ratio of kidney to body weigh in experimental rats on day 3, 7 and 14. The glomerular area and cell numbers also increased significantly. Immunoblotting demonstrated decreased p27 expression and increased PCNA expression in isolated glomeruli, and the expression of PCNA increased in a time-dependent manner following the time of chronic metabolic acidosis. Immunohistochemistry showed increased positive PCNA expression mainly localized to mesangial cells. The expression of FN mRNA was significantly elevated in experimental rats on day 7 and 14. In vitro, acid loading induced mesangial cell proliferation and synthesis of FN. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that chronic metabolic acidosis induces mesangial cell proliferation, and its mechanism may be associated with the downregulation of cell cycle kinase inhibitor p27.

Objective To investigate the expression of nestin, a type Ⅵ intermediate filament protein in the glomeruli with foot process effacement and the potential relationship between nestin expression in the kidney and the degree of proteinuria. Method Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the localization of nestin in the kidney samples obtained from needle biopsies of normal human and patients with minimal change disease (MCD). Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis rat models were established by a single intraperitoneal injection of PAN. Both real time quatitative reverse PCR and Western blot methods were applied to evaluate the levels of nestin expression at day 1, 4, 10 and 20 after PAN injection. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of nestin in glomeruli of MCD patients was significantly reduced compared with normal samples (0.93±0.08 vs 1.65±0.12, P<0.05) . The mRNA and protein expressions of nestin in the rat kidney were transitorily increased by 1.23 folds and 1.48 folds of control group (NC) after 1 day of PAN injection (P<0.05), then decreased quickly in the following days. The mRNA levels of nestin in the kidney were 35.8% and 12.1% of NC after 4 days and 10 days of PAN injection, respectively, (P<0.01) as determined by real time PCR. After 20 days of PAN injury, nestin mRNA expression partly recovered to 65.8% of NC (P< 0.05 ). The protein levels of nestin detected by Western blot presented the similar trend, which were 77.0%, 58.0% and 83.4% of NC after 4 days, 10 days and 20 days of PAN injection, respectively (P<0.05). The degree of proteinuria in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats was negatively correlated with both mRNA and protein levels of nestin in the kidney(r=-0.667,P<0.05 and r=-0.621 ,P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions The expression of intermediate filament protein nestin is down-regnlated in the kidney characterized with foot process effacement and negatively correlated with the degree of proteinuria in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats. Nestin may play a potential role in modulating the structure and function of podocyte.

ObjectiveTo investigate a new way to prevent hyperacute rejection (HAR) during liver xenotransplantation through blocking the xenograft with recipient blood serum before transplantation.MethodsTwenty guinea-pig (GP) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pair-matched as donor and recipient randomly.Before transplantation,blood serum collected from other SD rats was inactivated at 45 ℃ in water bath for 30 minutes.Guinea-pig donor livers from experimental group ( n =10 ) were pre-perfused by 0.1％ solution of this blood serum,and donor livers from control group (n =10) were treated by Ringer solution.Then orthotopic liver xenotransplantations were performed by the modified two-cuff technique immediately.Liver morphology changes and survival rate and time of recipients were observed,and histopathological lesions were detected by HE staining,and liver ALT level was evaluated.ResultsThe operation time and anhepatic phases between two groups were not different significantly ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The survival rate of recipients from experimental group was higher,and its survival time was longer than that of control group significantly (P ＜ 0.01 ).The liver histological changes such as thrombosis and interstitial bleeding in experimental group was less severe than that in control group (P ＜0.01 ).The level of ALT in blood serum of rats from experimental group were lower than that from control group significantly ( P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsThe results suggested that blocking the donor graft with recipient blood serum inhibits HAR during liver xenotransplantation.