Objective To explore the effect of CYP3A5 gene polymorphisms on the whole blood trough concentration (C0) of tacrolimus (TAC) in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy to identify an economical and optimal initial dosage delivering the best curative effect with minimum drug adverse reaction.Methods Sixty patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy were enrolled in this study.The CYP3A5 genotype was tested by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).According to CYP3A5 genotype, the patients were divided into three groups (AA, AG, and GG).At the same time, the C0 of TAC was measured by enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT).C0 of TAC, daily dosage of TAC and the concentration/dose(C0/D) ratio of TAC were detected after taking medicine at 8, 12, 16 and 24 weeks respectively, so as to corroborate the relation between CYP3A5 gene polymorphisms and the dosage of TAC.Results The oral TAC dosage had great variation among individuals.The occurrence of the CYP3A5 genetic polymorphisms (A6986G) designated as G was 53.33％.D and C0 were significantly different at 8, 12, 16 and 24 weeks respectively (all P ＜ 0.05).To reach the same C0, the patients with AA needed 2-3-fold dosage of TAC than GG;and those with AG needed 1-2-fold dosage of TAC than GG.After 24-week treatment, the effective rate of AA group was markedly lower than AG and GG (16.67％ vs 81.25％, 16.67％ vs 87.50％, all P ＜ 0.001).Among CR, PR and NR, there were no significantly difference on C0 or C0/D of TAC (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions CYP3A5 genotypes are correlated with blood concentration of TAC.CYP3A5 genotyping may be a new approach to predict the optimal initial dosage of tacrolimus in idiopathic membranous nephropathy.

Objective To evaluate effect of comprehensive health intervention on serum lipids in obese children.Methods Totally 67 obese children (obesity group) who were treated in Baoan People's Hospital re-ceived one-year comprehensive health interventions. Another 65 normal-body-weighted children were recruited as control group.The changes of body height,weight,BMI,blood pressure (BP),and serum lipids were recorded before and after interventions.Results Compared with the control group,the weight,BMI,BP,TG,and LDL-C in the obesity group significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01).The BMI,BP,and TG in the obesity group were significantly improved after intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01).HDL-C was significantly higher than the pre-intervention level (P<0.05),while was significantly lower than that in the control group (P

Objective To investigate the expression of caspase-3 and FasL in the hippocampus of the infantile rats with recurrent sei-zures. Methods 72 of 20-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, control group and seizure group. Seizures in rats were induced by inhalant flurothyl daily in six consecutive days. Brain tissue was sampled at different time points (the 1st day, 3rd day and 7th day) after last seizure. The expressions of caspase-3 and FasL proteins in the hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was measured by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The caspase-3 protein, FasL protein and caspnse-3 mRNA levels were obviously increased at the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after recurrent seizure in the hippocampus of the rat(P<0.01). Conclusions Caspase-3 and FasL are participated in the infantile brain injury after recurrent seizures.

Objective To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba(银杏叶) extract on the expression of caspase-3 in the hippocampus of the rats following recurrent seizures,the role of caspase-3 in the brain injury induced by seizures and the possible protective mechanism of Ginkgo biloba extract against brain injury.Methods One hundred and eight Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats,twenty-day-old,were divided randomly into three groups: the control group,the seizure group and the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group.Seizures models in rats were produced by consecutive inhalation of flurothyl daily for six days.The rats in the Ginkgo biloba extract treatment group received 50 mg/kg of the Ginkgo biloba extract through intra-abdominal injection immediately after every seizure,and after 12 hours another injection was repeated,while the rats in seizure group and control group received volume-matched saline through intra-abdominal injections.Brain tissue was sampled at different time points(1 day,3 days,7 days) after last seizure.The expression of caspase-3 protein in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The caspase-3 protein and caspase-3 mRNA levels at the time points of postseizure 1,3,7 days in the hippocampus of the rat pups in seizure group were much higher than those in control group,while they were highest on the post-seizure 3rd day(all P

Objective To determine the level of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to assess its relationship with disease activity and organ damage. Methods The plasma levels of MCP-I were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 95 patients with SLE and 21 healthy controls. Disease activity in SLE patients was assessed using the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). Results Plasma level of MCP-1 was significantly elevated in SLE patients than in healthy controls [(849±289) pg/ml vs (426±266) pg/ml, P<0.01]. Moreover, level of MCP-1 was significantly higher in SLE patients with lupus nephritis (LN) than in patients without LN (P<0.01), andin SLE patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms than in patients without neuropsychiatric involvement (P< 0.01). In addition, significant correlation between plasma MCP-I levels and the SLEDAI was observed (r= 0.3699, P<0.01), and this relationship was not influenced by the treatment with glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide. Conclusion MCP-I may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE, including renal and neuropsychiatric involvement. MCP-I is also a serologic marker of disease activity in patients with SLE, and its measurement in SLE patients may be useful for the evaluation of disease activity.

This study examined the effect of insulin on the expression of very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) subtypes of SGC7901 cells and discussed its biological implication. In vitro, moderately or poorly-differentiated human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC7901 was incubated with insulin for different lengths of time, and then the expression of protein and RNA level in VLDLR subtypes were detected by Western blotting and real-time PCR, respectively. The results showed that, at certain time interval, insulin could down-regulate expression of type I VLDLR and up-regulate the expression of type II VLDLR in SGC7901 cells, at both protein and RNA level. We are led to conclude that insulin serves as a regulator in maintaining the balance between glucose and lipid metabolism in vivo, possibly through its effect on the differential expression of VLDLR subtypes.

Objective To explore the dilution regression method of coagulation detection(PT ,APTT) in fat blood samples . Methods We collected 40 normal blood coagulation specimens (no fat blood ,no jaundice ,no hemolysis) in Yan′an hospital of Kun-ming ,then we detected the PT and APTT of the original plasma and 3-fold diluted plasma and 5-fold diluted plasma ,the we used the data both of before dilution and diluted to do the linear regression analysis ,and finally we got the regression equations of each index .we also collected 33 fat blood samples in Yanan hospital of Kunming ,which be divide into three groups through the severity of triglycerides :mild fat blood group(1 .7 mmol/L≤TG<11 .0 mmol/L) and moderate fat blood group(11 .0 mmol/L≤TG<20 .0 mmol/L)and severe fat blood group(TG≥20 .0 mmol/L) ,then we detected the PT and APTT after 3-fold diluted plasma and high-speed centrifugation plasma ,and then we brought diluted results into the normal regression equations and the results were compared with the high-speed centrifugation results .Results Because most of the 5-fold diluted plasma can not get the effective results ,so we use 3-fold diluted plasma to get the regression equations .The results of 3-fold diluted plasma was calculated by the regression equa-tions ,which then compared with high-speed centrifugation results ,after the analysis of statistical software ,two results had not sta-tistically significant (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Dilution regression method can be used to detect the fat blood samples in the clinical coagulation detection .

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative effect of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). METHOD: Two hundred and fifty-six cases with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps, undergone ESS from 2001 to 2007 were analysed. There were 106 cases in type 1, 134 cases in type 2 and 16 cases in type 3. Two hundred and forty-six cases undergone ESS with intranasal local anesthesia and potentialized anesthesia. Long-time follow-up was performed at 9 to 42 months (mean = 15 months). RESULT: The results showed that cure rate was 78.3% for type 1, 66.4% for type 2 and 43.8% for type 3. There was significant difference in cure rate between type 1, type 2 and type 3 (P < 0.01). Complication of ESS of 256 cases was 4.3%. CONCLUSION There was higher efficacy and safety for relief of nasal polyps and for relief of chronic sinusitis with ESS. The difference of clinical type in nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis affected directly surgical result.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Polyps ; surgery ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the fiber altering and clinical relationship in patients with occipital and temporal lobe cerebral infarction with DTI.Methods Fifty patients suffering from cerebral stroke were analyzed with conventional MRI,DWI and DTI. The fibers of visual pathway were depicted ,and their fractional anisotropy (FA),apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC),isotropic im-age (Iso)and T2-weighted trace were measured and analyzed.Results Regions of interest (ROIs)were placed in infarction and nor-mal contralateral tissue for tracking the visual pathways.The different parameters were measured.FA is useful to differentiate hy-per-acute stroke from acute and sub-acute stroke.FA values increased slightly in hyper-acute and decreased in acute,sub-acute and chronic phase.The values of ADC in infarction regions in hyper-acute,acute and sub-acute phases were lower than those of the con-tralateral tissue.Iso and T2-weighted trace increased in acute phase and decreased in chronic phase.DTT was used to show the way and chang of visual pathway.Conclusion DTI could track the fiber of visual pathway,and depict the fiber of infarction zone.DTT could be used in evaluating the prognosis of patients.

ObjectiveTo determine the distribution of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa Ⅰ and Bsm Ⅰ polymorphism in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the association with SLE in Chinese Han patients.MethodsGenomic DNA from 244 Chinese SLE patients and 162 sex and ethnically matched controls were typed for VDR Apa Ⅰand Bsm Ⅰpolymorphism combination by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Clinical characteristics were analyzed between different Apa ] and Bsm Ⅰ genotypes.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the distribution frequencies of allelic gene A and a in SLE patients and the controls,but the distribution frequency of genotypes heterozygote Aa in SLE patients was higher than that in the controls ( 38.9％ vs 22.2％,x2 =12.442,P =0.000).There was no significant difference between the distribution frequency of allelic gene and genotypes of Bsm Ⅰin SLE patients and the controls ( P ＞ 0.05 ).However,there was significant difference between the distribution frequencies of Apa Ⅰ and Bsm Ⅰ genotypes combination in SLE patients and the controls (x2 =18.226,P =0.006).The distribution frequency of genotypes Aa-bb in SLE patients was higher than that in the controls ( 32.4％ vs 17.9％,x2 =10.449 P =0.001 ),while the distribution frequency of genotypes Aa-bb in SLE patients was lower than that in the controls (30.3％ vs 42.0％,x2 =5.808,P =0.016). Furthermore,analyzing the effect of VDR Apa Ⅰand Bsm Ⅰ polymorphism combination to the symptoms of SLE,significant difference was observed in SLE patients carrying Aa-bb genotypes involved in serositis ( P =0.003 ),hematological system disorder ( P =0.021 ),and anti-Sm antibodies ( P =0.01 ) compared with other genotypes.ConclusionThere is significant association between Apa Ⅰ and Bsm Ⅰ gene polymorphism Aa-bb genotypes and the incidence of SLE in the Han population of China,and genotype Aa-bb is more involved in serositis,hematological system disorder and has a positive effect on production of antibodies.